scholarly journals Glucocorticoids modulate the in vitro development of the embryonic rat pancreas.

1977 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Rall ◽  
R Pictet ◽  
S Githens ◽  
W J Rutter
Keyword(s):  
Cell Replication ◽  
Zymogen Granules ◽  
Pancreatic Development ◽  
Constant Degree ◽  
Embryonic Pancreas ◽  
Exocrine Products ◽  
Lipase A ◽  
Secretory Products ◽  
Vitro Development

The effect of the glucocorticoid analogue, dexamethasone, on the development of the embryonic pancreas was studied in tissue culture. It specifically enhances the accumulation of exocrine enzymes without altering the level of general cell proteins. The enhancement, however, is not symmetrical: the cellular levels of the two major exocrine products, amylase and chymotrypsinogen, are increased about 10- and 2-fold, respectively. Two other zymogens that are present in minor quantities, procarboxypeptidases A and B, are also increased, whereas no effect is seen on lipase A. Coordinate with these effects on synthesis, there is a dramatic change in the morphology of dexamethasone-stimulated acinar cells. Their number of zymogen granules is higher and crystalline arrays are found in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Dexamethasone also inhibits cell replication, perhaps by selectively inhibiting the last cell divisions of the culture period. At the same time, there is a disproportionate reduction in the insulin content of cultured rudiments. We find that pancreatic development is normal in the absence of dexamethasone and that this glucocorticoid does not precociously induce the appearance of the specific secretory products, but rather enhances by a constant degree their synthesis and accumulation. Therefore, we conclude that glucocorticoids may play a modulatory but not an inductive role in pancreatic development.

scholarly journals Proteins synthesized and secreted during rat pancreatic development.

1980 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 784-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
G A Van Nest ◽  
R J MacDonald ◽  
R K Raman ◽  
W J Rutter
Keyword(s):  
Adult Stage ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Secretory Proteins ◽  
Zymogen Granules ◽  
Protein Patterns ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pancreatic Development ◽  
Embryonic Tissues ◽  
Embryonic Pancreas

The synthesis and secretion of proteins during development of the pancreas was analyzed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The pattern of synthesis of the total proteins of the pancreas was found to change very little from 14 to 18 d gestation. In addition, the protein synthetic pattern of the embryonic pancreas was very similar to the protein patterns of several other embryonic tissues (gut, lung, and mesenchyme). Between 18 d gestation and the adult stage, the synthesis of the majority of protein species fades as the synthesis of the secretory (pro)enzymes becomes dominant. Thus, the terminal differentiation of the pancreas appears to involve the dominant expression of a limited set of genes (coding, in part, for the digestive [pro]enzymes) while the pattern of expression of the remaining domain remains relatively unchanged. Many of the secretory (pro)enzymes were identified and their synthesis during development was monitored. The synthesis of several secretory proteins was detected between 15 and 18 d gestation (e.g., amylase and chymotrypsinogen), whereas the synthesis of others was not detected until after 18 d gestation (i.e., trypsinogen, ribonuclease, proelastase, and lipase). Between 18 d gestation and the adult stage, the synthesis of the digestive (pro)enzymes increases to > 90% of pancreatic protein synthesis. The secretion of digestive (pro)enzymes was detected as early as 15 d gestation. The selective release of a second set of proteins was detected in the early embryo. These proteins are not detected in the adult pancreas or in zymogen granules but are also released by several other embryonic tissues. The function of this set of proteins is unknown.

In vitro development of human triploid zygotes reconstructed by pronuclear transfer

2002 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. S180-S181
Author(s):  
John Zhang ◽  
Yi Ming Shu ◽  
Lewis C Krey ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Guang Lun Zhuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Development ◽  
Pronuclear Transfer ◽  
Vitro Development

scholarly journals A rapid, parasite-dependent cellular response to Dirofilaria immitis in the Mongolian jird (Meriones unguiculatus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher C. Evans ◽  
Katherine M. Day ◽  
Yi Chu ◽  
Bridget Garner ◽  
Kaori Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Response ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Filarial Parasite ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Secretory Products ◽  
Species Specific

