scholarly journals To The Characteristic Of Cenopopulations Dactylorhiza Dactylorhiza Fuchsii (Druce) Soo Of The Middle And Southern Taiga

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012025
Author(s):  
N V Kosolapova ◽  
Yu V Gudovskikh ◽  
T L Egoshina ◽  
A V Kislitsyna ◽  
E A Luginina
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Vegetation Analysis ◽  
Relative Resistance ◽  
Soil Factors

Abstract The article presents materials on the ecological and phytocenotic characteristics of Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soo in the southern and middle taiga phytocenoses of the Kirov region. In the course of the study, the typical habitats of the species were established. Vegetation analysis carried out using phytoindication scales by D.N. Tsyganov (1983), made it possible to establish fragments of ecological niches in the conditions of the southern and middle taiga. It was found that in the middle taiga phytocenoses, the species is more sensitive to changes in soil factors given by the researcher than in the southern taiga. Analysis of vegetation in terms of hemerobicity indicates the relative resistance of the species to anthropogenic impact.

scholarly journals Variability in methane emissions from West Siberia's shallow boreal lakes on a regional scale and its environmental controls

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 3715-3742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr F. Sabrekov ◽  
Benjamin R. K. Runkle ◽  
Mikhail V. Glagolev ◽  
Irina E. Terentieva ◽  
Victor M. Stepanenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Space ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Boreal Lakes ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Power Law Distribution ◽  
Small Lakes ◽  
Environmental Controls

Abstract. Small lakes represent an important source of atmospheric CH4 from northern wetlands. However, spatiotemporal variations in flux magnitudes and the lack of knowledge about their main environmental controls contribute large uncertainty into the global CH4 budget. In this study, we measured methane fluxes from small lakes using chambers and bubble traps. Field investigations were carried out in July–August 2014 within the West Siberian middle and southern taiga zones. The average and median of measured methane chamber fluxes were 0.32 and 0.30 mgCH4 m−2 h−1 for middle taiga lakes and 8.6 and 4.1 mgCH4 m−2 h−1 for southern taiga lakes, respectively. Pronounced flux variability was found during measurements on individual lakes, between individual lakes and between zones. To analyze these differences and the influences of environmental controls, we developed a new dynamic process-based model. It shows good performance with emission rates from the southern taiga lakes and poor performance for individual lakes in the middle taiga region. The model shows that, in addition to well-known controls such as temperature, pH and lake depth, there are significant variations in the maximal methane production potential between these climatic zones. In addition, the model shows that variations in gas-filled pore space in lake sediments are capable of controlling the total methane emissions from individual lakes. The CH4 emissions exhibited distinct zonal differences not only in absolute values but also in their probability density functions: the middle taiga lake fluxes were best described by a lognormal distribution while the southern taiga lakes followed a power-law distribution. The latter suggests applicability of self-organized criticality theory for methane emissions from the southern taiga zone, which could help to explain the strong variability within individual lakes.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF PINUS SYLVESTRIS L. TRUNK DIAMETER BASED ON STUMP DIAMETER IN DIFFERENT BOREAL CONIFEROUS FOREST CONDITIONS OF PERMSKII KRAI (RUSSIA)

AGROFOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr ROMANOV ◽  
Victoria BUTORINA
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Urban Forestry ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Trunk Diameter

Sometimes there are situations when it is necessary to determine the size of cutlogs in the logging area in its absence. Mostly such situations arise in the detectionof illegal logging. They can also occur in the case legal harvesting, when the tenantof a forest plot does not receive the scheduled volumes of timber for which he paidthe money. In this case, the diameters of the felled trees are determined by the treestumps. Recalculation of diameters is carried out on special tables developed in theearly 20th century. Studies conducted in Krasnoyarsk, Khabarovsk, Bryansk(Russia), Gomel (Belarus), showed the need to refine the data of scaling tables forlocal conditions. Large discrepancies between actual and tabular trees appear withthe increasing diameter of the tree. Studies of the relation of the formation of thebutt log of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the Perm region was carried out in 2015-2016. Forest plots were selected in different forest types of the middle taiga(Nirobskii forestry) and southern taiga (Perm urban forestry). Measurement of treeswas carried out in pure pine stands at the age of 75-130 years. The stand density ofthe plantings was of 0.6-0.8. In each forest type the replication of studies wasthreefold. Studies have shown that trunks of pines formed a fuller bole in the Permregion, than the established scaling tables. For trees 40cm in diameter,recalculation leads to underestimation of the pine tree trunk diameter by 1-2diameter class. That is understating the actual volume of felled tree by (16-20 %).There were no significant differences in the formation of the pine bole between theforest zones or by the corresponding types of forest. Also, there were no significantdifferences between forest types, which allows using a single conversion scale forthe taiga part of the Perm Territory. Due to the fact that the relative completenessof the comparative stands were close, the influence of the distance between thetrees on the development of the butt of pine trunks was not detected.

