LXVIII. On experiments with vacuum gold-leaf electroscopes on the mechanical temperature effects in rarefied gases

1907 ◽  
Vol 13 (78) ◽  
pp. 747-759
Author(s):  
J.T. Bottomley ◽  
F.A. King
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Rarefied Gases ◽  
Gold Leaf

scholarly journals Experiments with vacuum gold-leaf electroscopes on the mechanical temperature effects in rarefied gases

1907 ◽  
Vol 79 (530) ◽  
pp. 285-295
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Rarefied Gases ◽  
Gold Leaf ◽  
Mechanical Effects ◽  
Set Up

The following is intended to be a preliminary notice of some striking mechanical effects which we have observed in the gold leaves of vacuum electroscopes, and which, at first sight, might be taken to simulate electrifica­tion of bodies by light and radiant heat. Experiment 1.—The first indications which presented themselves to us, of the existence of the peculiar effects which we are about to describe, were obtained while we were experimenting with a “radium clock,” constructed much as described by the Hon. R. Strutt, F. R. S. We have set up this apparatus for the purpose of carrying out secular observations, and in order to find, if possible, whether the activity of the radium seems to diminish with time.

Characterization of carbides in M50NiL

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 606-607
Author(s):  
L. S. Lin ◽  
K. P. Gumz ◽  
A. V. Karg ◽  
C. C. Law
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Base Composition ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Carbide Formation ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Fee Structure ◽  
Heat Treated

Carbon and temperature effects on carbide formation in the carburized zone of M50NiL are of great importance because they can be used to control surface properties of bearings. A series of homogeneous alloys (with M50NiL as base composition) containing various levels of carbon in the range of 0.15% to 1.5% (in wt.%) and heat treated at temperatures between 650°C to 1100°C were selected for characterizations. Eleven samples were chosen for carbide characterization and chemical analysis and their identifications are listed in Table 1.Five different carbides consisting of M6C, M2C, M7C3 and M23C6 were found in all eleven samples examined as shown in Table 1. M6C carbides (with least carbon) were found to be the major carbide in low carbon alloys (<0.3% C) and their amounts decreased as the carbon content increased. In sample C (0.3% C), most particles (95%) encountered were M6C carbide with a particle sizes range between 0.05 to 0.25 um. The M6C carbide are enriched in both Mo and Fe and have a fee structure with lattice parameter a=1.105 nm (Figure 1).

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