scholarly journals RENAL EFFECTS OF HEMOGLOBIN INFUSIONS IN DOGS IN HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK

1947 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 477-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul B. Hamilton ◽  
Alma Hiller ◽  
Donald D. Van Slyke
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
General Condition ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Blood Substitute ◽  
Urea Clearance ◽  
Hemoglobin Solution ◽  
Renal Effects

The immediate effects of treating hemorrhagic shock in dogs by replacing lost blood with 7 per cent hemoglobin solution were favorable, both on renal function and on general condition. However, subsequent transitory depression of the urea clearance for several days, shown by some of the treated animals, but not by untreated bled controls, indicates sufficient possibility of renal damage by the hemoglobin solution to prevent its recommendation at present as a blood substitute.

Abstract 4030: Resuscitation with Intraosseous Infusion of Artificial Oxygen Carrier of Liposome-Encapsulated Hemoglobin (LHb) from Lethal Hemorrhagic Shock and Its Effect on Cytokines

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonpei Takase ◽  
Satoshi Shono ◽  
Manabu Kinoshita ◽  
Yashiro Nogami ◽  
Yoshitaka Ogata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Oxygen Carrier ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Blood Substitute ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Artificial Oxygen Carrier

Liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin (LHb), which is structurally similar to red blood cells (RBC) except smaller size (250 nm), can serve as blood substitute comparable to RBC. We have reported that intraosseous blood infusion (IOI) is effective treatment in shock mice model. IOI is alternative to peripheral i.v. infusion and is expected as an important field treatment in civilian emergency because of no collapse of intramedullary blood vessels in the bone marrow in shock. However, we did not evaluate the side effects of LHb in IOI. Total 70% hemorrhagic shock was induced by femoral vein bleeding. Immediately after bleeding, 17 mice were resuscitated with tibial bone IOI of 5% albumin (5% albumin), 18 mice resuscitated with mouse-washed RBC (Wash RBC) and 14 mice resuscitated with LHb (LHb-group). Survival rates were compared and the temporal changes in cytokins (TNF, INFγ) as well as liver and renal function (s-ALT, s-creatinine) were measured. All mice survived 48 h after IOI of LHb whereas only 47% and 45% mice survived in 5% albumin and Wash RBC, respectively (Fig. 1 ). The changes in TNF and INFγlevels after IOI were not statistically different among 3 groups (Fig. 2 ) and no side effects were found on liver and renal function.. Conclusions: LHb has a better anti-shock effect than RBC by using IOI probably due to smaller size and IOI of LHb could be useful in disaster medicine. In addition, IOI of LHb shows no significant effects on cytokins, liver and renal function. Figure 1 Figure 2

Evaluation of Renal Function During Childhood

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
Bassam A. Atiyeh ◽  
Shermine S. Dabbagh ◽  
Alan B. Gruskin
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Urinary Concentration ◽  
Urine Collection ◽  
Limited Capacity ◽  
Urea Clearance ◽  
Schwartz Formula ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Plasma Creatinine Concentration

There are several methods to evaluate renal function during childhood. The use of serum creatinine, either alone or in combination with the Schwartz formula, is reliable and quick, but requires knowledge of conceptual age. A plasma creatinine concentration of 88.4 µmol/L (1.0 mg/dL), for example, represents normal renal function in an adolescent but more than 50% loss of renal function in a 5-year-old child. A timed urine collection for creatinine clearance is another evaluative method, but the adequacy of the urine collection always should be determined first. Urea clearance rarely is used to measure GFR because of the complex factors that influence urea excreation. Measurement of the disappearance of radioactive-labeled substances in plasma can be used to determine GFR. Radionuclide renal scans also can be used and offer the advantage of estimating the GFR of each kidney. Although infants and newborns have an intact urine diluting ability, their concentrating ability is impaired. The maximal urinary concentration in the neonatal period is less than 700 mOsm/kg, but reaches adult values of 1200 mOsm/kg by 6 to 12 months of life. Similarly, the infant kidney has a limited capacity for salt regulation, predisposing the infant to salt disturbances.

Assessment of renal function in patients with liver disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-142
Author(s):  
Vladimír Teplan
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Drug Management ◽  
Function Measurement

Accurate measurement of renal function in serious liver disease is very important not only for the estimation of renal damage (chronic kidney disease – CKD), safe drug management, prediction of illness follow-up, intensive methods including hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration or hemoperfusion, but also for the indication of liver transplantation. All methods of renal function measurement using serum creatinine for the estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are not accurate: they overestimate the value of GFR; the worse the liver damage is, the higher the level of overestimation; predominantly due to decreased endogenous creatinine production (creatinine generation rate – CGR). Using of cystatin C for GFR in liver disease is mainly promising in acute kidney injury (AKI), but obtained results have not been defi nitive yet and need more relevant data from diff erent methods of GFR estimation.

