scholarly journals The Problem of Densification of Large-Panel Housing Estates upon the Example of Cracow

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1359
Author(s):  
Eliza Szczerek
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
Spatial Logic ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Large Panel ◽  
New Buildings ◽  
Housing Estates

The paper focuses on the phenomenon of intense, uncontrolled densification of large-panel housing estates in Poland. Despite the fact that such housing estates as a legacy of the Modernist concept of segregation of functions are often burdened with problems, they still have considerable potential, which results predominantly from their urban advantages, such as functional and spatial logic, large amounts of open public space, and abundance of greenery. Unfortunately, this potential is being destroyed by introducing new buildings, ignoring the existing urban layout of the housing estate along with its original compositional assumptions. This type of densification results from—without limitations—the pressure exerted by developers in the free-market economy, and it often leads to problems such as the devastation of urban layouts of these housing estates, breaking the continuity of public spaces, appropriation of green areas, strengthening of monofunctionality, etc. This problem is becoming noticeable in the scientific debate, although it is still difficult to obtain reliable data illustrating the densifications of such housing estates. The goal of this paper is to present the scales and character of such densifications of the large-panel housing estates, which pose a threat of devastation of their urban layouts often considered as urban heritage. The paper proposes a method of a quantitative analysis of the housing estates with reference to the increase in the built-up area and a qualitative analysis of the character of development with reference to its distribution. This method comprises a sequence of subsequent steps with relevant criteria. In the results, it demonstrates the scale of the problem, which in many cases is already big and still growing. The resultant threat of devastation of the urban layout and its consequences are presented upon selected examples of housing estates in Cracow, Poland. This paper is a voice in a discussion devoted to the current status, but most of all to the future of large-panel housing estates, particularly in terms of their protection as valuable achievements of urban planning of the second half of the 20th century, and to stopping unfavorable tendencies of urban destruction.

scholarly journals Double P! Public Spaces in Dubai: a Paranoiac Panopticon

2020 ◽  
pp. 247-262
Author(s):  
Therese Chidiac
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Images ◽  
Human Scale ◽  
Free Market Capitalism ◽  
Back Stage ◽  
The City

Despite the crisis of the metaphoric growth of its superficiality to its deadening sterility, Dubai stands as an attractive destination in the desert simulating a collage of cultural images from around the world with a centrally-planned free market capitalism attracting investors and developers. This paper is part of my master in architecture thesis at Politecnico di Milano titled: 5km/hr Manifesto and it outlines the problematical aspect of Dubai DNA: Dubai public spaces. The city is metaphorically analysed, as a collage city of exogenous fragments and a system city resembling a biological cell with defects in it’s the so-called public spaces that are designed as a model of a virtual panopticon of social surveillance forged by a set of do’s and don’ts. Built up rapidly over the past few years on the wealth gotten from oil, public spaces in Dubai have no depth of history or indigenous culture, no complexity, no conflicts, no doubts, nothing to stand in the way of its being shaped into the ultimate wonderland. The Arab notion of public has been dramatically ignored in the planning of the city and has been replaced with a collage of regulated western modernist spaces that have failed to create pockets of interaction and communication bringing in mind a problematical situation and an utopic question: How to demystify the panopticon effect and make Dubai more liveable? This leads to the recall of the qualities of the endogenous Arabic Public Space: The Souk. A set of characteristics has been concluded and if integrated, might really change Dubai public spaces from a paranoic panopticon to a more liveable space. Enclosure and privacy, human scale and density, the stage and back stage effect were essential conditions in the souk and are elaborated in this paper presenting a set of new design guidelines for claiming back what is supposed to be public and might develop into further future research.

scholarly journals The modernization of public spaces in problematic residential areas exemplified on selected projects and realizations in the Bronowice district of Lublin

1970 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
Kamila Boguszewska ◽  
Natalia Przesmycka
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Process Implementation ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Real Estate Prices ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Housing Estates

