Possibilities of Transformation of Public Space in Multi-Family Housing Estates in Polish Conditions – Case of the Bajka Estate in Bydgoszcz-Fordon

The paper focuses on the phenomenon of intense, uncontrolled densification of large-panel housing estates in Poland. Despite the fact that such housing estates as a legacy of the Modernist concept of segregation of functions are often burdened with problems, they still have considerable potential, which results predominantly from their urban advantages, such as functional and spatial logic, large amounts of open public space, and abundance of greenery. Unfortunately, this potential is being destroyed by introducing new buildings, ignoring the existing urban layout of the housing estate along with its original compositional assumptions. This type of densification results from—without limitations—the pressure exerted by developers in the free-market economy, and it often leads to problems such as the devastation of urban layouts of these housing estates, breaking the continuity of public spaces, appropriation of green areas, strengthening of monofunctionality, etc. This problem is becoming noticeable in the scientific debate, although it is still difficult to obtain reliable data illustrating the densifications of such housing estates. The goal of this paper is to present the scales and character of such densifications of the large-panel housing estates, which pose a threat of devastation of their urban layouts often considered as urban heritage. The paper proposes a method of a quantitative analysis of the housing estates with reference to the increase in the built-up area and a qualitative analysis of the character of development with reference to its distribution. This method comprises a sequence of subsequent steps with relevant criteria. In the results, it demonstrates the scale of the problem, which in many cases is already big and still growing. The resultant threat of devastation of the urban layout and its consequences are presented upon selected examples of housing estates in Cracow, Poland. This paper is a voice in a discussion devoted to the current status, but most of all to the future of large-panel housing estates, particularly in terms of their protection as valuable achievements of urban planning of the second half of the 20th century, and to stopping unfavorable tendencies of urban destruction.

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Gating as exclusionary commoning in a post-socialist city

REGION ◽

10.18335/region.v8i1.265 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 15-32

Author(s):

Maja Grabkowska ◽

Magdalena Szmytkowska

Keyword(s):

Discourse Analysis ◽

Public Space ◽

Urban Areas ◽

The Other ◽

Social Disintegration ◽

Large Housing Estates ◽

The One ◽

Housing Estates ◽

Newspaper Articles

New-build gated condominiums at the periphery of a post-socialist city are a well-studiedphenomenon. However, in Poland, recent years have seen an expansion of residential gating into oldinner-city neighbourhoods and socialist large housing estates. The resulting fragmentation andprivatisation of public space have raised much controversy and debate on appropriation of urbancommon good. This paper presents outcomes of a research on the changing discourse of gating inGdańsk, based on a discourse analysis of newspaper articles and interviews with key urbanstakeholders. On the one hand, gating is seen as an anti-commoning practice criticised for its elitistcharacter and undesirable socio-spatial consequences. On the other, a narrative of exclusionarycommons has emerged to justify the need of gating in specific cases. Considering the varyingmotivations and types of gating in different urban areas, the authors have attempted a classification,relating gating practices to commoning strategies and their justification in localities typicallycharacterised by atomistic individualism and social disintegration.

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Guidelines for the rehabilitation of the housing estate with the CPTED strategy

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Geographica Socio-Oeconomica ◽

10.18778/1508-1117.30.07 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Przemysław Cieślak

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Crime Prevention ◽

Questionnaire Survey ◽

Social Problems ◽

Environmental Design ◽

Design Strategy ◽

Housing Estate ◽

Housing Estates

Contemporary urbanists and architects are faced with the problem of adapting degraded post-communist neighbourhoods to the current needs of their inhabitants. Most of those housing estates need rehabilitation which is understood as an aspiration for reconstruction of settlement’s range as a human-friendly environment and regain it’s lost values. A CPTED strategy could be very helpful to define guidelines for the rehabilitation. Based on Crime Prevention through Environmental Design strategy the features of space like natural surveillance, space clarity, territoriality, the feeling of responsibility for public space and management can affect it’s quality. These aspects were very useful set of criteria for the author to try to express guidelines for the rehabilitation of the housing estate in Pabianice. Methods used in the research included physical inventory of the neighbourhood and questionnaire survey among the sample of 100 inhabitants of the analysed area. Conclusions from the use of both mentioned methods are well supplementing each other and are pointing the most severe spatil and social problems in the area. This how the environment of the housing estate looks like in the eyes of it’s inhabitants and visitors were crucial while shaping guidelines for rehabilitation

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Change of the communication service model on the example of the housing from the 2nd half of the 20th century "Pod Dalnią" in Kielce

Acta Innovations ◽

10.32933/actainnovations.29.6 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 53-66

Author(s):

Ewa Dyk

Keyword(s):

Twentieth Century ◽

Detailed Analysis ◽

Public Space ◽

20Th Century ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Housing Estate ◽

Communication Service ◽

Service Model ◽

The Public ◽

Housing Estates

For years, the motorized and uncontrolled degradation of the public space of housing estates from the second half of the twentieth century in Poland has been appropriated. This has a negative impact on their functioning and image. The aim of the work is a detailed analysis of Kielce housing estate from the second half of the last century – Pod Dalnią, mainly in the spatial and communication aspect. The main focus was on the study of changes in the communication service model and the diagnosis of the parking problem, which also generates other tensions in the housing estate. This strives to formulate guidelines for comprehensive changes and strategies for the development of a housing estate that is not adapted to contemporary requirements and needs.

