scholarly journals Fossil wood diversity record from Merangin region, Jambi, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 914 (1) ◽  
pp. 012067
Author(s):  
Andianto ◽  
R Damayanti ◽  
L M Dewi ◽  
A Ismanto ◽  
H Oktariani
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Fossil Wood ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Geological History ◽  
Late Permian ◽  
Late Pliocene ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Geological Age ◽  
Microscopic Features

Abstract Merangin is a region in Jambi province, Indonesia, which well-known for its geodiversity. As part of geodiversity, fossil woods play an important role in reconstructing the ancient trees during geological history. Since the study on fossil wood origin Merangin Regency, Jambi, is still limited, this study was conducted to determine fossil wood identity through anatomical features observation and estimate the age of fossil wood samples through geological analysis. The anatomical characteristics were observed using a light microscope to identify the botanical identity of the discovered fossil wood samples. The description of anatomical features refered to the IAWA list of microscopic features for hardwood identification. The result showed that all fossil woods had similarities with the modern wood from the Dipterocarpaceae family, namely Dryobalanoxylon sp. (Kamper), Hopenium sp. (Merawan/Hopea), Shoreoxylon sp. (Meranti), and Cotylelobioxylon sp. (Giam/Resak). These fossil woods were found in different estimated geological age namely Late Permian/Perem age (254-252 million years old), Late Miocene age (7.24-5.33 million years old); Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene age (3.60-2.58 million years old); and Holocene age (11,700 years old - present). Another approach by using Global Mapper 11 resulted that all the fossil woods were estimated grown in Permian age (290 - 250 million years).

scholarly journals The timing of fjord formation and early glaciations in North and Northeast Greenland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivi Kathrine Pedersen ◽  
Nicolaj Krog Larsen ◽  
David Lundbek Egholm
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Early History ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Late Pliocene ◽  
Isostatic Uplift ◽  
History Of ◽  
Erosional Unloading ◽  
North Greenland

<p>The timing and extent of early glaciations in Greenland, and their co-evolution with the underlying landscape remain elusive. In this study, we explore the timing of fjord erosion in Northeast and North Greenland between Scoresby Sund (70°N) and Independence Fjord (82°N). By determining the timing of fjord formation, we can improve our understanding of the early history of the Greenland Ice Sheet in these regions.</p><p>We use the concept of geophysical relief to estimate fjord erosion and calculate the subsequent flexural isostatic response to erosional unloading. The timing of erosion and isostatic uplift is constrained by marine sediments of late Pliocene-early Pleistocene age that are now exposed on land between ~24 and 230 m a.s.l.</p><p>We find that the northern Independence Fjord system must have formed by glacial erosion at average rates of ~0.5-1 mm/yr since ~2.5 Ma, in order to explain the current elevation of the marine Kap København Formation by erosion-induced isostatic uplift. In contrast, fjord formation in the outer parts of southward Scoresby Sund commenced before the Pleistocene, most likely in late Miocene, and continued throughout the Pleistocene by fjord formation progressing inland. Our results suggest that the inception of the Greenland Ice Sheet began in the central parts of Northeast Greenland before the Pleistocene and spread to North Greenland only at the onset of the Pleistocene.  </p>

Systematics and paleobiogeography of Sardolagus obscurus n. gen. n. sp. (Leporidae, Lagomorpha) from the early Pleistocene of Sardinia

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Angelone ◽  
Stanislav Čermák ◽  
Blanca Moncunill-Solé ◽  
Josep Quintana ◽  
Caterinella Tuveri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Late Pliocene ◽  
Phylogenetic Origin ◽  
Middle And Late Pleistocene ◽  
Insular Endemic ◽  
Early Late

