Nosocomial Bacteremia in HIV Patients: The Role of Peripheral Venous Catheters

AbstractA retrospective case-control study compared 40 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with 43 nosocomial bacteremias (NB) to 77 HIV-infected patients without NB. Presence of a peripheral venous catheter (PVC) was associated with occurrence of NB and was significantly more frequent in NB without an identified source. PVCs probably are an underestimated source of NB in HIV-infected patients.

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A case–control study of human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients with cryptococcemia and cryptococcal meningitis in a Chinese tertiary care hospital during 10 years

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060520984658 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 030006052098465

Author(s):

Liling Liang ◽

Zhixin Liang ◽

Danyang She ◽

Liang’an Chen

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Amphotericin B ◽

Cryptococcal Meningitis ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Case Control ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Control Study

Objective This study aimed to characterize patients with cryptococcemia and compare the clinical features of cryptococcemia and cryptococcal meningitis. Methods This was a retrospective, case–control study. We retrospectively identified blood cultures with Cryptococcus spp. growth. Controls were hospitalized patients who suffered from cryptococcal meningitis, but did not experience cryptococcemia. Controls and cases were matched by admission date, age, sex, and body weight. Clinical information was analyzed by two independent reviewers. Results Eight patients with cryptococcemia and eight patients with cryptococcal meningitis were included. They were all negative for human immunodeficiency virus. The most common underlying disease was primary nephrotic syndrome. All patients presented with fever. The incidence of headache, nausea/vomiting, seizures, and cough/expectoration was significantly lower in patients with cryptococcemia than in those with cryptococcal meningitis. All clinical strains of Cryptococcus, except for one, were sensitive to fluconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B, and flucytosine in vitro. The rate of receiving an amphotericin B-containing regimen was significantly higher in patients with cryptococcal meningitis than in those with cryptococcemia. In-hospital mortality was significantly higher in cryptococcemia cases compared with cryptococcal meningitis cases. Conclusion Cryptococcemia is an unusual infection characterized by a high mortality. Cryptococcemia requires early identification and prompt antifungal therapy.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of The spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus-associated cancers in a South African black population: results from a case-control study, 1995-2004.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1099457.555725 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

James Goedert

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

South African ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Black Population ◽

Case Control ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

African Black ◽

Control Study

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Case‐Control Study of Risk Factors forPenicillium marneffeiInfection in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Patients in Northern Thailand

Clinical Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1086/513649 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 1080-1086 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

Suwat Chariyalertsak ◽

Thira Sirisanthana ◽

Khuanchai Supparatpinyo ◽

Jutharat Praparattanapan ◽

Kenrad E. Nelson

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Northern Thailand ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Control Study

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Identification of risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa population: A case control study

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.12669/pjms.35.5.258 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Jamila Haider ◽

Ghosia Lutfullah ◽

Irshad Ur Rehman ◽

Irfan Khattak

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Male Gender ◽

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

History Of ◽

Control Study ◽

Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

Objectives: The present study aims to identify the risk factors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1(HIV-1) infection in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) population by comparing HIV-antibody positive cases with HIV-antibody-negative controls. Methods: The study was designed at the Family Care Centre (FCC), Hayatabad Medical Centre (HMC) Peshawar from February 2015 to December 2016. A total of 280 individuals were selected randomly for the study as cases and control. Data was collected on a structured questionnaire with informed oral consent. The collected data was analysed statistically using SPSS version 20. Results: Out of 280 individuals, 56% were males, 44% were females, and 53.21% belonged to the urban areas. The literacy rate was 48.6%, and 75.4% were married. The statistical analysis of risk factors revealed the following factors as of significance value (p < 0.05). Family history of HIV (OR = 9.46), spouse status of HIV (OR=22.22), injection drug users (IDUs), migrants (OR=2.234), use of therapeutic injections (OR= 2.791), employment (OR=2.545), male gender (OR=2.35), tattooing (OR=7.667) and history of blood transfusion (OR= 2.69). Conclusion: The present study revealed spouse status of HIV, tattooing, migrants, IDUs, use of therapeutic injections, history of blood transfusion, male gender and employment as significant risk factors for HIV infection in the population of KP. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.258 How to cite this:Haider J, Lutfullah G, Irshad ur Rehman, Khattak I. Identification of risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa population: A case control study. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.258 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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