scholarly journals Recent progress for different inertial confinement fusion schemes: a systematical review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2108 (1) ◽  
pp. 012095
Author(s):  
Yihong Qian ◽  
Botao Huang
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Fusion Energy ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Simulation Algorithm ◽  
Controlled Fusion ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Systematical Review ◽  
Physical Principles

Abstract The pursuing of controlled fusion energy has been continuously developed for more than half a century. Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) is one of two major approaches to actualize controlled fusion. Here, we systematically reviewed several typical forms of ICF on the part of their physical principles and encountering technical barriers currently. Besides, some great simulation results of the implosion for each ICF scheme are shown, and the simulation algorithm of Vlasov-Fokker-Planck (VFP) is introduced. In addition, several instabilities in the fusion process are analyzed. These results offer a guideline for future ICF research.

scholarly journals Perspectives of laser inertial fusion energy in Japan

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHIYOE YAMANAKA
Keyword(s):  
International Collaboration ◽  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Fusion Energy ◽  
Inertial Fusion ◽  
Inertial Fusion Energy ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Fusion Ignition ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
Near Future

The inertial confinement fusion (ICF) research has remarkably developed in the last 10 years, which enables us to scope the fusion ignition and burn in the near future. Following the recent progress in the ICF, the perspectives of the inertial fusion energy (IFE) are presented. International collaboration is highly expected.

scholarly journals Prospects for high gain inertial fusion energy: an introduction to the first special edition

2020 ◽  
Vol 378 (2184) ◽  
pp. 20200006 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Norreys ◽  
C. Ridgers ◽  
K. Lancaster ◽  
M. Koepke ◽  
G. Tynan
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Fusion Energy ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Inertial Fusion ◽  
Inertial Fusion Energy ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Energy Part ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Basic Studies

A European consortium of 15 laboratories across nine nations have worked together under the EUROFusion Enabling Research grants for the past decade with three principle objectives. These are: (a) investigating obstacles to ignition on megaJoule-class laser facilities; (b) investigating novel alternative approaches to ignition, including basic studies for fast ignition (both electron and ion-driven), auxiliary heating, shock ignition etc.; and (c) developing technologies that will be required in the future for a fusion reactor. The Hooke discussion meeting in March 2020 provided an opportunity to reflect on the progress made in inertial confinement fusion research world-wide to date. This first edition of two special issues seeks to identify paths forward to achieve high fusion energy gain. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Prospects for high gain inertial fusion energy (part 1)’.

Alternatives to tokamaks: a faster-better-cheaper route to fusion energy?

2019 ◽  
Vol 377 (2141) ◽  
pp. 20170431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Clery
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Fusion Energy ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
No Production ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Unlimited Supply ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Difficult Challenge

The use of thermonuclear fusion as a source for energy generation has been a goal of plasma physics for more than six decades. Its advantages are many: easy access to fuel and virtually unlimited supply; no production of greenhouse gases; and little radioactive waste produced. But heating fuel to the high temperature necessary for fusion—at least 100 million degrees Celsius—and containing it at that level has proved to be a difficult challenge. The ring-shaped magnetic confinement of tokamaks, which emerged in the 1960s, was quickly identified as the most promising approach and remains so today although a practical commercial reactor remains decades away. While tokamaks have rightly won most fusion research funding, other approaches have also been pursued at a lower level. Some, such as inertial confinement fusion, have emerged from nuclear weapons programs and others from academic efforts. A few have been spun out into start-up companies funded by venture capital and wealthy individuals. Although alternative approaches are less well studied, their proponents argue that they could provide a smaller, cheaper, and faster route to fusion energy production. This article will survey some of the current efforts and where they stand. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Fusion energy using tokamaks: can development be accelerated?’.

scholarly journals Direct-indirect mixture implosion in heavy ion fusion

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
TETSUO SOMEYA ◽  
KENTAROU MIYAZAWA ◽  
TAKASHI KIKUCHI ◽  
SHIGEO KAWATA
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Radiation Transport ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Fusion Energy ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Foam Layer ◽  
Lateral Direction ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
Heavy Ion Fusion

In order to realize an effective implosion, the beam illumination non-uniformity and implosion non-uniformity must be suppressed to less than a few percent. In this paper, a direct-indirect mixture implosion mode is proposed and discussed in heavy ion beam (HIB) inertial confinement fusion (HIF) in order to release sufficient fusion energy in a robust manner. On the other hand, the HIB illumination non-uniformity depends strongly on a target displacement (dz) in a reactor. In a direct-driven implosion mode dz of ∼20 μm was tolerance and in an indirect-implosion mode dz of ∼100 μm was allowable. In the direct-indirect mixture mode target, a low-density foam layer is inserted, and radiation is confined in the foam layer. In the foam layer the radiation transport is expected in the lateral direction for the HIB illumination non-uniformity smoothing. Two-dimensional implosion simulations are performed and show that the HIB illumination non-uniformity is well smoothed. The simulation results present that a large pellet displacement of ∼300 μm is tolerable in order to obtain sufficient fusion energy in HIF.

scholarly journals Ultrahigh-density deuterium of Rydberg matter clusters for inertial confinement fusion targets

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Holmlid ◽  
H. Hora ◽  
G. Miley ◽  
X. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Fusion Energy ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
Solid Fusion ◽  
Ultrahigh Density ◽  
Oxide Crystals

AbstractClusters of condensed deuterium of densities up to 1029cm−3in pores in solid oxide crystals were confirmed from time-of-flight mass spectrometry measurements. Based on these facts, a schematic outline and possible conclusions of expectable generalizations are presented, which may lead to a simplification of laser driven fusion energy including new techniques for preparation of targets for application in experiments of the NIF type, but also for modified fast igniter experiments using proton or electron beams or side-on ignition of low compressed solid fusion fuel.

scholarly journals Tracking Fusion

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (06) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Harry Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Fusion Energy ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Safety Testing ◽  
Major Powers ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Abundant Supply

This article highlights that fusion holds out hope for an abundant supply of clean energy, fueled by forms of hydrogen drawn from seawater, with no emissions into the atmosphere of CO2, no oxides of nitrogen or sulfur, and no mercury or cadmium. Talk of a future hydrogen economy has raised the profile of fusion research, and the field has gotten a couple of boosts during the past few months. The arsenal is aging, and the major powers have agreed not to set off any nuclear weapons, even for safety testing. By studying the physics of inertial confinement fusion and the response of weapon materials placed near a fusion fuel capsule, the caretakers of the bombs and missiles can better understand the aging process. Fusion energy has been a long time coming and still has a long way to go. There are skeptics who question whether it can happen at all.

scholarly journals Modelling burning thermonuclear plasma

2020 ◽  
Vol 378 (2184) ◽  
pp. 20200014 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Rose ◽  
P. W. Hatfield ◽  
R. H. H. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Fusion Energy ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
Energy Part ◽  
Confinement Fusion ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Big Bang

Considerable progress towards the achievement of thermonuclear burn using inertial confinement fusion has been achieved at the National Ignition Facility in the USA in the last few years. Other drivers, such as the Z-machine at Sandia, are also making progress towards this goal. A burning thermonuclear plasma would provide a unique and extreme plasma environment; in this paper we discuss (a) different theoretical challenges involved in modelling burning plasmas not currently considered, (b) the use of novel machine learning-based methods that might help large facilities reach ignition, and (c) the connections that a burning plasma might have to fundamental physics, including quantum electrodynamics studies, and the replication and exploration of conditions that last occurred in the first few minutes after the Big Bang. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Prospects for high gain inertial fusion energy (part 1)’.

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