An Optimal Integrated Vector Control for Prevention the Transmission of Dengue

AbstractCulex mosquitoes particularly Culex quinquefasciatus are important arboviral and filariasis vectors, however despite this important epidemiological role, there is still a paucity of data on their bionomics. The present study was undertaken to assess the insecticide resistance status of Cx. quinquefasciatus populations from four districts of Yaoundé (Cameroon). All Culex quinquefasciatus populations except one displayed high resistance to bendiocarb and malathion with mortalities ranging from 0 to 89% while high resistance intensity against both permethrin and deltamethrin was recorded. Molecular analyses revealed high frequencies of the ACE-1 G119S mutation (ranging from 0 to 33%) and kdr L1014F allele (ranging from 55 to 74%) in all Cx. quinquefasciatus populations. Significant overexpression was detected for cytochrome P450s genes CYP6AA7 and CYP6Z10, as well as for Esterase A and Esterase B genes. The total cuticular hydrocarbon content, a proxy of cuticular resistance, was significantly increased (compared to the S-lab strain) in one population. The study confirms strong insecticide resistance mediated by different mechanisms in Cx. quinquefasciatus populations from the city of Yaoundé. The expansion of insecticide resistance in Culex populations could affect the effectiveness of current vector control measures and stress the need for the implementation of integrated vector control strategies in urban settings.

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Maximizing public health protection with integrated vector control

American Journal of Public Health ◽

10.2105/ajph.91.3.497 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 91 (3) ◽

pp. 497-498

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Vector Control ◽

Health Protection ◽

Public Health Protection ◽

Integrated Vector Control

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Vaccine and Therapeutic Options To Control Chikungunya Virus

Clinical Microbiology Reviews ◽

10.1128/cmr.00104-16 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Ann M. Powers

Keyword(s):

Vector Control ◽

Future Development ◽

Chikungunya Virus ◽

Therapeutic Options ◽

Protective Measures ◽

Vector Borne Diseases ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Vector Borne ◽

And Control ◽

Integrated Vector Control

SUMMARYBeginning in 2004, chikungunya virus (CHIKV) went from an endemic pathogen limited to Africa and Asia that caused periodic outbreaks to a global pathogen. Given that outbreaks caused by CHIKV have continued and expanded, serious consideration must be given to identifying potential options for vaccines and therapeutics. Currently, there are no licensed products in this realm, and control relies completely on the use of personal protective measures and integrated vector control, which are only minimally effective. Therefore, it is prudent to urgently examine further possibilities for control. Vaccines have been shown to be highly effective against vector-borne diseases. However, as CHIKV is known to rapidly spread and generate high attack rates, therapeutics would also be highly valuable. Several candidates are currently being developed; this review describes the multiple options under consideration for future development and assesses their relative advantages and disadvantages.

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