scholarly journals 1-Dimensional numerical modelling of unsaturated water flow and oxygen diffusion in overburden material column using hydrus 1-D

2021 ◽  
Vol 882 (1) ◽  
pp. 012064
Author(s):  
Jarwinda ◽  
A Badhurahman ◽  
G J Kusuma ◽  
R S Gautama
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Overburden Material ◽  
Constant Head ◽  
Unsaturated Condition ◽  
And Diffusion

Abstract Coal mining activities, especially overburden material dumping can cause a negative impact into the environment, i.e., acid mine drainage, Acid mine drainage is characterized as low pH water with high sulphate and metal content produced from sulphidic-bearing overburden material with oxygen and water. In unsaturated condition, both of gaseous and water phases exist, acid mine drainage is generated. This study aims to characterize and model the water content in unsaturated condition and diffusion of oxygen of overburden material using the Hydrus 1-D software in a laboratory-scaled column. Laboratory-scaled column is initially filled with 75-cm height of dry overburden material and subjected into 5-cm constant head water level at the top of the column with free-flow condition at the bottom of column. The modelling result shows the water content of overburden material varies within depth and time elapsed and is saturated between 32400 minutes and 36000 minutes after initial wetting. Diffusivity of oxygen is linearly correlated with the water content of the overburden material at any given time and depth that varies between 1.34 × 10−7 m2/s and 8.80 × 10−12 m2/s. Water content and diffusivity of oxygen is expected to affect the generation of acid mine drainage in the overburden material.

scholarly journals Formation and characterization of acid mine drainage in the Madzharovo ore field, Southeastern Bulgaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Svetlana Bratkova
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sulfide Minerals ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Zinc Cadmium ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
The Impact

The formation of acid mine drainage (AMD) is a serious environmental problem in areas with mining and processing industries worldwide. Their generation is associated with chemical and biological processes of oxidation of sulfide minerals, mainly pyrite. Sources of AMD can be deposits of sulfide minerals and coal with a high content of pyrite sulfur, mining waste and some tailings. The impact of AMD on surface and groundwater in mining areas continues for decades after the cessation of extraction. An example of the negative impact of generated acid mine drainage on the state of surface waters is in the region of Madzharovo. Years after the cessation of mining, the waters at the discharge points "Momina Skala", "Harman Kaya" and "Pandak Dere" are characterized by low pH values and high concentrations of iron, copper, zinc, cadmium, lead and manganese.

scholarly journals Microbial stratification in low pH oxic and suboxic macroscopic growths along an acid mine drainage

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1259-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia Méndez-García ◽  
Victoria Mesa ◽  
Richard R Sprenger ◽  
Michael Richter ◽  
María Suárez Diez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Acid Mine

scholarly journals Efficient Low-pH Iron Removal by a Microbial Iron Oxide Mound Ecosystem at Scalp Level Run

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christen L. Grettenberger ◽  
Alexandra R. Pearce ◽  
Kyle J. Bibby ◽  
Daniel S. Jones ◽  
William D. Burgos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Iron Oxidation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Oxidation Rates ◽  
Acid Mine

ABSTRACT Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a major environmental problem affecting tens of thousands of kilometers of waterways worldwide. Passive bioremediation of AMD relies on microbial communities to oxidize and remove iron from the system; however, iron oxidation rates in AMD environments are highly variable among sites. At Scalp Level Run (Cambria County, PA), first-order iron oxidation rates are 10 times greater than at other coal-associated iron mounds in the Appalachians. We examined the bacterial community at Scalp Level Run to determine whether a unique community is responsible for the rapid iron oxidation rate. Despite strong geochemical gradients, including a >10-fold change in the concentration of ferrous iron from 57.3 mg/liter at the emergence to 2.5 mg/liter at the base of the coal tailings pile, the bacterial community composition was nearly constant with distance from the spring outflow. Scalp Level Run contains many of the same taxa present in other AMD sites, but the community is dominated by two strains of Ferrovum myxofaciens, a species that is associated with high rates of Fe(II) oxidation in laboratory studies. IMPORTANCE Acid mine drainage pollutes more than 19,300 km of rivers and streams and 72,000 ha of lakes worldwide. Remediation is frequently ineffective and costly, upwards of $100 billion globally and nearly $5 billion in Pennsylvania alone. Microbial Fe(II) oxidation is more efficient than abiotic Fe(II) oxidation at low pH (P. C. Singer and W. Stumm, Science 167:1121–1123, 1970, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.167.3921.1121 ). Therefore, AMD bioremediation could harness microbial Fe(II) oxidation to fuel more-cost-effective treatments. Advances will require a deeper understanding of the ecology of Fe(II)-oxidizing microbial communities and the factors that control their distribution and rates of Fe(II) oxidation. We investigated bacterial communities that inhabit an AMD site with rapid Fe(II) oxidation and found that they were dominated by two operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of Ferrovum myxofaciens, a taxon associated with high laboratory rates of iron oxidation. This research represents a step forward in identifying taxa that can be used to enhance cost-effective AMD bioremediation.

