scholarly journals Is Pairing with a Relative Heritable? Estimating Female and Male Genetic Contributions to the Degree of Biparental Inbreeding in Song Sparrows (Melospiza melodia)

2016 ◽  
Vol 187 (6) ◽  
pp. 736-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew E. Wolak ◽  
Jane M. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Melospiza Melodia ◽  
Biparental Inbreeding ◽  
Song Sparrows ◽  
Genetic Contributions

scholarly journals Individuals’ expected genetic contributions to future generations, reproductive value, and short-term metrics of fitness in free-living song sparrows (Melospiza melodia )

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane M. Reid ◽  
Pirmin Nietlisbach ◽  
Matthew E. Wolak ◽  
Lukas F. Keller ◽  
Peter Arcese
Keyword(s):  
Melospiza Melodia ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Reproductive Value ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Song Sparrows ◽  
Genetic Contributions

scholarly journals Individuals’ expected genetic contributions to future generations, reproductive value, and short-term metrics of fitness in free-living song sparrows (Melospiza melodia)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane M. Reid ◽  
Pirmin Nietlisbach ◽  
Matthew E. Wolak ◽  
Lukas F. Keller ◽  
Peter Arcese
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Melospiza Melodia ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Reproductive Value ◽  
Lifetime Reproductive Success ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Individual Fitness ◽  
Song Sparrows ◽  
Genetic Contributions

AbstractAppropriately defining and enumerating ‘fitness’ is fundamental to explaining and predicting evolutionary dynamics. Yet theoretical concepts of fitness are often hard to translate into quantities that can be quantified in wild populations experiencing complex environmental, demographic, genetic and selective variation. While the ‘fittest’ entities might be widely understood to be those that ultimately leave most descendants at some future time, such long-term legacies are hard to measure, impeding evaluation of how well more tractable short-term metrics of individual fitness directly predict longer-term outcomes. One opportunity for conceptual and empirical convergence stems from the principle of individual reproductive value (Vi), defined as the number of copies of each of an individual’s alleles that is expected to be present in future generations given the individual’s realised pedigree of descendants. Since Vi tightly predicts an individual’s longer-term genetic contribution, quantifying Vi provides a tractable route to quantifying what, to date, has been an abstract fitness concept. We used complete pedigree data from free-living song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) to demonstrate that individuals’ expected genetic contributions stabilise within an observed 20-year time period, allowing individual Vi to be evaluated. Considerable among-individual variation in Vi was evident in both sexes. However, standard short-term metrics of individual fitness, comprising lifespan, lifetime reproductive success and projected growth rate, typically explained less than half the variation. Given these results, we discuss what evolutionary inferences can and cannot be directly drawn from short-term versus longer-term fitness metrics observed on individuals, and highlight that analyses of pedigree structure may provide useful complementary insights into evolutionary processes and outcomes.

scholarly journals Resolving the conundrum of inbreeding depression but no inbreeding avoidance: Estimating sex-specific selection on inbreeding by song sparrows (Melospiza melodia)

Evolution ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 2846-2861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane M. Reid ◽  
Peter Arcese ◽  
Greta Bocedi ◽  
A. Bradley Duthie ◽  
Matthew E. Wolak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Inbreeding Avoidance ◽  
Melospiza Melodia ◽  
Song Sparrows

Husbandry of wild-caught song sparrows (Melospiza melodia )

Zoo Biology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori Smith ◽  
Sara Hallager ◽  
Erin Kendrick ◽  
Katharine Hope ◽  
Raymond M. Danner
Keyword(s):  
Melospiza Melodia ◽  
Song Sparrows

scholarly journals Fitness Correlates of Song Repertoire Size in Free‐Living Song Sparrows (Melospiza melodia)

2005 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane M. Reid ◽  
Peter Arcese ◽  
Alice L. E. V. Cassidy ◽  
Sara M. Hiebert ◽  
James N. M. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Melospiza Melodia ◽  
Repertoire Size ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Song Repertoire ◽  
Song Sparrows

scholarly journals Long-term maternal effect on offspring immune response in song sparrows Melospiza melodia

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane M Reid ◽  
Peter Arcese ◽  
Lukas F Keller ◽  
Dennis Hasselquist
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Melospiza Melodia ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Song Sparrows

