Moesin as a prognostic indicator of lung adenocarcinoma improves prognosis by enhancing immune lymphocyte infiltration

Background Ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) have been explored in many cancer processes. Moesin, as its component, has also been found to play an important role in the prognosis of cancer patients, tumor metastasis, drug resistance, and others. Especially in regulating the immunity, but most results came from direct studies on immune cells, there is no clear conclusion on whether moesin has similar effects in tumor cells. And moesin has certain research results in many cancers in other aspects, but there are few about moesin in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods We detect the expression of moesin in 82 LUAD and matched normal tissue samples by immunohistochemistry. Besides, for the pathological feature, we did a detailed statistical analysis. And with the help of various databases, we have done in-depth exploration of moesin’s ability to enhance the extent of immune lymphocyte infiltration. Results Moesin is a poor expression in lung cancer tissues than the corresponding normal samples. And this phenomenon had a strongly associated with the prognosis and TNM stage of these LUAD patients. Moesin can enhance the infiltration of multiple immune lymphocytes in lung cancer. And this may be related to the interaction between moesin and various inflammatory molecules. Conclusions Moesin is a newly index for the prognosis of LUAD and improves the prognosis of LUAD patients by regulating a variety of inflammation-related molecules to enhance immune lymphocytes infiltration.

Regulatory Innate Lymphoid Cells: A new subset of innate immune lymphocytes with more potential functions to be discovered in immune regulation

Regulatory innate lymphoid cells (ILCregs) are a newly identified subset of innate immune lymphocytes. The discovery of this subset cell has revealed several inhibitory and stimulatory pathways that affect the regulatory functions of ILCregs, in addition to miRNA and other genetic molecular regulations. These pathways may play important roles in the pathogenesis and potential immunotherapy in patients with different kind of diseases, such as inflammation and ischemia / reperfusion injury of the kidney, acute myeloid leukemia, through immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory pathway, as well as miRNA regulations. Further studies on ILCregs may be a potentially high interest in the near future.

THE CHANGES IN CLONES OF ANTIGENEREACTIVE IMMUNE LYMPHOCYTES TO DIFFERENT MICROORGANISMS DURING PARODONTITIS

The activation of clones of immune lymphocytes to streptococci takes place at parodontitis. The number of noted lymphocytes significantly increases in the blood of patients with parodontitis as compared to healthy persons having intact parodontium (12.7±0.3 versus 3.87±0.32, P<0.001). At various forms of parodontitis the growth of antigenreactive lymphocytes is expressed with different degrees. Particularly sharp increase is observed during severe forms of parodontitis as compared to average and light forms (the number of antigenereactive lymphocytes to streptococci in the blood respectively made up 16.9±0.59, 12.8±0.23, 9.5±0.27, P<0.001). As to immune lymphocytes to staphylococci and actinomycete, their activation was not revealed at parodontitis. The quantitative indices of the noted clones of lympho- cytes in the blood did not essentially differ from analogical indices of healthy individuals (an average amount of immune lymphocytes to staphylococci and fungi made up 4.3±0.26 and 3.84±0.29, P<0.05 as compared to healthy individuals). Thus, the increase of number of lymphocytes having receptors to streptococci in the blood has been first established at parodontitis and its intensity was in direct correlation to the degree of the generalization of the process. Proceeding from the aforesaid, it is possible to think that the leukocytes accumulated as a result of chemotaxis in response to microbial aggression in the inflammatory focus, developed in the tissues of parodontium, especially neutrophils and macrophages induce the disorganization of streptococci and their antigens, including the release of antigens common to the tissues of the organism, followed by the development of reciprocal protective and destructive immune processes.