scholarly journals Local palmitoylation cycles define activity-regulated postsynaptic subdomains

2013 ◽  
Vol 202 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Fukata ◽  
Ariane Dimitrov ◽  
Gaelle Boncompain ◽  
Ole Vielemeyer ◽  
Franck Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Dendritic Spines ◽  
Recombinant Antibody ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Live Cell ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
Membrane Targeting ◽  
Resolution Imaging

Distinct PSD-95 clusters are primary landmarks of postsynaptic densities (PSDs), which are specialized membrane regions for synapses. However, the mechanism that defines the locations of PSD-95 clusters and whether or how they are reorganized inside individual dendritic spines remains controversial. Because palmitoylation regulates PSD-95 membrane targeting, we combined a conformation-specific recombinant antibody against palmitoylated PSD-95 with live-cell super-resolution imaging and discovered subsynaptic nanodomains composed of palmitoylated PSD-95 that serve as elementary units of the PSD. PSD-95 in nanodomains underwent continuous de/repalmitoylation cycles driven by local palmitoylating activity, ensuring the maintenance of compartmentalized PSD-95 clusters within individual spines. Plasma membrane targeting of DHHC2 palmitoyltransferase rapidly recruited PSD-95 to the plasma membrane and proved essential for postsynaptic nanodomain formation. Furthermore, changes in synaptic activity rapidly reorganized PSD-95 nano-architecture through plasma membrane–inserted DHHC2. Thus, the first genetically encoded antibody sensitive to palmitoylation reveals an instructive role of local palmitoylation machinery in creating activity-responsive PSD-95 nanodomains, contributing to the PSD (re)organization.

scholarly journals Switchable Solvatochromic Probes for Live‐Cell Super‐resolution Imaging of Plasma Membrane Organization

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 (42) ◽  
pp. 15062-15066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmytro I. Danylchuk ◽  
Seonah Moon ◽  
Ke Xu ◽  
Andrey S. Klymchenko
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Live Cell ◽  
Membrane Organization ◽  
Solvatochromic Probes ◽  
Resolution Imaging

scholarly journals Switchable Solvatochromic Probes for Live‐Cell Super‐resolution Imaging of Plasma Membrane Organization

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (42) ◽  
pp. 14920-14924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmytro I. Danylchuk ◽  
Seonah Moon ◽  
Ke Xu ◽  
Andrey S. Klymchenko
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Live Cell ◽  
Membrane Organization ◽  
Solvatochromic Probes ◽  
Resolution Imaging

Instant Live-Cell Super-Resolution Imaging of Cellular Structures by Nanoinjection of Fluorescent Probes

Nano Letters ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1374-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Hennig ◽  
Sebastian van de Linde ◽  
Martina Lummer ◽  
Matthias Simonis ◽  
Thomas Huser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Probes ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Live Cell ◽  
Cellular Structures ◽  
Resolution Imaging

Live-Cell Super-Resolution Imaging with Synthetic Fluorophores

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 519-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian van de Linde ◽  
Mike Heilemann ◽  
Markus Sauer
Keyword(s):  
Super Resolution ◽  
Live Cell ◽  
Resolution Imaging

scholarly journals C. elegans neurons have functional dendritic spines

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Cuentas-Condori ◽  
Ben Mulcahy ◽  
Siwei He ◽  
Sierra Palumbos ◽  
Mei Zhen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Dendritic Spines ◽  
Live Cell Imaging ◽  
Cell Imaging ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Live Cell ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Spine Density ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Spine Function

Dendritic spines are specialized postsynaptic structures that transduce presynaptic signals, are regulated by neural activity and correlated with learning and memory. Most studies of spine function have focused on the mammalian nervous system. However, spine-like protrusions have been reported in C. elegans (Philbrook et al., 2018), suggesting that the experimental advantages of smaller model organisms could be exploited to study the biology of dendritic spines. Here, we used super-resolution microscopy, electron microscopy, live-cell imaging and genetics to show that C. elegans motor neurons have functional dendritic spines that: (1) are structurally defined by a dynamic actin cytoskeleton; (2) appose presynaptic dense projections; (3) localize ER and ribosomes; (4) display calcium transients triggered by presynaptic activity and propagated by internal Ca++ stores; (5) respond to activity-dependent signals that regulate spine density. These studies provide a solid foundation for a new experimental paradigm that exploits the power of C. elegans genetics and live-cell imaging for fundamental studies of dendritic spine morphogenesis and function.

scholarly journals More than a mere supply of monomers: G-Actin pools regulate actin dynamics in dendritic spines

2017 ◽  
Vol 216 (8) ◽  
pp. 2255-2257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Schlett
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Dendritic Spines ◽  
Actin Polymerization ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
Actin Dynamics ◽  
Actin Monomer ◽  
Cell Biol ◽  
Local Enrichment

Synaptic activity reshapes the morphology of dendritic spines via regulating F-actin arborization. In this issue, Lei et al. (2017. J. Cell Biol. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201612042) reports a novel, G-actin–dependent regulation of actin polymerization within spine heads. They show that actin monomer levels are elevated in spines upon activity, with G-actin immobilized by the local enrichment of phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate (PIP3) within the spine plasma membrane.

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