Relationship between Heavy Metal Content in Polluted Soil and Soil Organic Matter and pH in Mining Areas

The study examined the effect of polluted soil on early growth performance of Pentaclethra macro-phlylla. The objectives of the study were to determine the heavy metal content of the soil and the effect on the growth of this species. Soil samples were collected from an abandoned Sunshine battery facto-ry in Essien Udim Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State using soil auger. The samples, collect-ed at different soil depths and at various distances, were divided into two parts. A part was analysed in the laboratory to determine the heavy metal content of the soil using digestion and atomic absorption methods, while the other part was used in raising Pentaclethra macrophyla seedlings in polypots. The result of analysis of variance of the soil samples considering the distances showed significant differ-ence in the distribution of copper and lead only (P<0.05), while no significant difference occurred among the concentrations of all the heavy metals at different soil depths. The ranges of concentration of metals in the polluted soil samples in mg/kg were Zn (13.90-41.30), Bo (11.40-27.10), Cd (61.10-77.10), Cu (5.35-49.75), Pb (53.10-153.70), As (0.40-4.50) and Se (1.80-4.30), while the control rec-orded the least amount of Pb (2.40-4.30 mg/kg). On the average, seedlings raised in soils collected from the point of waste disposal (epicentre) had the least growth values in terms of total leaf number (166), stem height (21.90cm), branch number (1.4) and branchlet number (8.8). This signifies stunted growth, which is likely due to the high concentrations of Pb and Cu. Factories should therefore be compelled to eliminate heavy metals before disposing their waste into the environment.

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Rapid and High-Efficient Composting Process of Municipal Sewage Surplus Sludge

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.464.184 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 464 ◽

pp. 184-188

Author(s):

Chong Hao Huang ◽

Yong Zhang ◽

Jun Hong Luo

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Total Phosphorus ◽

Metal Content ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Sewage Treatment Plant ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Heavy Metal Content ◽

High Efficient

This thesis is based on the target of the sludge which was dehydrated and percolated by sewage treatment plant. It conducts the feasibility analysis for the agricultural usage of sludge in cities, and carries out composting experiment of dehydrated and filtered sludge which lasts for about fifteen days. This thesis also does some research on the techniques of composting and parameters of sludge. This thesis has some researches on the temperature of sludge, moisture, organic matter, pH, total phosphorus content of nitrogen, heavy metals content and forms, the germination rate index (GI), and other changes during the process of composting. The results show that, after the composting, there has a significant decline in moisture content of the sludge and the organic matters; pH remains neutral; nitrogen has declined; total phosphorus increased. Composting can make majority of heavy metals reduced which was absorbed by the plant that means the decline of unstable heavy metal content. After the composting, germinations rate index (GI) is more than 50 percent, which shows that the composting products have no toxicity and indicates the maturity of composting. Through the analysis of the organic matter of the sludge plant, PH, plant nutrients (N, P,) content, heavy metal content and its forms of distribution and germination rate index (GI), it shows that the sludge of this plant has a good agricultural prospect.

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Evaluation of Soil and Irrigation Water Quality in Caohai Lakeside Zone

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su132212866 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (22) ◽

pp. 12866

Author(s):

Yi Tan ◽

Quanquan Wei ◽

Bangxi Zhang ◽

Zijing Zheng ◽

Jiulan Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Fertility ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Metal Content ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Heavy Metal Content ◽

Current Status ◽

Irrigation Water Quality

Due to the rapid population growth and over-application of fertilizers in the Caohai surrounding farmlands, controlling the non-point source pollution in the Caohai Lakeside Zone is significant for the local ecology balance and human health safety. A total of 54 soil and 24 irrigation water samples were collected in the Caohai Lakeside Zone to evaluate the current status of soil fertility and heavy metal pollution by measuring soil and water heavy metal content and soil physicochemical properties such as soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, organic matter, and soil pH. These results showed that the total amounts of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and effective nutrient content in the Caohai Lakeside Zone were all at a rich level according to Chinese soil nutrient grade standard; the content of lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As) in the soil all exceeds the safety standard of Chinese classification of soil environmental quality assessment. In addition, the over-standard rates of Cd and Cr were 24.1% and 14.8%, respectively. On the whole, the comprehensive quality index (CQI) of the soil in the Caohai Lakeside Zone is 6.48, which is attributed to the heavy Cd pollution and the good soil fertility. The heavy metal content of the irrigation water met the requirements of irrigation water quality. It is feasible to use the irrigation water of Caohai Lake in the actual agricultural production process. Therefore, in terms of the comprehensive management and pollution control of Caohai, special attention should be paid to the control of Cd, Pb, As, and Hg pollution sources.