Abstract Background The Mongolian jird (Meriones unguiculatus) has long been recognized as a permissive host for the filarial parasite Brugia malayi; however, it is nonpermissive to another filarial parasite, canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis). By elucidating differences in the early response to infection, we sought to identify mechanisms involved in the species-specific clearance of these parasites. We hypothesized that the early clearance of D. immitis in intraperitoneal infection of the jird is immune mediated and parasite species dependent. Methods Jird peritoneal exudate cells (PECs) were isolated and their attachment to parasite larvae assessed in vitro under various conditions: D. immitis and B. malayi cultured separately, co-culture of both parasites, incubation before addition of cells, culture of heat-killed parasites, and culture with PECs isolated from jirds with mature B. malayi infection. The cells attaching to larvae were identified by immunohistochemistry. Results In vitro cell attachment to live D. immitis was high (mean = 99.6%) while much lower for B. malayi (mean = 5.56%). This species-specific attachment was also observed when both filarial species were co-cultured, with no significant change from controls (U(9, 14) = 58.5, p = 0.999). When we replicated these experiments with PECs derived from jirds subcutaneously infected with B. malayi, the results were similar (99.4% and 4.72% of D. immitis and B. malayi, respectively, exhibited cell attachment). Heat-killing the parasites significantly reduced cell attachment to D. immitis (mean = 71.9%; U(11, 14) = 7.5, p < 0.001) while increasing attachment to B. malayi (mean = 16.7%; U(9, 15) = 20, p = 0.002). Cell attachment to both species was reduced when larvae were allowed a 24-h pre-incubation period prior to the addition of cells. The attaching cells were identified as macrophages by immunohistochemistry. Conclusions These results suggest a strongly species-dependent response from which B. malayi could not confer protection by proxy in co-culture. The changes in cell attachment following heat-killing and pre-incubation suggest a role for excretory/secretory products in host immune evasion and/or antigenicity. The nature of this attachment is the subject of ongoing study and may provide insight into filarial host specificity.

Gallic acid promotes the in vitro development of sheep secondary isolated follicles involving the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway

2021 ◽  
pp. 106767
Author(s):  
Gizele A.L. Silva ◽  
Luana B. Araújo ◽  
Larissa C.R. Silva ◽  
Bruna B. Gouveia ◽  
Ricássio S. Barberino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase ◽  
In Vitro Development ◽  
Vitro Development ◽  
Kinase Pathway ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3

scholarly journals Necrostatin-1 Supplementation to Islet Tissue Culture Enhances the In-Vitro Development and Graft Function of Young Porcine Islets

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8367
Author(s):  
Hien Lau ◽  
Shiri Li ◽  
Nicole Corrales ◽  
Samuel Rodriguez ◽  
Mohammadreza Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Oxygen Consumption Rate ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
In Vitro Development ◽  
Porcine Islets ◽  
Vitro Development

Pre-weaned porcine islets (PPIs) represent an unlimited source for islet transplantation but are functionally immature. We previously showed that necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) immediately after islet isolation enhanced the in vitro development of PPIs. Here, we examined the impact of Nec-1 on the in vivo function of PPIs after transplantation in diabetic mice. PPIs were isolated from pancreata of 8–15-day-old, pre-weaned pigs and cultured in media alone, or supplemented with Nec-1 (100 µM) on day 0 or on day 3 of culture (n = 5 for each group). On day 7, islet recovery, viability, oxygen consumption rate, insulin content, cellular composition, insulin secretion capacity, and transplant outcomes were evaluated. While islet viability and oxygen consumption rate remained high throughout 7-day tissue culture, Nec-1 supplementation on day 3 significantly improved islet recovery, insulin content, endocrine composition, GLUT2 expression, differentiation potential, proliferation capacity of endocrine cells, and insulin secretion. Adding Nec-1 on day 3 of tissue culture enhanced the islet recovery, proportion of delta cells, beta-cell differentiation and proliferation, and stimulation index. In vivo, this leads to shorter times to normoglycemia, better glycemic control, and higher circulating insulin. Our findings identify the novel time-dependent effects of Nec-1 supplementation on porcine islet quantity and quality prior to transplantation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document