scholarly journals High-resolution air temperature mapping in a data-scarce, arid area by means of low-cost mobile measurements and machine learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 2042 (1) ◽  
pp. 012045
Author(s):  
Ahmed H M Eldesoky ◽  
Nicola Colaninno ◽  
Eugenio Morello
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Random Forest Regression ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Greater Cairo ◽  
Temperature Maps ◽  
Mobile Measurements

Abstract The availability of gridded, screen-level air temperature data at an effective spatial and temporal resolution is important for many fields such as climatology, ecology, urban planning and design. This study aims at providing such data in a data-scarce, arid city within the greater Cairo region (Egypt), namely the Sixth of October, where, to our knowledge, no such data are available. By using (i) air temperature data, collected from mobile measurements, (ii) multiple spectral indices, (iii) spatial analysis techniques and (iv) random forest regression modelling, we produced air temperature maps (for both daytime and nighttime) at 30-m spatial resolution for the entire city. The proposed method is systematic and relies on low-cost instrumentation and freely-available satellite data and hence it can be replicated in similar data-scarce, arid areas to allow for better spatial and temporal monitoring of air temperature.

scholarly journals Developing the Urban Thermal Environment Management and Planning (UTEMP) System to Support Urban Planning and Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee ◽  
Oh
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Spatial Change ◽  
Environment Management ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Thermal Environment ◽  
Maximum Development

Mathematical Climate Simulation Modeling (MCSM) has the advantage of not only investigating the urban heat island phenomenon but also of identifying the effects of thermal environment improvement plans in detail. As a result, MCSM has been applied worldwide as a scientific tool to analyze urban thermal environment problems. However, the meteorological models developed thus far have been insufficient in terms of their direct application to the urban planning and design fields due to the preprocessing task for modeling operations and the excessive time required. By combining meteorological modeling and Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis methods, this study developed the Urban Thermal Environment Management and Planning (UTEMP) system that is user-friendly and can be applied to urban planning and design. Furthermore, the usefulness of UTEMP was investigated in this study by application to areas where the heat island phenomenon occurs frequently: Seoul, Korea. The accuracy of the UTEMP system was verified by comparing its results to the Automatic Weather Systems (AWSs) data. Urban spatial change scenarios were prepared and air temperature variations according to such changes were compared. Subsequently, the urban spatial change scenarios were distinguished by four cases, including the existing condition (before the development), applications of the thermal environment measures to the existing condition, allowable future urban development (the maximum development density under the urban planning regulations), and application of the thermal environment measures to allowable future development. The UTEMP system demonstrated an accuracy of adj. R2 0.952 and a ±0.91 Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). By applying the UTEMP system to urban spatial change scenarios, the average air temperature of 0.35 °C and maximum air temperature of 1.27 °C were found to rise when the maximum development density was achieved. Meanwhile, the air temperature reduction effect of rooftop greening was identified by an average of 0.12 °C with a maximum of 0.45 °C. Thus, the development of UTEMPS can be utilized as an effective tool to analyze the impacts of urban spatial changes and for planning and design. As a result, the UTEMP system will allow for more efficient and practical establishment of measures to improve the urban thermal environment.

scholarly journals A New Low-Cost, Stand-Alone Sensor System for Snow Monitoring

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1973-1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Varhola ◽  
Jens Wawerla ◽  
Markus Weiler ◽  
Nicholas C. Coops ◽  
Daniel Bewley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Snow Depth ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Key Aspects

Abstract Monitoring continuous changes in snowpack dynamics and its meteorological drivers is critical for understanding key aspects of water resources, climate variability, and ecology. While manual snow surveys have traditionally been used to evaluate snow processes, their high costs and discrete measurements can lead to biased estimations of accumulation and ablation rates. Ultrasonic range sensors offer an alternative to continuously monitor snow depth but their widespread employment has been limited because of high prices. This paper describes the development of an inexpensive prototype ultrasonic sensor suite characterized by a ready-to-use stand-alone design and flexibility to incorporate additional meteorological instruments. The performance of 48 units was tested during a winter season in central British Columbia, recording snow depth and air temperature data consistent with those from nearby weather stations and manual measurements. Despite a relatively small underestimation of snow depth due to known, repairable reasons, the sensor system demonstrated reliability for research and operations.