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Heavy Metal Content and Physico-Chemical Analyses of Soils under the Litter of some Medicinal Taxa in the Luki Biosphere Reserve, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology ◽

10.9734/ajee/2021/v14i330208 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 19-35

Author(s):

Florent Biduaya Mukeba ◽

Myriam Mukadi Ngondo ◽

Nazaire Kabemba Kadima ◽

Prince Bofati Ilonga ◽

Patrick Kayembe Bibasuya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Metal Content ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Biosphere Reserve ◽

Matter Content ◽

Heavy Metal Content ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Canadian Council ◽

Cadmium Lead

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the texture, mineral element and heavy metal content of the soil under the litter of different selected species in relation to the plan of their pedogenesis. Methods: The granulometric analysis of the various samples based on laser diffraction, measurements of Total Nitrogen and Total Organic Carbon were performed using the Elemental Analyzer, the Organic Matter content is estimated by the loss of ignition method using a Salvis furnace, In order to estimate the CaCO3 content. The same samples were heated in the oven at 1000°C for 60 minutes and reweighed. The carbonate content is estimated by the loss in mass during this second firing, multiplied by 2.274 which is the molecular weight ratio between CaCO3 and CO2. The heavy metal and mineral composition was evaluated by ICP-AES and AAS. Results: The granulometric analyses show a sandy texture, according to the FAO classification. The organic matter content thus observed in the soils under the litter of these four species did not show any significant difference. The concentration of major mineral elements recorded in soils under the litter of Blighia welwitchii, Oncoba welwitschii, Zanthoxylum gilletii and Harungana madagascariensis did not show any significant difference. However, potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium have a high concentration compared to calcium and sodium. This study showed that the levels of cadmium, lead, arsenic and aluminum in the various samples of litter soils of all plant species including nickel for B. welwitschii are above the standards set by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment for soil quality. Pollution factors for aluminum are the highest. This indicates that aluminum is the most polluting metal. The low pollution factors for lead and nickel are due to the low fixation of these metals by soils. Conclusions: Our study took place in the Luki Biosphere reserve and showed that the different soils under litter are polluted by very toxic and persistent heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, aluminum, arsenic and nickel. This study has revealed new aspects of heavy metal pollution. This pollution represents a serious threat to the environment in general and to humans in particular through the food chain.

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Hyperspectral-based Inversion of Heavy Metal Content in the Soil of Coal Mining Areas

Journal of Environmental Quality ◽

10.2134/jeq2018.04.0130 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 57-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Le Hou ◽

Xinju Li ◽

Fang Li

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Coal Mining ◽

Metal Content ◽

Heavy Metal Content ◽

Mining Areas

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Study of The Pharmacological Activity and Heavy Metal Content of Eichhornia Crassipes Extract

ICONIET PROCEEDING ◽

10.33555/iconiet.v2i2.17 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 91-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jimmy Jimmy ◽

Diah Indriani Widiputri ◽

Paulus Gunawan

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Pharmacological Activity ◽

Water Hyacinth ◽

Metal Content ◽

Eichhornia Crassipes ◽

High Light Intensity ◽

Milling Process ◽

Heavy Metal Content ◽

Solvent Ratio ◽

Negative Impacts

Eichhornia crassipes is well-known as water hyacinth. Water hyacinth grows rapidly in the nutrient-rich water and high light intensity places. The uncontrollable growth of water hyacinth has caused many negative impacts to the environment. For instance, interrupted water transport and decreased population of aquatic lives. The capacity of utilising water hyacinth is slower than water hyacinth growth and water hyacinth is still considered as a threat to theecosystem. This work was focused on the study of the pharmacological activity and heavy metal content of water hyacinth in Lake Cipondoh, Tangerang. Fresh water hyacinth was pre-treated through oven-drying and milling process. After that, each part of the plant was macerated by using multiple extraction method with 96% ethanol/water and three variations of sample-to-solvent ratios (1:30, 1:50, and 1:75 w/v). The result of the experiment showed thatwater hyacinth leaves produced an extract with lowest IC 50 (55.76 ± 6.73 ppm) compared toother parts. The most optimum solvent used to achieve this result was 96% ethanol/water (1:1 v/v). In order to obtain the lowest antioxidant activity, the sample to solvent ratio used was 1:50 and the heavy metal in the extract was very low. With this result, it was concluded that there is a promising opportunity to apply the water hyacinth growing in Lake Cipondoh, Tangerang as herbal medicine ingredient. Through this utilization, the overall number of water hyacinth in Indonesia can be reduced or at the least be controlled, so that the environmental problem caused by this plant can be minimized.

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