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Signs of Renal Damage Despite Normal Renal Function in a Cohort of HIV-Infected Patients: Evaluation of Associated Factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 524-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Bonjoch ◽  
Javier Juega ◽  
Jordi Puig ◽  
Nuria Pérez-Alvarez ◽  
Aintzane Aiestarán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Normal Renal Function ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
High Prevalence

scholarly journals The Renal Effects of Aggressive Volume Removal in Heart Failure Patients with Preexisting Worsening Renal Function

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. S26
Author(s):  
Devin Mahoney ◽  
Tariq Ahmad ◽  
Veena Rao ◽  
Meredith Brisco-Bacik ◽  
F. Perry Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Effects ◽  
Heart Failure Patients ◽  
Worsening Renal Function

Abstract 893: Contrast Medium-Induced Renal Damage is Tightly Associated with Endothelial Injury in Patients

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuko Tajiri ◽  
Hidekazu Maruyama ◽  
Satoshi Sakai ◽  
Noritake Shimojo ◽  
Hideaki Aihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Endothelial Injury ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Renal Tubular

Background: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) remains a common complication of radiographic procedures. We hypothesized that endothelial dysfunction is the main cause of CIN. To clarify whether contrast medium-induced renal damage is associated with endothelial injury, we measured microparticles derived from endothelial cells as markers of endothelial injury. Circulating microparticles are shed from cell surface respond to cell activation and apoptotic stimuli, reflecting the condition of damaged cells. Methods: Renal function of 35 adult patients was analyzed before and after the use of contrast medium for coronary angiography. Parameters for renal function and urinary 15-isoprostane F2t, a specific marker of oxidative stress were measured before and after radiocontrast administration. Flow cytometry was used to count circulating CD34 + microparticles, which is regarded as one of markers for endothelial damage. Results: The decrease of estimated glomerular filtration rate positively correlated with the amount of contrast medium (r=0.427; P=0.013). Urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, a marker of renal tubular injury, was increased after angiography (from 7.6+/− 6.8 to 9.1 +/− 6.0 U/g-CRE, P=0.011). Furthermore, urinary 15-isoprostane F2t positively correlated with the volume of contrast medium (r=0.421; P=0.012). CD34+ microparticle was significantly increased after angiography (1.3-fold increased from basal level, P=0.0017). The increase of CD34+ microparticle was associated with the insult of contrast medium, but not of the amount. Conclusion: Radiocontrast impaired renal function in accordant with the increase of oxidative stress. The release of CD34+ microparticle was also increased by use of radiocontrast. These data suggest that CIN is tightly associated with endothelial injury mediated by radiocontrast-induced oxidative stress.

Renal effects induced by prolonged mPGES1 inhibition

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (1) ◽  
pp. F68-F74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Salazar ◽  
Michael L. Vazquez ◽  
Jaime L. Masferrer ◽  
Gabriel Mbalaviele ◽  
Maria T. Llinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Renal Effects ◽  
Excretory Function ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Chronically Instrumented Dogs

The importance of membrane-bound PGE synthase 1 (mPGES1) in the regulation of renal function has been examined in mPGES1-deficient mice or by evaluating changes in its expression. However, it is unknown whether prolonged mPGES1 inhibition induces significant changes of renal function when Na+ intake is normal or low. This study examined the renal effects elicited by a selective mPGES1 inhibitor (PF-458) during 7 days in conscious chronically instrumented dogs with normal Na+ intake (NSI) or low Na+ intake (LSI). Results obtained in both in vitro and in vivo studies have strongly suggested that PF-458 is a selective mPGES1 inhibitor. The administration of 2.4 mg·kg−1·day−1 PF-458 to dogs with LSI did not induce significant changes in renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). A larger dose of PF-458 (9.6 mg·kg−1·day−1) reduced RBF ( P < 0.05) but not GFR in dogs with LSI and did not induce changes of renal hemodynamic in dogs with NSI. Both doses of PF-458 elicited a decrease ( P < 0.05) in PGE2 and an increase ( P < 0.05) in 6-keto-PGF1α. The administration of PF-458 did not induce significant changes in renal excretory function, plasma renin activity, and plasma aldosterone and thromboxane B2 concentrations in dogs with LSI or NSI. The results obtained suggest that mPGES1 is involved in the regulation of RBF when Na+ intake is low and that the renal effects elicited by mPGES1 inhibition are modulated by a compensatory increment in PGI2. These results may have some therapeutical implications since it has been shown that prolonged mPGES1 inhibition has lower renal effects than those elicited by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors.

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