scholarly journals Decomposition of Sphagnum mosses in Western Siberia bog ecosystems (on the example of Sphagnum fuscum)

2021 ◽  
Vol 928 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
E K Vishnyakova
Keyword(s):  
Decay Rate ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
First Year ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mass Losses ◽  
Sphagnum Fuscum ◽  
Dynamic Decomposition

Abstract On the base of experiments there were recorded the greatest mass losses of Sphagnum fuscum samples flat palsa mires in the first year of experiment, in the following years decay rate decreased significantly (from 24 % to 16 %). On middle taiga bogs there was observed decay rate increasing over the third year while on southern taiga bogs Sphagnum fuscum was decomposed almost evenly over three years. On ridges of ridge-hollow complex of middle taiga and southern taiga mass losses under destruction were greater than those in ryams. The most dynamic decomposition was recorded for forest-steppe ryam with decay mass losses over three years of 56% average.

scholarly journals The emission of methane: ideology and methodology of «Standard model» for Western Siberia

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1S) ◽  
pp. 176-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
M V Glagolev
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Methane Flux ◽  
Northern Taiga ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Empirical Distributions ◽  
Natural Zone ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Wetland Types

The “standard model” consist on a) typical empirical distributions of CH 4 emission for main wetland landscapes in each natural zone of Western Siberia; b) durations of “period of CH 4-emission” (Tundra - 103 days, Forest-Tundra - 120 days, Northern Taiga - 138 days, Middle Taiga - 166 days, Southern Taiga - 172 days, Subtaiga - 193 days, and Forested steppe - 201 days); c) areas of different wetland types in each zone. For accounting future improvements we denominate this model by the code, for example: “Aa1” (first letter denominate the used period of CH 4-emission, second letter - the used areas of wetlands, and third - typical values of methane flux). New estimation of the regional methane emission from West Siberian wetlands (4.9 ± 2.3 Тg/year or 3.7 ± 1.7 ТgС/year) was calculated from “standard model” Aa1.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF LOCAL BACKGROUND CONTENT OF SOME MACRO- AND MICROELEMENTS IN THE SOILS OF THE PERM REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-108
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Dziuba ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Geochemical Properties ◽  
Local Background ◽  
Background Content ◽  
Perm Region

According to the V.I. Vernadsky law, chemical elements are distributed unevenly in natural objects. Knowledge of the content of chemical elements in a particular area helps in solving various environmental problems. As a result of economic activity, there occurs anthropogenic transformation of the natural environment, including changes in the geochemical properties of landscapes. For an objective assessment of the anthropogenic impact when studying various territories, it is necessary to take into account the background content of macro- and microelements. Since there is a constant anthropogenic impact on the natural environment, the data on background content must be updated. The article presents the results of the content study conducted for some macro- and microelements (Sr, Pb, As, Zn, Ni, Co, Fe2O3, MnO, Cr, V, TiO2) in landscapes in the Perm region. To determine the content of these elements, the method of X-ray fluorescence analysis was applied. As a result, the geochemical specialization of the region and its natural areas (Northern Urals, Western Urals, Middle Taiga, South Taiga, Mixed Coniferous-broad-leaved Forests and Kungur forest-steppe) was determined, geochemical series were constructed, accumulating and dispersing elements were identified. The local background content of the studied elements was determined for each natural area and also the Perm region as a whole. The data obtained can be used to assess the anthropogenic impact on the natural environment.