Tatary and Bronowice are considered to be the most dangerous and problematic districts of Lublin. The problems are exacerbated by the changing age structure of the residents – “ageing” and a high percentage of the unemployed, caused by the collapse of industry in Lublin after 1989 (URSUS), which was the main sector of employment for the residents of these districts. Apart from the problems typical for all housing estates from the communist era, e.g. lack of parking spaces, there is vandalism, alcoholism and low material status of the residents. The development of the Tatary district after World War II was connected with the industrial district (among industrial plants, the biggest employer was the Fabryka Samochodów Ciężarowych (Heavy Goods Vehicle Factory) established in 1951, there was a slaughterhouse, and now – meat processing plants. Housing estates built within the Tatary district in 1950−1972 (ZOR Tatary and Motor) and Bronowice (ZOR Bronowice I 1954−1956 and Bronowice II and III 1956−1969) were characterised by a large share of green and recreational areas dedicated to various users. After several decades of lack of investment and with changing lifestyles and users’ needs, these spaces are among the most neglected in Lublin. Currently works related to the improvement of infrastructure in these housing estates are being undertaken such as: replacement of street lights, sidewalks, etc. District councils are working intensively to raise funds for the most urgent needs, but they are not always well thought out or designed in an appropriate way. The problem is the lack of models and often duplication of functional and aesthetic schemes, not always appropriate to the area. The modernization of public spaces is one of the elements of revitalisation processes, in which the involvement of future users at the design stage is a necessary element. Good public spaces increase the sense of security, comfort of living and even contribute to the increase in real estate prices. This paper presents the problems posed by the design process, implementation and functioning of selected public spaces in Tatary and Bronowice districts of Lublin where community participation played a crucial role. The article presents issues related to the design, implementation and functioning of selected public spaces in the Bronowice district, where social participation was an important factor. Challenges of public space modernization in problematic residential areas are exemplified on selected projects and realizations in the Bronowice district of the city of Lublin.

TO THE PROBLEMS OF REVITALIZATION OF PUBLIC SPACES IN EASTERN BLOC HOUSING ESTATES

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Martin Veselý ◽  
Lukáš Vacek
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Eastern Bloc ◽  
Central Park ◽  
Urban Planner ◽  
Anthropological Research ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
To Come ◽  
Housing Estates ◽  
Complementary Analysis

The article is a contribution to the discussion about the revitalizations of over-dimensioned and characterless public spaces in housing estates areas in the Eastern Bloc. The Central Park in Southern Town I – the largest housing estate in Prague – is a significant example of such public space. The article presents the main results of two different but complementary analysis of the Central Park. Analysis “from bellow” (the user's perspective) is based on the results of anthropological research in the area. Analysis “from above” is based on personal experience of an urban planner. According to the authors only the triangulation of anthropological and architectural/urban planning methods of reading place allows to come near to complex understanding of place, its character and identity. The authors point out the importance of participation of the users in the revitalizations, which is an important condition of the broad acceptance of the result. Most of the Czech municipalities are still mistrustful of participatory processes. That brings many unnecessary problems.

scholarly journals Public spaces and social diversity : editorial to the special issue

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bühler
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Clear Distinction ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Social Diversity ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
Precise Meaning ◽  
Loaded Term

Abstract. There is little agreement as to the precise meaning of public space in the scientific debate see Staeheli & Mitchell 2007). The Babylonian confusion surround ing this concept Selle 2008) stems from at least three causes: First, there is no clear distinction between the terms public space and public sphere. Second, public space is a normatively loaded term Belina 2005), which in research not seldom clouds analytical vision of the construction processes of public spaces. And third, there is currently no consensus on the direction of the changing function of public spaces. In the fol lowing, a closer look is taken at these three aspects. The contributions in this special issue are then intro duced and positioned within the context of the discus sion.

scholarly journals Public Space Trends in Hong Kong. A view from the New Territories

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Tieben
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Political Views ◽  
International Attention ◽  
Housing Estates

Hong Kong’s vertical urban landscape, bustling street markets, and multi-layered urban spaces have attracted a range of scholars (Cuthbert and McKinnell, 1997; Smith, 2005; Frampton [et al.], 2010; Shelton [et al.], 2011). Therefore, this paper focuses on aspects of Hong Kong’s public spaces, which so far have caught less attention, but affect the majority of its residents today. The paper starts with the following observations: (1) More than half of Hong Kong’s population (52,2%) lives today in the New Territories, an area usually outside of international attention (Census 2011); (2) Here, most people live in public and private housing estates, constructed over the last 40 years; (3) Individual estates can reach a population size of entire European towns and their “public spaces” – if one can name them as such – follow strict rules and have their own spatial conditions; (4) The street patterns, which connect these estates with their surrounding are fundamentally different from those of the older urban areas on Hong Kong Island and the Kowloon Peninsula. Basically, in these new developments we don’t find the bustling street markets or the complex multi-layered spatial conditions anymore, which have caught most international attention (e.g. Frampton [et al.], 2010); and, (5) through urban renewal and redevelopment these new spatial conditions are introduced also to the older urban areas. As a response, there have been a growing number of initiatives by civil society groups to recapture the original role of streets as public spaces to offer more opportunities for economic and social activities, and re-enable expressions different cultural identities, life styles, and political views.

scholarly journals To Build the City on Temporary Success

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-60
Author(s):  
Zala Velkavrh ◽  
Alenka Korenjak ◽  
Klara Otorepec ◽  
Maša Cvetko
Keyword(s):  
Planning Process ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Planning Tools ◽  
The City ◽  
Housing Estates