Knowledge of the causes of variation in host immunity to parasitic infection and the time-scales over which variation persists, is integral to predicting the evolutionary and epidemiological consequences of host–parasite interactions. It is clear that offspring immunity can be influenced by parental immune experience, for example, reflecting transfer of antibodies from mothers to young offspring. However, it is less clear whether such parental effects persist or have functional consequences over longer time-scales, linking a parent's previous immune experience to future immune responsiveness in fully grown offspring. We used free-living song sparrows ( Melospiza melodia ) to quantify long-term effects of parental immune experience on offspring immune response. We experimentally vaccinated parents with a novel antigen and tested whether parental vaccination influenced the humoral antibody response mounted by fully grown offspring hatched the following year. Parental vaccination did not influence offspring baseline antibody titres. However, offspring of vaccinated mothers mounted substantially stronger antibody responses than offspring of unvaccinated mothers. Antibody responses did not differ between offspring of vaccinated and unvaccinated fathers. These data demonstrate substantial long-term effects of maternal immune experience on the humoral immune response of fully grown offspring in free-living birds.

Seasonality and Hormonal Control of Territorial Aggression in Female Song Sparrows (Passeriformes: Emberizidae: Melospiza melodia)

Ethology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 493-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle M. Elekonich ◽  
John C. Wingfield
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Melospiza Melodia ◽  
Territorial Aggression ◽  
Female Song ◽  
Song Sparrows

Effects of Acute Treatment with 8-OH-DPAT and Fluoxetine on Aggressive Behaviour in Male Song Sparrows (Melospiza melodia morphna)

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Sperry ◽  
C. K. Thompson ◽  
J. C. Wingfield
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Acute Treatment ◽  
Melospiza Melodia ◽  
Male Song ◽  
Song Sparrows

scholarly journals Song sparrows Melospiza melodia have a home-field advantage in defending against sympatric malarial parasites

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 160216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanina Sarquis-Adamson ◽  
Elizabeth A. MacDougall-Shackleton
Keyword(s):  
Melospiza Melodia ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ecological Interactions ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Song Sparrows ◽  
Capture Site ◽  
Fitness Consequences ◽  
Home Field Advantage ◽  
Fitness Consequence ◽  
Host Parasite

Hosts and parasites interact on both evolutionary and ecological timescales. The outcome of these interactions, specifically whether hosts are more resistant to their local parasites (sympatric) than to parasites from another location (allopatric), is likely to affect the spread of infectious disease and the fitness consequences of host dispersal. We conducted a cross-infection experiment to determine whether song sparrows ( Melospiza melodia ) have an advantage in dealing with sympatric parasites. We captured birds from two breeding sites 437 km apart, and inoculated them with avian malaria ( Plasmodium spp.) cultured either from their capture site or from the other site. Infection risk was lower for birds exposed to sympatric than to allopatric Plasmodium lineages, suggesting that song sparrows may have a home-field advantage in defending against local parasite strains. This pattern was more pronounced at one capture site than at the other, consistent with mosaic models of host–parasite interactions. Home-field advantage may arise from evolutionary processes, whereby host populations become adapted to their local parasites, and/or from ecological interactions, whereby host individuals develop resistance to the local parasites through previous immune exposure. Our findings suggest that greater susceptibility to novel parasites may represent a fitness consequence of natal dispersal.

scholarly journals Subspecific Differentiation and Conservation of Song Sparrows (Melospiza Melodia) in the San Francisco Bay Region Inferred by Microsatellite Loci Analysis

The Auk ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Chan ◽  
Peter Arcese
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
San Francisco Bay ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Melospiza Melodia ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Song Sparrows ◽  
Chord Distance ◽  
Subspecies Level

Abstract We examined genetic population structure of five putative subspecies of Song Sparrows (Melospiza melodia) in the San Francisco Bay region (M. m. samuelis, M. m. maxillaris, M. m. pusillula, M. m. gouldii, and M. m. heermanni) at nine microsatellite loci to assist the development of Song Sparrow conservation and management strategies. We sampled nine populations from five putative subspecies and found low estimates of differentiation between populations within subspecies and between. Despite low estimates of divergence, genetic structure at the subspecies level was indicated by the larger amount of variance accounted for by subspecies than populations. We propose that a management unit encompassing the range of M. m. pusillula be given priority for conservation on the basis of the extent of genetic divergence shown by Cavalli-Sforza and Edward's chord distance, and the topology of an unweighted pair group cluster analysis supported by 100% of bootstrap replicates across loci. Although M. m. samuelis and M. m. maxillaris appear undifferentiated from M. m. heermanni, it remains possible that adaptive differences between those types were not identified with neutral loci.

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