Differential Tolerance to Increasing Heterospecific Pollen Deposition in Two Sympatric Species of Burmeistera (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 180 (9) ◽  
pp. 987-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Isaac Moreira-Hernández ◽  
Nicholas Terzich ◽  
Ricardo Zambrano-Cevallos ◽  
Nora H. Oleas ◽  
Nathan Muchhala
Keyword(s):  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Pollen Deposition ◽  
Heterospecific Pollen ◽  
Heterospecific Pollen Deposition

Heterospecific pollen deposition is positively associated with reproductive success in a diverse hummingbird‐pollinated plant community

Oikos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Aparecida Lopes ◽  
Pedro Joaquim Bergamo ◽  
Steffani Najara Pinho Queiroz ◽  
Jeff Ollerton ◽  
Thiago Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Pollen Deposition ◽  
Heterospecific Pollen ◽  
Heterospecific Pollen Deposition

scholarly journals Heterospecific pollen deposition inDelphinium barbeyi: linking stigmatic pollen loads to reproductive output in the field

2015 ◽  
pp. mcv175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather M. Briggs ◽  
Lucy M. Anderson ◽  
Laila M. Atalla ◽  
André M. Delva ◽  
Emily K. Dobbs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Pollen Deposition ◽  
Heterospecific Pollen ◽  
Pollen Loads ◽  
Heterospecific Pollen Deposition

scholarly journals Effect of heterospecific pollen deposition on pollen tube growth depends on the phylogenetic relatedness between donor and recipient

AoB Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathália Susin Streher ◽  
Pedro Joaquim Bergamo ◽  
Tia-Lynn Ashman ◽  
Marina Wolowski ◽  
Marlies Sazima
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Pollen Deposition ◽  
Phylogenetic Relatedness ◽  
Pollination Success ◽  
Heterospecific Pollen ◽  
Flowering Plant Species ◽  
Heterospecific Pollen Deposition ◽  
Pollen Effect

Abstract Co-flowering plant species may interact via pollinators leading to heterospecific pollen transfer with consequences for plant reproduction. What determines the severity of heterospecific pollen effect on conspecific pollen performance is unclear, but it may depend on the phylogenetic relatedness of the interactors (pollen donors and recipient). The heterospecific pollen effect might also depend on the extent to which plants are exposed to heterospecific pollen over ecological or evolutionary timescales. For instance, generalist-pollinated plant species might tolerate heterospecific pollen more than specialists. Here, we tested whether heterospecific pollen effects are stronger between closely related species than phylogenetically distant ones in a tropical highland community. Then, based on these results, we determined whether responses to heterospecific pollen were stronger in generalized vs. specialized plant species. We applied heterospecific pollen from close (congeneric) or distant (different families) donors alone or with conspecific pollen on stigmas of three recipient species (one generalist, Sisyrinchium wettsteinii; and two specialists, Fuchsia campos-portoi and Fuchsia regia) and scored pollen tube performance in styles. In all species, pollen from closely related donors grew pollen tubes to the base of the style indicating a high potential to interfere with seed set. Conversely, distantly related heterospecific pollen had no effect on either specialist Fuchsia species, whereas enhanced performance of conspecific pollen was observed in generalist S. wettsteinii. The strong effect of phylogenetic relatedness of donor and recipient might have obscured the role of pollination specialization, at least for the three species examined here. Therefore, phylogenetic relatedness mediated the effect of heterospecific pollen on post-pollination success, with possible consequences for reproductive trait evolution and community assembly for further studies to explore.

Importance of Pollinator-Mediated Interspecific Pollen Transfer for Angiosperm Evolution

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Isaac Moreira-Hernández ◽  
Nathan Muchhala
Keyword(s):  
Character Displacement ◽  
Pollen Deposition ◽  
Pollen Transfer ◽  
Reproductive Character Displacement ◽  
Pollinator Attraction ◽  
Angiosperm Evolution ◽  
Heterospecific Pollen ◽  
Interspecific Pollen Transfer ◽  
Angiosperm Diversification ◽  
Heterospecific Pollen Deposition

