Phylogenetic position of Phlojodicarpus villosus (Apiaceae) based on ITS and trnH-psbA nucleotide sequences

The aim of our work was to obtain chloroplast (trnH-psbA) and nuclear (ITS1-ITS2) DNA nucleotide sequences and identify the phylogenetic position of Phlojodicarpus villosus (Apiaceae). This species of vascular plants is represented in the Urals by isolated relic populations and is included in the regional Red Data Books. There is no data on P. villosus nucleotide sequences in the international open genetic databases. We studied two herbarium specimens of P. villosus, one collected from the Ural part of its range in the Komi Republic (Northern Urals) and the second collected from the main part of its range in the Magadan Region (Kolyma Highlands). Combining nuclear and chloroplast markers made it possible to reliably determine phylogenetic position of P. villosus within the tribe Selineae (subfamily Apioideae, family Apiaceae). We found ITS1-ITS2 and trnH-psbA nucleotide sequences to be sufficiently informative to identify specimens of this genus. High polymorphism of P. villosus sequences obtained from different parts of its range (Northern Urals and Kolyma Highlands) and the presence of evolutionary events (deletions) require more detail study of P. villosus and other Phlojodicarpus taxa by DNA barcoding methods.

Тrophic structures and the specifcs of paleocoenosis of the Middle-Upper Carboniferous skeletal mounds on the Shchuger River (Northern Urals)

Research subject. Organogenic structures such as the Moscowian-Kasimovian skeletal mounds from the Verkhnie vorota section on the Shchuger River (Northern Urals). Materials and methods. The lithological-paleoecological analysis of biohermal limestones and the determination of their fauna in thin sections (60 samples) and polished slabs (10 samples) taken in outcrops 39 on the Shchuger River, 89 m thick. Results. It is revealed that the Middle-Upper Carboniferous skeletal mounds were characterized by a three-level food chain at three stages of their development. Cyanobacteria, calcimicrobes and green algae were the suppliers of organic matter. Their further consumers were bryozoans, brachiopods, fusulinids, small foraminifera and bacteria. Omnivores and predators were absent. It is found that, heterotrophs were the most common organisms at the stabilization stage, while autotrophs were typical of the colonization stage. The paleocenoses of the Kasimovian skeletal mound had a more extensive composition. Here, each developmental stage was represented by two types of paleocenosis, compared to the Moscowian mound. Conclusions. It is found that the main external abiotic factors that controlled the development of the biocenosis in the sites under study were the hydrodynamic regime and sea level fluctuations. An important internal factor was the development of bio-induced cement on the skeletons of organisms, which contributed to the formation of solid frameworks of buildings. Another internal factor was the widespread occurrence of Anchicodiaceae algae, which caused a decrease in the biodiversity of other groups of organisms. The data obtained allowed us to conclude that a shallow sea basin with a good aeration and low hydrodynamic regime existed in this area in the MiddleLate Carboniferous. A decrease in the basin area in the Late Carboniferous was manifested by a reduction in not only algal taxa, but also the biodiversity of the entire ecosystem.

Mineralogy of the Vorontsovskoe gold deposit (Northern Urals). Part 4: Oxysalts

This is a fnal paper in a series of publications devoted to the mineralogy of the Vorontsovskoe gold deposit in the Northern Urals. The article reports on oxygen compounds (oxyhalides, oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, sulfates, tungstates, phosphates, arsenates and silicates) of the Vorontsovskoe deposit, their chemical composition and, for selected minerals, unit-cell parameters and optical properties. Armenite, claudetite, ramsdellite, hingganite-(Nd) and chapmanite are found for the frst time in Russian Federation. As a conclusion for the entire series of publications, the general features of mineralogy of the Vorontsovskoe deposit are discussed, thanks to which it is considered as a unique mineral locality not only in Urals but in general in Russia.

