scholarly journals Mixed lymphocyte culture determinants and C2 deficiency: LD-7a associated with C2 deficiency in four families.

1975 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Fu ◽  
R Stern ◽  
H G Kunkel ◽  
B Dupont ◽  
J A Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Mixed Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Major Histocompatibility ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Lymphocyte Cultures ◽  
Tentative Evidence ◽  
Mixed Lymphocyte Cultures ◽  
C2 Deficiency

Four families with C2 deficiency were studied. Among eight HL-A haplotypes involved with C2 deficiency, five were HL-A 10,W18. Three homozygotes for C2 deficiency from different families were mutually nonreactive in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC) and the heterozygotes from the fourth family failed to react to the homozygous cells. It appeared that identical MLC determinants were associated with all the genes from the different families that related to C2 deficiency. Further experiments identified the MLC determinant, LD-7a, as being involved. These results suggest marked linkage disequilibrium between the genes for C2 deficiency and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Studies of possible recombinants have offered tentative evidence for the positioning of the locus for C2 deficiency with respect to other segments of the MHC.

scholarly journals CELL-MEDIATED LYMPHOLYSIS

1973 ◽  
Vol 137 (5) ◽  
pp. 1303-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Alter ◽  
Dolores J. Schendel ◽  
Marilyn L. Bach ◽  
Fritz H. Bach ◽  
Jan Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Target Cell ◽  
Effector Cell ◽  
Mixed Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Mouse Spleen ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Region Difference ◽  
Mediate Cell

The cell-mediated lympholytic capability of mouse spleen cells stimulated in mixed lymphocyte culture is related to the major histocompatibility complex genotype on target lymphocytes. The strain combinations AQR-B10. T(6R) and B10.A(4R)-B10.A(2R) that result in significant mixed lymphocyte culture activation do not mediate cell-mediated lympholysis on sensitizing target lymphocytes; serologically defined regions (H-2K and H-2D) are identical within each combination. H-2K or H-2D region disparity alone does not cause cell-mediated lympholysis. However after mixed lymphocyte culture activation as seen with B10.A-B10.T(6R), a target cell bearing only an H-2K region difference from the effector cell is sensitive to cell-mediated lympholysis. Likewise an H-2D region difference is an adequate target after mixed lymphocyte culture activation of the effector cell in the combination B10.A(2R)-B10.D2.

Major histocompatibility complex class II haplotypes and linkage disequilibrium values observed in the CEPH families

1994 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Carrington ◽  
J Claiborne Stephens ◽  
William Klitz ◽  
Ann B Begovich ◽  
Henry A Erlich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Major Histocompatibility Complex Class ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Complex Class ◽  
Major Histocompatibility ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex

Effect of Donor-Specific Transfusions on Renal Transplantation in Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-405
Author(s):  
Donald Potter ◽  
Marvin Garovoy ◽  
Susan Hopper ◽  
Paul Terasaki ◽  
Oscar Salvatierra
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Mixed Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Blood Transfusions ◽  
Lymphocyte Cultures ◽  
Mixed Lymphocyte Cultures ◽  
Related Donor ◽  
The Difference

Most family members who are evaluated as kidney donors for children have high reactivity in a mixed lymphocyte culture test and are thus excluded from donation. Fifty children, most of whom had highly reactive mixed lymphocyte cultures with their donors, were challenged with three blood transfusions from their donors before transplantation and were tested for the development of lymphocytotoxic antibodies. Ten children (20%) became sensitized and had a positive T-cell or B-cell crossmatch. Sensitization occurred less frequently in children treated with azathioprine during donor-specific transfusions (11%) than in those not treated (26%), but the difference was not significant. Thirty-seven children received renal transplants from their blood donors after the donor-specific transfusions. There were no deaths, and only two patients had kidney failure. Actuarial kidney survival was 93% after 6 years. The use of donor-specific transfusion has increased the number of related-donor transplants performed and the results have been highly successful.

scholarly journals Cellular basis of neonatal induction of in vitro tolerance.