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Experimental Evaluation and Resident's Assessment of Zero Food Waste System in Multi-family Housing Estates

Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers ◽

10.4491/ksee.2015.37.12.674 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 37 (12) ◽

pp. 674-681 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jeongik Oh ◽

Hyunjeong Lee

Keyword(s):

Food Waste ◽

Experimental Evaluation ◽

Family Housing ◽

Housing Estates

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The modernization of public spaces in problematic residential areas exemplified on selected projects and realizations in the Bronowice district of Lublin

Teka Komisji Architektury, Urbanistyki i Studiów Krajobrazowych ◽

10.35784/teka.1743 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 89-97

Author(s):

Kamila Boguszewska ◽

Natalia Przesmycka

Keyword(s):

World War Ii ◽

Public Space ◽

Public Spaces ◽

Design Stage ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Process Implementation ◽

Processing Plants ◽

Real Estate Prices ◽

The Unemployed ◽

Housing Estates

Tatary and Bronowice are considered to be the most dangerous and problematic districts of Lublin. The problems are exacerbated by the changing age structure of the residents – “ageing” and a high percentage of the unemployed, caused by the collapse of industry in Lublin after 1989 (URSUS), which was the main sector of employment for the residents of these districts. Apart from the problems typical for all housing estates from the communist era, e.g. lack of parking spaces, there is vandalism, alcoholism and low material status of the residents. The development of the Tatary district after World War II was connected with the industrial district (among industrial plants, the biggest employer was the Fabryka Samochodów Ciężarowych (Heavy Goods Vehicle Factory) established in 1951, there was a slaughterhouse, and now – meat processing plants. Housing estates built within the Tatary district in 1950−1972 (ZOR Tatary and Motor) and Bronowice (ZOR Bronowice I 1954−1956 and Bronowice II and III 1956−1969) were characterised by a large share of green and recreational areas dedicated to various users. After several decades of lack of investment and with changing lifestyles and users’ needs, these spaces are among the most neglected in Lublin. Currently works related to the improvement of infrastructure in these housing estates are being undertaken such as: replacement of street lights, sidewalks, etc. District councils are working intensively to raise funds for the most urgent needs, but they are not always well thought out or designed in an appropriate way. The problem is the lack of models and often duplication of functional and aesthetic schemes, not always appropriate to the area. The modernization of public spaces is one of the elements of revitalisation processes, in which the involvement of future users at the design stage is a necessary element. Good public spaces increase the sense of security, comfort of living and even contribute to the increase in real estate prices. This paper presents the problems posed by the design process, implementation and functioning of selected public spaces in Tatary and Bronowice districts of Lublin where community participation played a crucial role. The article presents issues related to the design, implementation and functioning of selected public spaces in the Bronowice district, where social participation was an important factor. Challenges of public space modernization in problematic residential areas are exemplified on selected projects and realizations in the Bronowice district of the city of Lublin.

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The best housing estate in Czechoslovakia

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/1203/3/032010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1203 (3) ◽

pp. 032010

Author(s):

Adam Guzdek

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Garden City ◽

Housing Estate ◽

Political Liberalization ◽

The Public ◽

Close Cooperation ◽

To Come ◽

The 1960S ◽

Housing Estates

Abstract The Brno housing estate Lesna is undoubtedly an important achievement of Czechoslovak urbanism and architecture of the 1960s. It was built on the southern slopes north of Brno in 1962–1970 according to a project by a team of architects Frantisek Zounek, Viktor Rudis, Miroslav Dufek and Ladislav Volak. Although it was a standard housing construction made of prefabricated components, the architects did not want to hide its technical expression. They also fully copied it into the very urban arrangement of long blocks, which contributed to the fulfillment of the vision of the garden city. Close cooperation between the supplier, investor and designer was ensured already in the phase of elaboration of the project task. The architecture of residential buildings is based on the diligent efforts of the whole team to promote the use of a lightweight facade of a prefabricated house using parapet panels and strip glazing in the B 60 construction system. The unusually high-quality solution of the public space in the Lesna housing estate was mainly due to the time of its creation. Political liberalization in the 1960s allowed architects to come up with a generous plan for a free stop and thus perfectly fulfill the vision of a garden city. The population density of the Lesna housing estate, less than two hundred inhabitants per hectare, was multiplied by up to four hundred inhabitants per hectare in other housing estates of the "president Gustav Husak" era due to tightening economic indicators. Public greenery respecting the natural elements of the rugged relief required a different professional approach due to the extent of the exterior design. It was common practice that landscaping were carried out on residential complexes with a delay of several months and years after the first inhabitants moved in. The architects managed to reverse this common practice, so the first inhabitants moved to finished houses with access sidewalks, planted greenery and functioning residential amenities. This could not have been imagined by its inhabitants in the later realizations of housing estates. That is why the Brno housing estate Lesna is rightly called the best.

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