Mineralogy of the Vorontsovskoe gold deposit (Northern Urals). Part 3: sulfosalts

This paper continues a series of publications devoted to the mineralogy of the Vorontsovskoe gold deposit in the Northern Urals (Kasatkin et al., 2020, 2021). The article reports on sulfosalts of the deposit, their chemical compositions, as well as unit-cell parameters, optical properties and Raman spectra of some minerals. For eight new mineral species discovered by the authors (auerbakhite, vorontsovite, gladkovskyite, gungerite, luborzakite, pokhodyashinite, ferrovorontsovite, tsygankoite), we provide their density, hardness, refectance spectra and crystal structure. Arsiccioite, benavidesite, bernardite, boscardinite, veenite, weissbergite, vrbaite, heptasartorite, heteromorphite, guettardite, gillulyite, dalnegroite, drechslerite, sicherite, imhofte, christite, cupropolybasite, lafttite, lorandite, manganoquadratite, nowackiite, oyonite, parapierrotite, rebulite, roshchinite, twinnite, philrothite, hutchinsonite, stalderite, ecrinsite and enneasartorite are found for the frst time in Russian Federation.

GRANITOID MAGMATISM IN THE NORTH OF THE URALS: U–Pb AGE, EVOLUTION, SOURCES

This work presents the summarization of U–Pb (SIMS, TIMS) zircon dates and petrogeochemical signatures of granitoids of the north of the Urals (Polar, Subpolar, and Northern Urals) obtained over the last decade. Granitе melts were formed from melting of different substrates, highly heterogeneous in composition and age, at all geodynamic stages distinguished in the studied area. Preuralides include island arc–accretionary (735–720 Ma, 670 Ma), collisional (650–520 Ma), and rift-related (520–480 Ma) granitoids. Uralides includes primitive island-arc granitoids (460–429 Ma), mature island-arc granitoids (412–368 Ma), early collisional (360–316 Ma) and late collisional (277–249 Ma) granitoids. As a result, the general trend of variations of oxygen (δ18OZrn, ‰), neodymium (εNd(t)wr), and hafnium (εHf(t)Zrn) isotope compositions identified in time. Mantle isotope compositions (δ18OZrn (+5.6), εNd(t)wr (+1.7), εHf(t)Zrn (+8.7...+10.6)), common for island arc granitoids (Preuralides) are changed by crustal–mantle ones (δ18OZrn (+7.2...+8.5), εNd(t)wr (–4.8...+1.8), εHf(t)Zrn (+2.1 to +13)), typical of collisional granites. According to this, the crustal matter played a significant role during the formation of the latter. The crustal-mantle isotope compositions are changed by the mantle ones, characteristic of rift-related (δ18OZrn (+4.7...+7), εNd(t)wr (+0.7...+5.6), εHf(t)Zrn (–2.04...+12.5)) and island-arc (Uralides; δ18OZrn (+4.2...+5.7), εNd(t)wr (+4.1...+7.4), εHf(t)Zrn (+12...+15.2)) granitoids.

The Features of Native Gold in Ore-Bearing Breccias with Realgar-Orpiment Cement of the Vorontsovskoe Deposit (Northern Urals, Russia)

This paper describes native gold in ore-bearing breccias with realgar-orpiment cement from the Vorontsovskoe gold deposit (Northern Urals, Russia). Particular attention is paid to the morphological features of native gold and its relation to other minerals. The latter include both common (orpiment, barite, pyrite, prehnite, realgar) and rare species (Tl and Hg sulfosalts, such as boscardinite, dalnegroite, écrinsite, gillulyite, parapierrotite, routhierite, sicherite, vrbaite, etc.). The general geological and geochemical patterns of the Turyinsk-Auerbakh metallogenic province, including the presence of small non-economic copper porphyry deposits and general trend in change of the composition of native gold (an increase in the fineness of gold from high-temperature skarns to low-temperature realgar-orpiment breccias) confirm that the Vorontsovskoe deposit is an integral part of a large ore-magmatic system genetically associated with the formation of the Auerbakh intrusion.