scholarly journals On the Spatial Patterns of Urban Thermal Conditions Using Indoor and Outdoor Temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 640
Author(s):  
Sadroddin Alavipanah ◽  
Dagmar Haase ◽  
Mohsen Makki ◽  
Mir Muhammad Nizamani ◽  
Salman Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Cold Spot ◽  
Temperature Pattern ◽  
Outdoor Temperature ◽  
Residential Units ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

The changing climate has introduced new and unique challenges and threats to humans and their environment. Urban dwellers in particular have suffered from increased levels of heat stress, and the situation is predicted to continue to worsen in the future. Attention toward urban climate change adaptation has increased more than ever before, but previous studies have focused on indoor and outdoor temperature patterns separately. The objective of this research is to assess the indoor and outdoor temperature patterns of different urban settlements. Remote sensing data, together with air temperature data collected with temperature data loggers, were used to analyze land surface temperature (outdoor temperature) and air temperature (indoor temperature). A hot and cold spot analysis was performed to identify the statistically significant clusters of high and low temperature data. The results showed a distinct temperature pattern across different residential units. Districts with dense urban settlements show a warmer outdoor temperature than do more sparsely developed districts. Dense urban settlements show cooler indoor temperatures during the day and night, while newly built districts show cooler outdoor temperatures during the warm season. Understanding indoor and outdoor temperature patterns simultaneously could help to better identify districts that are vulnerable to heat stress in each city. Recognizing vulnerable districts could minimize the impact of heat stress on inhabitants.

scholarly journals Review: Improving the Impact of Plant Science on Urban Planning and Design

Buildings ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Wootton-Beard ◽  
Yangang Xing ◽  
Raghavalu Durai Prabhakaran ◽  
Paul Robson ◽  
Maurice Bosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Plant Science ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals <i>Brief communication</i> "A statistical validation for the cycles found in air temperature data using a Morlet wavelet-based method"

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nicolay ◽  
G. Mabille ◽  
X. Fettweis ◽  
M. Erpicum
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Temperature Time Series ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Statistical Validation ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Temperature Time

Abstract. Recently, new cycles, associated with periods of 30 and 43 months, respectively, have been observed by the authors in surface air temperature time series, using a wavelet-based methodology. Although many evidences attest the validity of this method applied to climatic data, no systematic study of its efficiency has been carried out. Here, we estimate confidence levels for this approach and show that the observed cycles are significant. Taking these cycles into consideration should prove helpful in increasing the accuracy of the climate model projections of climate change and weather forecast.

Comment on “The study of urban metabolism and its applications to urban planning and design” by Kennedy et al. (2011)

2012 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 184-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Lin ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Feixiong Luo ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Qiuzhuo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Metabolism ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design

scholarly journals A state-of-the-art review of built environment information modelling (BeIM)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1638-1654 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H.M. Tah ◽  
A.H. Oti ◽  
F.H. Abanda
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Data File ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Information Modelling ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Building Information ◽  
3D City Modelling

AbstractElements that constitute the built environment are vast and so are the independent systems developed to model its various aspects. Many of these systems have been developed under various assumptions and approaches to execute functions that are distinct, complementary or sometimes similar. Furthermore, these systems are ever increasing in number and often assume similar nomenclatures and acronyms, thereby exacerbating the challenges of understanding their peculiar functions, definitions and differences. The current societal demand to improve sustainability performance through collaboration as well as whole-system and through-life thinking is driving the need to integrate independent systems associated with different aspects and scales of the built environment to deliver smart solutions and services that improve the well-being of citizens. The contemporary object-oriented digitization of real-world elements appears to provide a leeway for amalgamating the modelling systems of various domains in the built environment which we termed as built environment information modelling (BeIM). These domains include architecture, engineering, construction as well as urban planning and design. Applications such as building information modelling, geographic information systems and 3D city modelling systems are now being integrated for city modelling purposes. The various works directed at integrating these systems are examined, revealing that current research efforts on integration fall into three categories: (1) data/file conversion systems, (2) semantic mapping systems and (3) the hybrid of both. The review outcome suggests that good knowledge of these domains and how their respective systems operate is vital to pursuing holistic systems integration in the built environment.

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