scholarly journals Lessons from community participation in primary health care and water resource governance in South Africa: a narrative review

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Hove ◽  
Lucia D’Ambruoso ◽  
Kathleen Kahn ◽  
Sophie Witter ◽  
Maria van der Merwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Resource Governance ◽  
Primary Health

Community Participation in the National Development Plan Through Primary Health Care

2019 ◽  
pp. 160-178
Author(s):  
Johannes Ntshilagane Mampane
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
National Development ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
National Development Plan ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Lgbt Community ◽  
Care Approach

The chapter explores and describes community participation in the National Development Plan through Primary Health Care by using case studies of LGBT organizations in South Africa. Post-Apartheid and democratic South Africa has endorsed community participation as one of the fundamental pillars of the public Primary Health Care approach in its governance structures. This chapter focuses on the current major health issue in South Africa, the HIV epidemic, which is one of the leading causes of death in the country. Particular attention is paid to members of the LGBT community because of their discrimination in public healthcare facilities on grounds of their sexual orientation. The chapter relies on secondary sources of data collection from extant literature, textbooks, journal articles, and internet sources. Challenges to address LGBT community discrimination in HIV testing, prevention, treatment, care, and support were identified and solutions to uphold their human rights were proffered. These solutions are based on the principles of social justice, inclusion, diversity, and equality.

Community Participation in the National Development Plan Through Primary Health Care

2022 ◽  
pp. 657-671
Author(s):  
Johannes Ntshilagane Mampane
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
National Development ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
National Development Plan ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Lgbt Community ◽  
Care Approach

The chapter explores and describes community participation in the National Development Plan through Primary Health Care by using case studies of LGBT organizations in South Africa. Post-Apartheid and democratic South Africa has endorsed community participation as one of the fundamental pillars of the public Primary Health Care approach in its governance structures. This chapter focuses on the current major health issue in South Africa, the HIV epidemic, which is one of the leading causes of death in the country. Particular attention is paid to members of the LGBT community because of their discrimination in public healthcare facilities on grounds of their sexual orientation. The chapter relies on secondary sources of data collection from extant literature, textbooks, journal articles, and internet sources. Challenges to address LGBT community discrimination in HIV testing, prevention, treatment, care, and support were identified and solutions to uphold their human rights were proffered. These solutions are based on the principles of social justice, inclusion, diversity, and equality.

scholarly journals Problem-Orientated Antenatal Notekeeping: A Useful Primary Health Care Tool

Curationis ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.V. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Antenatal Screening ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Risk Patients

It has recently been demonstrated that about 56 percent of patients delivering in a rural obstetric unit had significant risk factors, and that 85 percent of these could have been detected by meticulous antenatal screening before the onset of labour. These figures show that the average rural obstetric unit in South Africa is dealing with a large percentage of high risk patients. In this work, it is hampered by: 1. Communications problems: i.e. bad roads, long distances. and unpredictable telephones. 2. A serious shortage of medical staff resulting in primary obstetric care being delivered by midwives with minimal medical supervision.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial stewardship in rural and remote primary health care: a narrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wern Yau ◽  
Sze Mun Thor ◽  
Danny Tsai ◽  
Tobias Speare ◽  
Chris Rissel
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Inappropriate Prescribing ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Antimicrobial Prescribing ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Resistance Rates

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging problem worldwide and poses a significant threat to human health. Antimicrobial stewardship programmes are being implemented in health systems globally, primarily in hospitals, to address the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance. Despite the significance of primary health care services in providing health care to communities, antimicrobial stewardship programmes are not well established in this sector, especially in rural and remote settings. This narrative review aims to identify in rural and remote primary health care settings the (1) correlation of antimicrobial resistance with antibiotic prescribing and volume of antibiotic use, (2) appropriateness of antimicrobial prescribing, (3) risk factors associated with inappropriate use/prescribing of antibiotics, and (4) effective antimicrobial stewardship strategies. Methods The international literature was searched for English only articles between 2000 and 2020 using specified keywords. Seven electronic databases were searched: Scopus, Cochrane, Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, Ovid Medline and Ovid Emcare. Publication screening and analysis were conducted using Joanna Briggs Institute systematic review tools. Results Fifty-one eligible articles were identified. Inappropriate and excessive antimicrobial prescribing and use directly led to increases in antimicrobial resistance. Increasing rurality of practice is associated with disproportionally higher rates of inappropriate prescribing compared to those in metropolitan areas. Physician knowledge, attitude and behaviour play important roles in mediating antimicrobial prescribing, with strong intrinsic and extrinsic influences including patient factors. Antimicrobial stewardship strategies in rural and remote primary health care settings focus on health care provider and patient education, clinician support systems, utility of antimicrobial resistance surveillance, and policy changes. Results of these interventions were generally positive with decreased antimicrobial resistance rates and improved appropriateness of antimicrobial prescribing. Conclusions Inappropriate prescribing and excessive use of antimicrobials are an important contributor to the increasing resistance towards antimicrobial agents particularly in rural and remote primary health care. Antimicrobial stewardship programmes in the form of education, clinical support, surveillance, and policies have been mostly successful in reducing prescribing rates and inappropriate prescriptions. The narrative review highlighted the need for longer interventions to assess changes in antimicrobial resistance rates. The review also identified a lack of differentiation between rural and remote contexts and Indigenous health was inadequately addressed. Future research should have a greater focus on effective interventional components and patient perspectives.

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