scholarly journals A STUDY OF THE ORIENTATION OF THE SENSORY HAIRS OF THE RECEPTOR CELLS IN THE LATERAL LINE ORGAN OF FISH, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE FUNCTION OF THE RECEPTORS

1962 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Åke Flock ◽  
Jan Wersäll
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Teleost Fish ◽  
Receptor Cell ◽  
The Other ◽  
Receptor Cells ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Sensory Hairs ◽  
Crista Ampullaris ◽  
Functional Polarization ◽  
Line Organ

The morphology of the hair bundles on top of the receptor cells in the lateral line organ of the teleost fish Lota vulgaris is described. Each receptor cell shows a distinct morphological polarization. Two groups of receptor cells can be distingiushed, one consisting of cells polarized towards the head, the other consisting of cells polarized towards the tail. In the crista ampullaris all cells are polarized in the same direction. An hypothesis is proposed for the function of the receptor cells in the lateral line organ and the labyrinth based on a correlation of morphological and functional polarization.

scholarly journals Actin filaments in sensory hairs of inner ear receptor cells.

1977 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Flock ◽  
H C Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Receptor Cell ◽  
Cell Soma ◽  
Receptor Cells ◽  
Sensory Hairs ◽  
Crista Ampullaris ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Triton X

Receptor cells in the ear are excited through the bending of sensory hairs which project in a bundle from their surface. The individual stereocilia of a bundle contain filaments about 5 nm in diameter. The identity of these filaments has been investigated in the crista ampullaris of the frog and guinea pig by a technique of decoration with subfragment-1 of myosin (S-1). After demembranation with Triton X-100 and incubation with S-1, "arrowhead" formation was observed along the filaments of the stereocilia and their rootlets and also along filaments in the cuticular plate inside the receptor cell. The distance between attached S-1 was 35 nm and arrowheads pointed in towards the cell soma. It is concluded that the filaments of stereocilia are composed of actin.

scholarly journals THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE KINOCILIUM OF THE SENSORY CELLS IN THE INNER EAR AND LATERAL LINE ORGANS

1965 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Åke Flock ◽  
Arndt J. Duvall
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Basal Body ◽  
Teleost Fish ◽  
Receptor Cell ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Directional Sensitivity ◽  
Sensory Hairs ◽  
Basal Foot

The bundle of sensory hairs protruding from the top of each receptor cell in the vestibular and lateral line organs in the teleost fish (burbot) Lota vulgaris is composed of a number of stereocilia and one kinocilium located in the periphery of the bundle. The ultrastructure of the kinocilium and its basal body is described. It is found that the kinocilium is morphologically polarized by the asymmetric arrangement of its component fibers and of the basal body by the presence of a basal foot. Peripheral fibers 5 and 6 of the kinocilium and the basal foot of the basal body are oriented away from the stereocilia; that is, in a direction coinciding with the direction of excitatory stimulation. The findings are discussed in terms of directional sensitivity.

scholarly journals SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE FINE STRUCTURE OF THE LATERAL LINE ORGAN OF THE JAPANESE SEA EEL LYNCOZYMBA NYSTROMI

1965 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Hama
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Receptor Cell ◽  
Sensory Epithelium ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Supporting Cells ◽  
Lateral Line Nerve ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Line Organ

The fine structure of the lateral line organ of the Japanese sea eel Lyncozymba nystromi has been studied with the electron microscope. The sensory epithelium of the lateral line organ consists of a cluster of two major types of cells, the sensory hair cells and the supporting cells. The sensory cell is a slender element with a flat upper surface provided with sensory hairs, Two different types of synapses are distinguished on the basal surface of the receptor cell. The first type is an ending without vesicles and the second type is an ending with many vesicles. These are presumed to correspond to the afferent and the efferent innervations of the lateral line organ. The fine structure of the supporting cells and the morphological relationship between the supporting cells and the receptor cells were observed. The possible functions of the supporting cells are as follows: (a) mechanical and metabolic support for the receptor cell; (b) isolation of the individual receptor cell; (c) mucous secretion and probably cupula formation; (d) glial function for the intraepithelial nerve fibers. Both myelinated and unmyelinated fibers were found in the lateral line nerve. The mode of penetration of these fibers into the epithelium was observed.