1976 ◽  
Vol 143 (6) ◽  
pp. 1545-1550 ◽  
Author(s):  
O J Kuperman ◽  
F H Bach
Keyword(s):  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Mixed Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Proliferative Phase ◽  
Helper Cells ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Induction Of Tolerance

The LD and SD antigens of the major histocompatibility complex subserve differential roles in the induction of the proliferative phase in mixed lymphocyte culture and in the cytotoxic reaction seen in cell-mediated lympholysis. The present study suggests that they also behave differently in the neonatal induction of tolerance. SD antigens appear to induce tolerance in the cytotoxic T lymphocytes very effectively, whereas LD antigens (or the cytotoxic targets coded by genes in the I and/or S regions) are relatively ineffective in this regard. LD antigens presented neonatally are effective at inducing tolerance in the proliferating helper cells.

scholarly journals Addition of exogenous cytokines in mixed lymphocyte culture for selecting related donors for bone marrow transplantation

2002 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
Jeane Eliete Laguila Visentainer ◽  
Sofia Rocha Lieber ◽  
Lígia Beatriz Lopes Persoli ◽  
Afonso Celso Vigorito ◽  
Francisco José Penteado Aranha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Recipient Cell ◽  
Mixed Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Unrelated Control ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lymphocyte Cultures ◽  
Mixed Lymphocyte Cultures

CONTEXT: Mixed lymphocyte culturing has led to conflicting opinions regarding the selection of donors for bone marrow transplantation. The association between a positive mixed lymphocyte culture and the development of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is unclear. The use of exogenous cytokines in mixed lymphocyte cultures could be an alternative for increasing the sensitivity of culture tests. OBJECTIVE: To increase the sensitivity of mixed lymphocyte cultures between donor and recipient human leukocyte antigen (HLA) identical siblings, using exogenous cytokines, in order to predict post-transplantation GVHD and/or rejection. TYPE OF STUDY: Prospective study. SETTING: Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. PARTICIPANTS: Seventeen patients with hematological malignancies and their respective donors selected for bone marrow transplantation procedures. PROCEDURES: Standard and modified mixed lymphocyte culturing by cytokine supplementation was carried out using donor and recipient cells typed for HLA. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Autologous and allogenic responses in mixed lymphocyte cultures after the addition of IL-4 or IL-2. RESULTS: In comparison with the standard method, average responses in the modified mixed lymphocyte cultures increased by a factor of 2.0 using IL-4 (p < 0.001) and 6.4 using IL-2 (p < 0.001), for autologous donor culture responses. For donor-versus-recipient culture responses, the increase was by a factor of 1.9 using IL-4 (p < 0.001) and 4.1 using IL-2 (p < 0.001). For donor-versus-unrelated culture responses, no significant increase was observed using IL-4, and a mean response inhibition of 20% was observed using IL-2 (p < 0.001). Neither of the cytokines produced a significant difference in the unrelated control versus recipient cell responses. CONCLUSION: IL-4 supplementation was the best for increasing the mixed lymphocyte culture sensitivity. However, IL-4 also increased autologous responses, albeit less intensively than IL-2. Thus, with this loss of specificity we believe that it is not worth modifying the traditional mixed lymphocyte culture method, even with IL-4 addition.

scholarly journals Association of low C2 and C4 serum levels with the HLA-DW2 allele in healthy individuals.

1978 ◽  
Vol 148 (3) ◽  
pp. 704-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Nerl ◽  
H Grosse-Wilde ◽  
G Valet
Keyword(s):  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Major Histocompatibility ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex

HLA typed unrelated healthy individuals (HLA-DW2 positive n = 64, and HLA-DW2 negative n = 72) were investigated for their C2 functional activity and C4 serum protein levels. For the C2 and C4 levels a bimodal distribution was found in HLA-DW2 positive and HLA-DW2 negative individuals. HLA-DW2 positive persons had a significantly higher incidence of low C2 and C4 serum levels. Our data support the concept that genes governing C2 as well as C4 serum levels are in linkage disequilibrium with the HLA-DW2 allele of the major histocompatibility complex.

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