scholarly journals Behaviour of Fe, Mg and Ca in acid mine drainage and experimental solutions in the presence of Aspergillus niger species isolated from various environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Šimonovičová ◽  
Jana Barteková ◽  
Ľubica Janovová ◽  
Alena Luptáková
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Model Solution ◽  
Acid Sulphate ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Mining Region

This article analyzes the ability of micromycetes to accumulate Fe, Mg and Ca from acid mine drainage (AMD) at the locality Smolník. Four strains of the Aspergillus niger (An) species originating from various types of environment were used in the experiments: the An-G strain (the locality of Gabčíkovo, Eutric Fluvisol), the An-P strain (the locality of Pezinok-Kolársky vrch, mining region with elevated amounts of As and Sb), the An-N strain (the locality of Nováky, mining region with elevated amounts of As and S), the An-Š strain (Banská ŠtiavnicaŠobov, the locality impacted by an acid sulphate weathering and extremely low pH). In the most cases the accumulation of Mg was the highest in comparison to accumulation of Fe. Accumulation of Ca was very low. Among the tested microfungi, the highest accumulation was noted by the strain An-N 55 % of Mg and by the strain An-Š 54 % of Fe from the model solution of the elements (Fe [1.67 mg/L], Mg [2.35 mg/L] and Ca [1.14 mg/L]).

PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF LIMESTONE-BASED PASSIVE TREATMENT SYSTEMS FOR LOW-pH ACID MINE DRAINAGE IN ANDEAN BOLIVIA

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (1) ◽  
pp. 426-435
Author(s):  
K.J. Palmer ◽  
F. Llanos López ◽  
R.R. Callapa ◽  
A.A. Neptune ◽  
A. Cisse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Passive Treatment ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Acid Mine

scholarly journals Evaluation and optimization of a new microbial enhancement plug-flow ditch system for the pretreatment of acid mine drainage: semi-pilot test

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1039-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongwei Song ◽  
Heru Wang ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Lixiang Zhou ◽  
Jingcheng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Pilot Test ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Dissolved Heavy Metals ◽  
Microbial Enhancement

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is typically characterized by low pH, a high concentration of sulfate and dissolved heavy metals.

Toward a Solution for Acid Mine Drainage Treatment: Role of Electron Donors in Sulfate Reduction at Low pH

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 837-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonatiuh Moreno-Perlin ◽  
Ángel G. Alpuche-Solís ◽  
Ernesto I. Badano ◽  
Claudia Etchebehere ◽  
Lourdes B. Celis
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Electron Donors ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage Treatment

scholarly journals Seasonal Variations in Microbial Populations and Environmental Conditions in an Extreme Acid Mine Drainage Environment

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 3627-3632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina J. Edwards ◽  
Thomas M. Gihring ◽  
Jillian F. Banfield
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
In Situ Hybridizations

ABSTRACT Microbial populations, their distributions, and their aquatic environments were studied over a year (1997) at an acid mine drainage (AMD) site at Iron Mountain, Calif. Populations were quantified by fluorescence in situ hybridizations with group-specific probes. Probes were used for the domains Eucarya, Bacteria, and Archaea and the two species most widely studied and implicated for their role in AMD production, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans. Results show that microbial populations, in relative proportions and absolute numbers, vary spatially and seasonally and correlate with geochemical and physical conditions (pH, temperature, conductivity, and rainfall). Bacterial populations were in the highest proportion (>95%) in January. Conversely, archaeal populations were in the highest proportion in July and September (∼50%) and were virtually absent in the winter. Bacterial and archaeal populations correlated with conductivity and rainfall. High concentrations of dissolved solids, as reflected by high conductivity values (up to 125 mS/cm), occurred in the summer and correlated with high archaeal populations and proportionally lower bacterial populations. Eukaryotes were not detected in January, when total microbial cell numbers were lowest (<105 cells/ml), but eukaryotes increased at low-pH sites (∼0.5) during the remainder of the year. This correlated with decreasing water temperatures (50 to 30°C; January to November) and increasing numbers of prokaryotes (108 to 109cells/ml). T. ferrooxidans was in highest abundance (>30%) at moderate pHs and temperatures (∼2.5 and 20°C) in sites that were peripheral to primary acid-generating sites and lowest (0 to 5%) at low-pH sites (pH ∼0.5) that were in contact with the ore body. L. ferrooxidans was more widely distributed with respect to geochemical conditions (pH = 0 to 3; 20 to 50°C) but was more abundant at higher temperatures and lower pHs (∼40°C; pH ∼0.5) than T. ferrooxidans.

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