scholarly journals MATURATION OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE IN VITRO

1972 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto J. L. Macario ◽  
Everly Conway de Macario ◽  
Claudio Franceschi ◽  
Franco Celada
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Association Constant ◽  
Secondary Response ◽  
Antibody Specificity ◽  
Affinity Selection ◽  
Immune Response In Vitro ◽  
Selection Of

We have cultivated lymph node microfragments from ß-D-galactosidase (Escherichia coli) primed rabbits and have measured their secondary response directed towards the whole molecule (precipitating antibodies) and to a single determinant (activating antibodies) of the antigen. By decreasing the size of the fragments to 105 cells, we began to observe heterogeneity among identical cultures in terms of positivity of response, antibody specificity, and titers. The affinity of "early" activating antibodies was inversely proportional to the dose of challenge. While no maturation was seen in low and excessive challenge, in all cultures receiving intermediate doses the association constant was raised several orders of magnitude within periods of 20 days. The relevance of these data to the mechanism of affinity selection of antigen-sensitive cells is discussed.

Mesenteric Lymph Node Tγδ Cells Induced by Gastrectomy in Mice Suppress Cell-Mediated Immune Response In Vitro via Released TGF-β

2007 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Gryglewski ◽  
Pawel Majcher ◽  
Krzysztof Bryniarski ◽  
Stanislaw Konturek ◽  
Maria Ptak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Node ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response ◽  
Immune Response In Vitro

scholarly journals STAT3 Knockdown in B16 Melanoma by siRNA Lipopolyplexes Induces Bystander Immune Response In Vitro and In Vivo

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aws Alshamsan ◽  
Samar Hamdy ◽  
Azita Haddadi ◽  
John Samuel ◽  
Ayman O.S. El-Kadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
B16 Melanoma ◽  
Immune Response In Vitro

scholarly journals Recombinant protein of Haemonchus contortus small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (HcARF1) modulate the cell mediated immune response in vitro

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (68) ◽  
pp. 112211-112221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javaid Ali Gadahi ◽  
Muhammad Ehsan ◽  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Zhenchao Zhang ◽  
Ruofeng Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Small Gtpase ◽  
Adp Ribosylation ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response ◽  
Adp Ribosylation Factor ◽  
Immune Response In Vitro

W1612 Apical Exposure of Intestinal Epithelial Cells to Lactobacilli But Not Bifidobacteria Enhances the Effector Immune Response In Vitro

2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. A-702
Author(s):  
Els van Hoffen ◽  
Nicoline M. Korthagen ◽  
Sander de Kivit ◽  
Bastiaan Schouten ◽  
Bart Bardoel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Effector Immune Response ◽  
Immune Response In Vitro

scholarly journals In VivoTransmission of an IncA/C Plasmid in Escherichia coli Depends on Tetracycline Concentration, and Acquisition of the Plasmid Results in a Variable Cost of Fitness

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 3561-3570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Johnson ◽  
Randall S. Singer ◽  
Richard E. Isaacson ◽  
Jessica L. Danzeisen ◽  
Kevin Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Dose Administration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTIncA/C plasmids are broad-host-range plasmids enabling multidrug resistance that have emerged worldwide among bacterial pathogens of humans and animals. Although antibiotic usage is suspected to be a driving force in the emergence of such strains, few studies have examined the impact of different types of antibiotic administration on the selection of plasmid-containing multidrug resistant isolates. In this study, chlortetracycline treatment at different concentrations in pig feed was examined for its impact on selection and dissemination of an IncA/C plasmid introduced orally via a commensalEscherichia colihost. Continuous low-dose administration of chlortetracycline at 50 g per ton had no observable impact on the proportions of IncA/C plasmid-containingE. colifrom pig feces over the course of 35 days. In contrast, high-dose administration of chlortetracycline at 350 g per ton significantly increased IncA/C plasmid-containingE. coliin pig feces (P< 0.001) and increased movement of the IncA/C plasmid to other indigenousE. colihosts. There was no evidence of conjugal transfer of the IncA/C plasmid to bacterial species other thanE. coli.In vitrocompetition assays demonstrated that bacterial host background substantially impacted the cost of IncA/C plasmid carriage inE. coliandSalmonella.In vitrotransfer and selection experiments demonstrated that tetracycline at 32 μg/ml was necessary to enhance IncA/C plasmid conjugative transfer, while subinhibitory concentrations of tetracyclinein vitrostrongly selected for IncA/C plasmid-containingE. coli. Together, these experiments improve our knowledge on the impact of differing concentrations of tetracycline on the selection of IncA/C-type plasmids.

scholarly journals Polystyrene nanoplastics accumulate in ZFL cell lysosomes and in zebrafish larvae after acute exposure, inducing a synergistic immune response in vitro without affecting larval survival in vivo

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 2410-2422
Author(s):  
Irene Brandts ◽  
Marlid Garcia-Ordoñez ◽  
Lluis Tort ◽  
Mariana Teles ◽  
Nerea Roher
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Acute Exposure ◽  
Zebrafish Larvae ◽  
Lethal Infection ◽  
Zebrafish Liver ◽  
Immune Response In Vitro

Polystyrene nanoplastics are internalized in zebrafish liver cells, accumulating in lysosomes, and in zebrafish larvae but do not affect the larval suvival to a lethal infection.

scholarly journals Can levamisole upregulate the equine cell‐mediated macrophage (M1) dendritic cell (DC1) T‐helper 1 (CD4 Th1) T‐cytotoxic (CD8) immune response in vitro?

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 889-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Witonsky ◽  
Virginia Buechner‐Maxwell ◽  
Amy Santonastasto ◽  
Robert Pleasant ◽  
Stephen Werre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
Immune Response In Vitro

scholarly journals MACROPHAGE-LYMPHOCYTE CLUSTERS IN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO SOLUBLE PROTEIN ANTIGEN IN VITRO

1974 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. 1245-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Werdelin ◽  
Otto Brændstrup ◽  
Eskild Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
Antigen Binding ◽  
Purified Protein Derivative ◽  
Cell Clusters ◽  
Immune Lymphocytes

We have studied the physical interaction between macrophages and lymphocytes during the immune response to purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) in vitro. Mixtures of peritoneal macrophages and lymph node lymphocytes from guinea pigs immunized with tubercle bacilli formed cell clusters during 20 h of culture with PPD. The number of clusters produced was correlated to the number of immune lymphocytes in the cultures. Peritoneal macrophages which had been pulsed with PPD and untreated lymph node lymphocytes produced cell clusters in the absence of free PPD in numbers equivalent to those produced by the same cells in the presence of free PPD. In cultures containing a mixture of PPD-pulsed macrophages, not-pulsed macrophages, and immune lymphocytes with no free PPD, cell clusters developed mainly between the antigen-pulsed macrophages and lymphocytes. Cluster formation was antigen-specific with the specificity residing in the lymphocytes, mainly or exclusively in the T lymphocytes. These data indicate that in the process of cell cluster formation macrophages serve as antigen-binding (or -processing) cells, while a subpopulation of lymphocytes interact physically and specifically with the macrophages.

Abstract C056: MIV-818 stimulates an antitumor immune response in vitro and enhances the effects of pembrolizumab

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik G Oberg ◽  
Karin Tunblad ◽  
Ana Slipicevic ◽  
Richard Bethell ◽  
Mark R Albertella
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Antitumor Immune Response ◽  
Immune Response In Vitro
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