scholarly journals NETWORK OF PROTECTED NATURAL AREAS IN THE PERM REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Buzmakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Northern Urals ◽  
Protected Natural Areas ◽  
Perm Region

The paper considers the modern network of protected natural areas in the Perm region. The study determines the current status of the network and the priorities of its geographical formation; investigates representation of six natural areas in the network; identifies the role of protected areas in biodiversity conservation. Based on the regional method, the degree of the protected areas natural environment degradation has been established. The network of protected areas consists of 361 objects of federal, regional and local significance. The total area reaches 10.7% of the Perm region‘s territory. The main component of the network is represented by 257 protected areas of regional importance. In the region, 6 natural areas have been identified: middle taiga, southern taiga, mixed coniferous-deciduous forests, Kungur forest-steppe, Western Urals, Northern Urals. Theinternational level of the protected areas network development has only been achieved in the Northern Urals. The share of protected areas in the middle taiga is higher than the average Russian level; for mixed coniferous-deciduous forests, it is close to the average Russian level. The least protected are southern taiga (4.8%) and forest-steppe ecosystems (3.8%). The most disastrous is conservation of the natural environment of the Kungur forest-steppe. There is a very small number of forest-steppe areas suitable for creating full-fledged protected areas. 89 rare species of biota inhabit the protected areas. All mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fish and invertebrates that are rare for the Perm region are covered with complete protection. Outside the network of protected areas, there are habitats of 7 species of birds, 21 species of angiosperms, 1 species of the fern-like, lycopods and lichen. On this basis, it is possible to develop territorial protection measures. The average environmental degradation of regional protected areas in the Perm region as a whole is 1.45 points. The degradation of protected areas is increasing in the series: middle taiga – Northern Urals – southern taiga – Western Urals – mixed coniferous-deciduous forests – Kungur forest-steppe.

scholarly journals Urbanization effect on ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raisa A Sukhodolskaya ◽  
Anatoliy A Saveliev ◽  
Natalya I Eremeeva ◽  
Iraida G Vorobyova
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Urbanization Effect ◽  
Poecilus Cupreus ◽  
Pterostichus Melanarius ◽  
Regions Of Russia

We sampled beetles in different regions of Russia (Tatarstan Republic, Mariy El Republic, Udmurtia Republic, Kemerovo, Sverdlovsk, Stavropol, Cis-Ural provinces) at sites which varied in the level of anthropogenic impact and vegetation. We used linear models to clarify how urbanization affected body size variation in studied species. All of them were palearctic generalists – Carabus granulatus, Carabus cancellatus, Pterostichus melanarius, Pterostichus niger, Poecilus cupreus, and only Carabus aeruginosus was a Siberian one. Beetles we measured for six dimensional traits. In a whole 12000 specimen have been analyzed. Results showed that different traits of Ground Beetles can response to urbanization in opposite directions: e.g. in some studies species factor “city” decreased elytra length, but increased its width and vise versa. Effect of “city” and “suburbs” factors had different directions, e. g. in a given species body size decreased in cities but in suburbs it increased and verse versa. Cognate species, which occupy similar ecological niches, have responded to urbanization in opposite directions. Females and males can respond to urbanization in opposite directions, the latter lead to the significant body size sexual dimorphism in the gradient of urbanization.

scholarly journals GEOCHEMICAL PECULIARITIES OF TOP PEAT IN MIDDLE TAIGA OF THE PRE-OB REGION

2012 ◽  
pp. 34-45
Author(s):  
Yu. N. Vodyanitsky ◽  
A. T. Savichev ◽  
N. F. Avetov ◽  
S. Ya. Trofimov ◽  
S. A. Kozlov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Geochemical Anomaly ◽  
Mountain Systems

The top peat in middle taiga of the Pre-Ob region represents a highly negative geochemical anomaly of several chemical elements as compared to that in southern taiga located in the middle and upper parts of this region. Obviously, due to close location of mountain systems (Altai, Salair ridge, Kuznetsk Alatau) and the aerial dust transfer the top peat in southern taiga is enriched with the major metals; this process is unachievable for the remote middle part of the Pre-Ob region.

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