Some urban spaces are more dynamic than others. While the city centre, suburban areas and consumption spaces are rapidly changing and re-shaping, other parts of our cities seem to be stuck in time, in a permanent standstill. Such areas include stagnant construction sites, green areas and public squares in old housing estates and many forgotten, marginal public spaces scattered across the city. Conventional planning tools might be too slow, too weak or too broad to revitalise such spaces. We propose a different, interventionist approach. Temporary interventions have the power to change the planning process, involve more people and require less time.

scholarly journals Public Spaces in the University: Status, Quality and Efficiency of using Student Survey at Vietnam Women's Academy

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bui Thi Phuong ◽  
Tran Thao Vy ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thanh Thao ◽  
Duong Thi Ngoc ◽  
Luong Ngoc Le
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Student Survey ◽  
Student Activities ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
The University ◽  
School Yard ◽  
The Relationship

The article raises some of the issues of public space for young people, especially for students, through the use of some public spaces in the school such as the school yard, hallway, canteen, library and information boards,  research about (1) how to use public space, (2) time to use it, (3) frequency of use and (4) purpose of use to evaluate the current status and effectiveness of public spaces plus (i) learning activities, (ii) entertainment, (iii) social activities and (iv) other activities. The case study of public spaces at the Vietnam Women's Academy helps researchers have an initial overview of the current situation of using public spaces in schools of students as well as assess the effectiveness , the relationship between public spaces and student activities.

Reconstruction Of Urban Parks Of Culture And Rest Of The Soviet Period

2019 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Functional Zoning ◽  
Functional Areas ◽  
The City

This article analyzes the main problems of urban public spaces, because today public spaces can determine the future of cities. It is noted that parks are multifunctional public spaces in the urban environment, as they are an important element of the citywide system of landscaping and recreation, perform health, cultural, educational, aesthetic and environmental functions. The article notes that the need for easily accessible and well-maintained urban parks remains, however, the state of parks in many cities of Russia remains unsatisfactory, requiring reconstruction. A brief historical background of the Park of Culture and Rest of the Soviet period in Omsk is expounded, the analysis of the existing territory of the Park is presented. It is revealed that the Park, being the largest public space in Omsk, does not meet the requirements of modern urbanism, although it represents a great potential for designing the space for the purpose of recreation of citizens. Performed functional zoning scheme of the territory of the Park in question, where its division into functional areas destined for active recreational users of the Park is presented, considered the interests of senior citizens, people with limited mobility, etc. Reconstruction of Parks of the Soviet period can provide the city with additional recreational opportunities, as well as increase its tourist attractiveness.

Using the potential of peripheral green areas of cities for educational and recreational purposes on the example of Stary Sącz, Nowy Targ and Kraków

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Mateusz Kulig ◽  
Anna Przeniczny ◽  
Piotr Ogórek
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Valuable Resource ◽  
Green Areas

AbstractGreen areas located on the peripheries of cities have the potential to become green public spaces not only of recreational but also educational character, promoting at the same time the knowledge about environmental protection. The cities included in the research belong to the małopolskie voivodeship (Lesser Poland voivodeship). With the use of geospatial data of land cover, as well as territorial forms of environmental protection, it was pointed that 48.4% of forest, wooded and shrub green areas located within city borders are covered by a form of environmental protection, thus being a valuable resource of significant nature potential. Making such spaces available in a conscious and attractive way is presented on the example of projects implemented in the cities of: Stary Sącz, Nowy Targ and Kraków. The presented projects were used to make recommendations for city authorities to create green public spaces.

The Culture Zone in Katowice and its qualities as a public space

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-41
Author(s):  
Paweł Pistelok
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Upper Silesia ◽  
Industrial Heritage ◽  
Basic Rights ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Right Of Access

Abstract A city’s public spaces ought to meet a number of requirements to serve their main purpose, that is to foster public life. They need, for instance, to answer people’s needs, fulfil certain social functions, and let people use their basic rights, among them the most important right of access. In Katowice, one of the most prominent examples of the regeneration of public spaces is now the Culture Zone. The aim of this paper is to discuss the development of social functions in the area mentioned, a fine example of the post-industrial heritage of Upper Silesia. Applying some of the qualities of public space identified in the theories adopted, the paper discusses how the Culture Zone [in Polish: Strefa Kultury] fulfils the above-mentioned demands and requirements. Is it accessible? Does it meet the need for comfort? Does it function as a leisure space? By referring to analyses and opinions presented in the literature and comparing them with the results of the author’s own empirical research, this article discusses the importance, opportunities, and shortcomings of the Culture Zone as a public space.

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