This chapter examines the legal and social responses to childhood depression. It asks whether the law is blind to cases where the harm the child is suffering can be found in biological causes, wider social inequality, or negative social forces. After providing an overview of depression in children, the chapter reviews legal responses to suffering children. It then considers what role the law should have, if any, to address the issue of childhood depression by discussing the nature of childhood depression and child protection. It also describes the dangers that might arise if the law did decide to adopt a broader attitude towards child protection, so as to include childhood depression. The chapter suggests that, while there is a strong case in principle for there being legal responsibilities owed to all suffering children, regardless of the cause of that suffering, there are also considerable dangers in taking that approach.