Extracellular Receptor Potentials from the Lateral-Line Organ of Xenopus Laevis

1980 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-77
Author(s):  
ALFONS B. A. KROESE ◽  
JOHAN M. VAN DER ZALM ◽  
JOEP VAN DEN BERCKEN
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Water Displacement ◽  
Stimulus Amplitude ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Large Stimulus ◽  
Sensory Hair ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Line Organ

1. The response of the epidermal lateral-line organ of Xenopus laevis to stimulation was studied by recording extracellular receptor potentials from the hair cells in single neuromasts in isolated preparations. One neuromast was stimulated by local, sinusoidal water movements induced by a glass sphere positioned at a short distance from the neuromast. 2. The amplitudes of the extracellular receptor potentials were proportional to the stimulus amplitude over a range of 20 dB. The phase of the extracellular receptor potentials with respect to water displacement was independent of the stimulus amplitude. 3. With large stimulus amplitude, and stimulus frequencies between 0.5 Hz and 2 Hz, the extracellular receptor potentials, and responses of single afferent nerve fibres, showed a phase lead of 1.2 π radians with respect to water displacement, i.e. they were almost in phase with water acceleration. 4. It is concluded that under conditions of stimulation with small-amplitude water movements, the hair cells respond to sensory hair displacement, whereas under conditions of stimulation with large-amplitude water movements they respond to sensory hair velocity.

scholarly journals THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE SENSORY HAIRS AND ASSOCIATED ORGANELLES OF THE COCHLEAR INNER HAIR CELL, WITH REFERENCE TO DIRECTIONAL SENSITIVITY

1966 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arndt J. Duvall ◽  
Åke Flock ◽  
Jan Wersäll
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Hair Cell ◽  
Basal Body ◽  
Organ Of Corti ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Directional Sensitivity ◽  
Inner Hair Cell ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Sensory Hairs ◽  
Line Organ

From the apical end of the inner hair cell of the organ of Corti in the guinea pig cochlea protrude four to five rows of stereocilia shaped in a pattern not unlike the wings of a bird. In the area devoid of cuticular substance facing toward the tunnel of Corti lies a consistently present centriole. The ultrastructure of this centriole is similar to that of the basal body of the kinocilium located in the periphery of the sensory hair bundles in the vestibular and lateral line organ sensory cells and to that of the centrioles of other cells. The physiological implications of the anatomical orientation of this centriole are discussed in terms of directional sensitivity.

Electroreceptors and Direction Specific Arrangement in the Lateral Line System of Salamanders?

1981 ◽  
Vol 36 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 493-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Fritzsch
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Fiber Bundles ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Line System ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Posterior Lateral Line ◽  
Afferent Fibers ◽  
Lateral Line Afferents ◽  
Line Organ

Abstract The arrangement of the lateral line afferents of salamanders as revealed by transganglionic staining with horse­ radish peroxidase is described. Each lateral line organ is supplied by two fibers only. In the medulla these two afferent fibers run in separate fiber bundles. It is suggested, that only those fibers contacting lateral line sensory cells with the same polarity form together one bundle. Bundles formed by anterior or posterior lateral line afferents are also clearly separated. Beside the lateral line organs smaller pit organs are described. These organs are supplied by one afferent only which reveals an arrangement in the medulla different from that of the lateral line afferents. Based on anatomical facts, these small pit organs are considered to be electroreceptors. Centrifugally projecting neurons, most probably efferents, are described in the medulla.

scholarly journals Effects of neomycin on the lateral-line organ of the mudpuppy.

1979 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 374-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouichi SHIOZAWA ◽  
Keiji YANAGISAWA
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Line Organ

MATCHED PERIPHERAL FILTERING IN THE LATERAL LINE ORGAN AND RELATION TO TEMPERATURE

Bioacoustics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIETSE M. VAN NETTEN ◽  
J. ESTHER C. WIERSINGA-POST
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Line Organ

An Electronmicroscopic Study of the Lateral Line Organ of the Guppy,Poecilia reticulatusvar

1988 ◽  
Vol 105 (sup447) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Takashi Kanda ◽  
Toshio Yoshihara ◽  
Toshio Kaneko ◽  
Yuji Yaku ◽  
Osamu Hojiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Electronmicroscopic Study ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Line Organ
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