scholarly journals ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF STRUCTURAL DETAIL IN FROZEN BIOLOGICAL SPECIMENS

1957 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell L. Steere
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Plant Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Turnip Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Structural Detail ◽  
Hexagonal Packing

A procedure is described whereby preshadowed replicas can be obtained from frozen biological specimens which have been cut and then etched by sublimation of the ice from their surfaces. Electron micrographs showing details of the internal structure of plant virus crystals are presented to demonstrate the values of the procedure. Crystals of purified tobacco ringspot virus and squash mosaic virus and some portions of turnip yellow mosaic virus crystals have been shown to exhibit hexagonal packing. Sections through in situ crystals of tobacco mosaic virus show the rods to be parallel within each layer and arranged in a square net as viewed end on. Individual rods in each layer of the latter measure 300 mµ in length and are somewhat tilted with respect to the rods of adjacent layers. This results in the formation of a herring-bone appearance when a crystal is cut perpendicular to its hexagonal face. It is suggested that the procedure outlined here might well serve to supplement other procedures for the preparation of many cytological specimens for electron microscopy.

Die Bedeutung der Proteinhülle für die Wirtsspezifität von Pflanzenviren

1963 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evamarie Sander ◽  
G. Schramm
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Natural Host ◽  
The Other ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Turnip Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Protein Coat

The infectivity of the complete virus and of the free ribonucleic acid was determined for tobacco mosaic virus and for turnip yellow mosaic virus. The natural host and the host of the other virus were used reciprocally. The protein coat of the complete virus enhances the infectivity in comparison to the free RNA only in the host to which the virus is adapted.

A note on the electron microscopy of the turnip yellow mosaic virus

Parasitology ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 43 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 191-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Turnip Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Hollow Particles ◽  
Brassica Chinensis ◽  
Virus Particles

An attempt to differentiate by means of the electron microscope between particles of the top and bottom components of the turnip yellow mosaic virus is described. Since the particles of the top component are thought to be hollow spheres, it might be expected that they would collapse after drying and thus throw a smaller shadow than the particles of the bottom component which are thought to have a more solid centre. No difference could be perceived between the two types of particle, so that the apparently hollow particles can withstand the effect of drying without collapsing.Sections were cut of leaves of Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis) and particles were observed inside the cells which could conceivably be virus particles.

In situ breakage of turnip yellow mosaic virus rna and in situ aggregation of the fragments

Virology ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bosch ◽  
E.M.T. Bonnet-Smits ◽  
J. van Duin
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Turnip Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Rna

scholarly journals Evaluation of Seed Transmission of Turnip yellow mosaic virus and Tobacco mosaic virus in Arabidopsis thaliana

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 1233-1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. de Assis Filho ◽  
J. L. Sherwood
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Turnip Yellow Mosaic Virus

The mechanism of virus transmission through seed was studied in Arabidopsis thaliana infected with Turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV) and Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Serological and biological tests were conducted to identify the route by which the viruses reach the seed and subsequently are located in the seed. Both TYMV and TMV were detected in seed from infected plants, however only TYMV was seed-transmitted. This is the first report of transmission of TYMV in seed of A. thaliana. Estimating virus seed transmission by grow-out tests was more accurate than enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay due to the higher frequency of antigen in the seed coat than in the embryo. Virus in the seed coat did not lead to seedling infection. Thus, embryo invasion is necessary for seed transmission of TYMV in A. thaliana. Crosses between healthy and virus-infected plants indicated that TYMV from either the female or the male parent could invade the seed. Conversely, invasion from maternal tissue was the only route for TMV to invade the seed. Pollination of flowers on healthy A. thaliana with pollen from TYMV-infected plants did not result in systemic infection of healthy plants, despite TYMV being carried by pollen to the seed.

Electron microscopy of turnip yellow mosaic virus and the associated abnormal protein

Virology ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Cosentino ◽  
Kenneth Paigen ◽  
Russell L. Steere
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Turnip Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Abnormal Protein
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