AbstractThe extreme rareness of Sardinian fossil sites older than Middle and Late Pleistocene makes the Monte Tuttavista karst complex (E Sardinia, Italy) very important. Remarkable lagomorph material, recovered from several fissure infillings of Monte Tuttavista referable to the Capo Figari/Orosei 1 and Orosei 2 faunal sub-complexes (early Pleistocene, ~2.1/1.9–1.1 Ma), allowed us to describe a new endemic insular leporid, Sardolagus obscurus n. gen. n. sp. The new taxon is characterized by a peculiar combination of an advanced p3 (Lepus-type) and a primitive P2 lacking deep flexa. The origin of such discrepancy, unprecedented among continental and insular endemic European leporids, is unclear. It could be the result of: (1) an independent evolution of p3 from an ancestor bearing the primitive P2/p3 (e.g., Alilepus, Hypolagus), or (2) a selective reversal morphocline from an Oryctolagus/Lepus-like leporine. The lack of data about the phylogenetic origin of the new taxon makes any inference about its possible arrival to Sardinia problematic. Crossing the European leporid records and evidence of migrations to Sardinia, we hypothesize three possible ages in which the ancestor of Sardolagus obscurus could have arrived in Sardinia, restricted to the late Miocene–early/late Pliocene (~8–3.6 Ma). The phylogenetic relationship between Sardolagus obscurus n. gen. n. sp. and the oldest Sardinian leporid, recorded from Capo Mannu D1 and dated at the early/late Pliocene boundary (~3.6 Ma), is unclear at present, however it is quite likely that they pertain to the same lineage.UUID: http://zoobank.org/ca8e0023-7c9d-4b00-a294-d166c37c5c71

scholarly journals Millennial-scale climate change and oceanic processes in the Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 535-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Mc Intyre ◽  
Margaret L. Delaney ◽  
A. Christina Ravelo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Late Pliocene ◽  
Millennial Scale

Pl@ntwood: A Computer-Assisted Identification Tool for 110 species of amazon trees based on wood Anatomical Features

IAWA Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Sarmiento ◽  
Pierre Détienne ◽  
Christine Heinz ◽  
Jean-François Molino ◽  
Pierre Grard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
System A ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
On Line ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Identification Tool

Sustainable management and conservation of tropical trees and forests require accurate identification of tree species. Reliable, user-friendly identification tools based on macroscopic morphological features have already been developed for various tree floras. Wood anatomical features provide also a considerable amount of information that can be used for timber traceability, certification and trade control. Yet, this information is still poorly used, and only a handful of experts are able to use it for plant species identification. Here, we present an interactive, user-friendly tool based on vector graphics, illustrating 99 states of 27 wood characters from 110 Amazonian tree species belonging to 34 families. Pl@ntWood is a graphical identification tool based on the IDAO system, a multimedia approach to plant identification. Wood anatomical characters were selected from the IAWA list of microscopic features for hardwood identification, which will enable us to easily extend this work to a larger number of species. A stand-alone application has been developed and an on-line version will be delivered in the near future. Besides allowing non-specialists to identify plants in a user-friendly interface, this system can be used with different purposes such as teaching, conservation, management, and selftraining in the wood anatomy of tropical species.

scholarly journals Khorbas: a Lower Palaeolithic site on Qeshm Island in the Persian Gulf

Antiquity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (358) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirvan Mohammadi Ghasrian
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Zagros Mountains ◽  
The West ◽  
Qeshm Island ◽  
Late Pliocene ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Lower Palaeolithic

Despite the potential importance of southern Iran, and the Persian Gulf area in particular, for discussions on the dispersal of early hominins from Africa into Eurasia during the late Pliocene and early Pleistocene (Bar-Yosef & Belfer-Cohen 2001; Rose 2010), this area has remained almost unexplored until recently. Historically, Palaeolithic survey and excavations in Iran have mainly concentrated in western regions, especially the Zagros Mountains. As a result of recent studies, however, evidence for Palaeolithic sites in the southern regions of Iran, from Fars province to Qeshm Island, has greatly increased (Dashtizade 2009, 2010). Even with this improvement, no sites of Lower Palaeolithic date have yet been reported from the southern coastal areas on one of the proposed early hominin routes into Eurasia. As a result, it has been suggested that the few Lower Palaeolithic sites reported from other parts of Iran, especially in the west (e.g. Biglari & Shidrang 2006), were not populated from the south.

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