Understanding how pollen moves between species is critical to understanding speciation, diversification, and evolution of flowering plants. For co-flowering species that share pollinators, competition through interspecific pollen transfer (IPT) can profoundly impact floral evolution, decreasing female fitness via heterospecific pollen deposition on stigmas and male fitness via pollen misplacement during visits to heterospecific flowers. The pollination literature demonstrates that such reproductive interference frequently selects for reproductive character displacement in floral traits linked to pollinator attraction, pollen placement, and mating systems and has also revealed that IPT between given pairs of species is typically asymmetric. More recent work is starting to elucidate its importance to the speciation process, clarifying the link between IPT and current and historical patterns of hybridization, the evolution of phenotypic novelty through adaptive introgression, and the rise of reproductive isolation. Our review aims to stimulate further research on IPT as a ubiquitous mechanism that plays a central role in angiosperm diversification.

scholarly journals Heterospecific pollen deposition among plants sharing hummingbird pollinators in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Rodriguésia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Coutinho Nery da Fonseca ◽  
André Rodrigo Rech ◽  
Pedro Joaquim Bergamo ◽  
Vania Gonçalves-Esteves ◽  
Marlies Sazima
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Temporal Organization ◽  
Pollen Deposition ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Heterospecific Pollen ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Pollen Mixture ◽  
Heterospecific Pollen Deposition

Abstract Hummingbirds are the most important group of pollinating birds in the Neotropics and tend to use, concomitantly, more than one plant species as food source. Pollen may be mixed on hummingbirds' body due to the visits to different plant species; therefore, these birds may promote heterospecific pollen deposition (HPD). The hummingbirds potential to promote HPD, the occurrence of HPD and its implications in plant reproduction are scarcely known in the Atlantic Forest. We have studied the transport of pollen by three hummingbird species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We have also checked the actual HPD occurrence under natural conditions in two plant species, namely Canistropsis seidelii and Psychotria nuda. Moreover, we investigated Nidularium innocentii reproductive system evaluating the effect of HPD on its reproduction by simulating a pollen mixture pollination. We found hummingbirds transporting heterospecific pollen mixtures on their bodies, which in turn were deposited onto stigmas of different species. We have also found that mixed pollen deposition had negative effect on the fitness of N. innocentii. We conclude that hummingbirds carry pollen mixtures at the same body parts, leading to potential HPD at the community level. Moreover, hummingbird-plant communities in the Atlantic Rainforest show remarkable similarities in temporal organization and interaction pattern. This suggests that HPD may be a widespread phenomena in these communities.

scholarly journals Heterospecific pollen deposition: does diversity alter the consequences?

2011 ◽  
Vol 192 (3) ◽  
pp. 738-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Arceo-Gómez ◽  
Tia-Lynn Ashman
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Deposition ◽  
Heterospecific Pollen ◽  
Heterospecific Pollen Deposition

Pollination and reproductive success in the gynodioecious endemic Thymus loscosii (Lamiaceae)

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Renée Orellana ◽  
Anna Maria Rovira ◽  
Cèsar Blanché ◽  
Maria Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Pollen Deposition ◽  
Pollinator Visitation ◽  
Heterospecific Pollen ◽  
Pollen Loads ◽  
Visual Attraction ◽  
Insect Exclusion ◽  
Two Populations

Sexual dimorphism can have implications in the reproductive biology of gynodioecious species, affecting sex fitness. We explored the effects of flower sex on pollination visitation rates and pollinator efficiency in terms of stigmatic pollen loads, as well as on quantitative and qualitative aspects of reproductive success in two populations of Thymus loscosii Willk. (Lamiaceae) endemic to the northeastern Iberian Peninsula. We also assessed the dependence of T. loscosii on insect pollination in both hermaphrodite and female plants by performing an insect exclusion test. Apis mellifera and different species of Bombylidae were the most frequent pollinators (68% of approaches to studied plots and 93% of total visited flowers). Hermaphrodite plants received more visits than female ones, possibly as a response to visual attraction, since flowers of the former are larger. Conspecific pollen deposition was higher on stigmas of hermaphrodite flowers than on those of females; in contrast, female stigmas received more heterospecific pollen loads, notably higher in one population. Despite these differences, seed set from open-pollinated flowers was similar in both sexes and in both populations, and relatively low (around 0.5–1 nutlet per fruiting calyx, on average). Thymus loscosii is self-compatible as it was able to produce seeds by spontaneous selfing, but at very low rates, indicating that it is insect-dependent for pollination. In addition, bagged female flowers also set seeds formed by apomitic mechanisms. In general, seeds from females were slightly heavier and began to germinate earlier and at higher rates than those from hermaphrodites, even those formed by apomixis. These results suggest that female plants enjoy a resource allocation advantage that allows increased seed quality and contributes to the maintenance of gynodioecy.Key words: gynodioecy, pollinator visitation, pollen loads, seed set, sex fitness, Thymus loscosii.

