scholarly journals Numerical simulation of skin formation: epidermal stem cells and undulation of the basal layer

2021 ◽  
Vol 1137 (1) ◽  
pp. 012040
Author(s):  
Shu Oba ◽  
Katsuya Nagayama
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Epidermal Stem Cells ◽  
Skin Formation

scholarly journals Basal cells in the epidermis and epidermal differentiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghvendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clonal Growth ◽  
Growth Analysis ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Lineage Tracing ◽  
Epidermal Differentiation ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Epidermal Stem Cells ◽  
Cellular Composition ◽  
Developmental Patterning

Abstract A definite identification of epidermal stem cells is not known and the mechanism of epidermal differentiation is not fully understood. Toward both of these quests, considerable information is available from the research on lineage tracing and clonal growth analysis in the basal layer of the epidermis, on the hair follicle and interfollicular epidermal stem cells, and on Wnt signaling along with its role in developmental patterning and cell differentiation. In this paper, literature on the aforementioned research has been collated and analyzed. In addition, models of basal layer cellular composition and epidermal differentiation have been presented.

scholarly journals Epidermal Stem Cells in Wound Healing and Regeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronghua Yang ◽  
Jingru Wang ◽  
Xiaodong Chen ◽  
Yan Shi ◽  
Julin Xie
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Cell Transformation ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Epidermal Stem Cells ◽  
Skin Development ◽  
Cell Sources ◽  
Skin Healing

Skin stem cells distributed in the basal layer of the epidermis and hair follicles are important cell sources for skin development, metabolism, and injury repair. At present, great progress has been made in the study of epidermal stem cells at the cellular and molecular levels. Stem cell transplantation is reported to promote skin healing, endothelial cell transformation, and vascular formation. Local stem cells can also be transformed into keratinocytes, sebaceous gland, and other skin-associated tissues. However, the mechanism of action of epidermal stem cells on wound healing and regeneration is not completely clear. This review is aimed at briefly summarizing the biological characteristics of epidermal stem cells and their clinical application in wound healing and tissue regeneration. It further discussed the mechanism of action and the development direction in the future.

Repair of deep skin burn defects with cultured epidermal stem cells and acellular amniotic membranes

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. S39-S39
Author(s):  
Dewu Liu ◽  
Honglan Xiong ◽  
Yuangui Mao ◽  
Peixin Huang ◽  
Jianping Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Epidermal Stem Cells ◽  
Skin Burn ◽  
Amniotic Membranes

scholarly journals Patterns of Cell Division and the Risk of Cancer

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 163 (4) ◽  
pp. 1527-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A Frank ◽  
Yoh Iwasa ◽  
Martin A Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Mutation Rates ◽  
Tissue Architecture ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Cell Mutation ◽  
Long Stem ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Transit Cell

Abstract Epidermal and intestinal tissues divide throughout life to replace lost surface cells. These renewing tissues have long-lived basal stem cell lineages that divide many times, each division producing one stem cell and one transit cell. The transit cell divides a limited number of times, producing cells that move up from the basal layer and eventually slough off from the surface. If mutation rates are the same in stem and transit divisions, we show that minimal cancer risk is obtained by using the fewest possible stem divisions subject to the constraints imposed by the need to renew the tissue. In this case, stem cells are a necessary risk imposed by the constraints of tissue architecture. Cairns suggested that stem cells may have lower mutation rates than transit cells do. We develop a mathematical model to study the consequences of different stem and transit mutation rates. Our model shows that stem cell mutation rates two or three orders of magnitude less than transit mutation rates may favor relatively more stem divisions and fewer transit divisions, perhaps explaining how renewing tissues allocate cell divisions between long stem and short transit lineages.

scholarly journals Reducing alcohol and/or cocaine-induced reward and toxicity via an epidermal stem cell-based gene delivery platform

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingyao Kong ◽  
Yuanyuan Li ◽  
Jiping Yue ◽  
Xiaoyang Wu ◽  
Ming Xu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Gene Delivery ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Skin Grafts ◽  
Epidermal Stem Cell ◽  
Epidermal Stem Cells ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
Delivery Platform ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

AbstractAlcohol use disorder (AUD) is one of the foremost public health problems. Alcohol is also frequently co-abused with cocaine. There is a huge unmet need for the treatment of AUD and/or cocaine co-abuse. We recently demonstrated that skin grafts generated from mouse epidermal stem cells that had been engineered by CRISPR-mediated genome editing could be transplanted onto mice as a gene delivery platform. Here, we show that expression of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) gene delivered by epidermal stem cells attenuated development and reinstatement of alcohol-induced drug-taking and seeking as well as voluntary oral alcohol consumption. GLP1 derived from the skin grafts decreased alcohol-induced increase in dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens. In exploring the potential of this platform in reducing concurrent use of drugs, we developed a novel co-grafting procedure for both modified human butyrylcholinesterase (hBChE)- and GLP1-expressing cells. Epidermal stem cell-derived hBChE and GLP1 reduced acquisition of drug-taking and toxicity induced by alcohol and cocaine co-administration. These results imply that cutaneous gene delivery through skin transplants may add a new option to treat drug abuse and co-abuse.

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