Heterospecific pollen transfer between sympatric species in a midsuccessional old-field community

1996 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 1168-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. McLernon ◽  
Stephen D. Murphy ◽  
Lonnie W. Aarssen
Keyword(s):  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Pollen Transfer ◽  
Old Field ◽  
Heterospecific Pollen

scholarly journals Habitat partitioning in native Geranium species through reproductive interference

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-661
Author(s):  
Sachiko Nishida ◽  
Koh-Ichi Takakura ◽  
Akiyo Naiki ◽  
Takayoshi Nishida
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Reproductive Interference ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Canopy Openness ◽  
Pollen Deposition ◽  
Heterospecific Pollen ◽  
Focal Species ◽  
Putative Hybrids

Abstract Background and Aims Heterospecific pollen transfer may reduce the fitness of recipient species, a phenomenon known as reproductive interference. A theoretical study has predicted that distributions of species pairs affected by reproductive interference may be syntopic under negligible reproductive interference, sympatric but with partitioning at small spatial scale (i.e. allotopic) under weak interference, or exclusive when reproductive interference is strong. Verifying these predictions is essential for evaluation of the applicability of reproductive interference as a general assembly rule of biological communities. The aim of this study was to test these predictions in two sympatrically distributed wild Geranium species, G. thunbergii and G. wilfordii. Methods To measure the effect of reproductive interference, the associations between the relative abundance of the counterpart species and seed set in the focal species, and seed set reduction following mixed pollination, were analysed. The possibility of hybridization with viable offspring was examined by genotyping plants in the field and after mixed pollination. Fertility of putative hybrids was based on their seed set and the proportion of pollen grains with apertural protrusions. A transect study was conducted to examine spatial partitioning, and possible influences of environmental conditions (canopy openness and soil moisture content) on partitioning between the species were analysed. Key Results Neither abundance of the counterpart species nor heterospecific pollen deposition significantly affected seed set in the focal species, and hybridization between species was almost symmetrical. Putative hybrids had low fertility. The two species were exclusively distributed at small scale, although environmental conditions were not significantly different between them. Conclusions The allotopy of the two species may be maintained by relatively weak reproductive interference through bidirectional hybridization. Re-evaluation of hybridization may allow ongoing or past reproductive interference to be recognized and provide insight into the distributional relationships between the interacting plants.

The zoonotic potential of bat-borne coronaviruses

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-381
Author(s):  
Ny Anjara Fifi Ravelomanantsoa ◽  
Sarah Guth ◽  
Angelo Andrianiaina ◽  
Santino Andry ◽  
Anecia Gentles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Material ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Novel Host ◽  
Horseshoe Bat ◽  
Human Infections

Seven zoonoses — human infections of animal origin — have emerged from the Coronaviridae family in the past century, including three viruses responsible for significant human mortality (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2) in the past twenty years alone. These three viruses, in addition to two older CoV zoonoses (HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63) are believed to be originally derived from wild bat reservoir species. We review the molecular biology of the bat-derived Alpha- and Betacoronavirus genera, highlighting features that contribute to their potential for cross-species emergence, including the use of well-conserved mammalian host cell machinery for cell entry and a unique capacity for adaptation to novel host environments after host switching. The adaptive capacity of coronaviruses largely results from their large genomes, which reduce the risk of deleterious mutational errors and facilitate range-expanding recombination events by offering heightened redundancy in essential genetic material. Large CoV genomes are made possible by the unique proofreading capacity encoded for their RNA-dependent polymerase. We find that bat-borne SARS-related coronaviruses in the subgenus Sarbecovirus, the source clade for SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, present a particularly poignant pandemic threat, due to the extraordinary viral genetic diversity represented among several sympatric species of their horseshoe bat hosts. To date, Sarbecovirus surveillance has been almost entirely restricted to China. More vigorous field research efforts tracking the circulation of Sarbecoviruses specifically and Betacoronaviruses more generally is needed across a broader global range if we are to avoid future repeats of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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