Can graphene outperform indium tin oxide as transparent electrode in organic solar cells?

A thin Ag layer embedded between layers of zinc tin oxide (ZTO) are compared to cells using an indium tin oxide electrode was investigated for inverted organic bulk heterojunction solar cells employing a multilayer electrode. ZTO/Ag/ ZTO (ZAZ) electrode is the preparation at room temperature, a high transparency in the visible part of the spectrum, and a very low sheet resistance comparable to treated ITO without the need for any thermal post deposition treatment as it is necessary for ITO. The In-free ZAZ electrodes exhibit a favorable work function of 4.3 eV and are shown to allow for excellent electron extraction even without a further interlayer. This renders ZAZ a perfectly suited bottom electrode for inverted organic solar cells with simplified cell architecture.

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Effect of organic solar cells using various sheet resistances of indium tin oxide and different cathodes: Aluminum, silver

Synthetic Metals ◽

10.1016/j.synthmet.2015.01.011 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 201 ◽

pp. 25-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jhong-Ciao Ke ◽

Yeong-Her Wang ◽

Kan-Lin Chen ◽

Chien-Jung Huang

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Tin Oxide ◽

Organic Solar Cells ◽

Indium Tin Oxide

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Characteristics of flexible indium tin oxide electrode grown by continuous roll-to-roll sputtering process for flexible organic solar cells

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells ◽

10.1016/j.solmat.2009.01.015 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 93 (8) ◽

pp. 1248-1255 ◽

Cited By ~ 114

Author(s):

Kwang-Hyuk Choi ◽

Jin-A Jeong ◽

Jae-Wook Kang ◽

Do-Guen Kim ◽

Jong Kuk Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Tin Oxide ◽

Organic Solar Cells ◽

Indium Tin Oxide ◽

Oxide Electrode ◽

Indium Tin Oxide Electrode ◽

Roll To Roll ◽

Flexible Organic Solar Cells

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Organic solar cells on indium tin oxide and aluminum doped zinc oxide anodes

Applied Physics Letters ◽

10.1063/1.2771050 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 91 (7) ◽

pp. 073521 ◽

Cited By ~ 97

Author(s):

Kerstin Schulze ◽

Bert Maennig ◽

Karl Leo ◽

Yuto Tomita ◽

Christian May ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Solar Cells ◽

Tin Oxide ◽

Organic Solar Cells ◽

Indium Tin Oxide ◽

Aluminum Doped Zinc Oxide

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Indium Tin Oxide-Free Small Molecule Organic Solar Cells Using Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Electrodes

ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology ◽

10.1149/2.0311706jss ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. M3181-M3184 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Clément Delacou ◽

Il Jeon ◽

Seungju Seo ◽

Takafumi Nakagawa ◽

Esko I. Kauppinen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Carbon Nanotube ◽

Small Molecule ◽

Tin Oxide ◽

Organic Solar Cells ◽

Indium Tin Oxide ◽

Single Walled Carbon Nanotube ◽

Single Walled Carbon

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Area-scaling of Organic Solar Cells and Integrated Modules

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-1212-s06-04-c07-04 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1212 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Seungkeun Choi ◽

William J Potscavage ◽

Bernard Kippelen

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Current Density ◽

Tin Oxide ◽

Organic Solar Cells ◽

Indium Tin Oxide ◽

Series Resistance ◽

Large Area ◽

In Series ◽

Improved Performance ◽

Number Of Cells

AbstractWe report on the improved performance of large-area organic solar cells and modules by integrating metal grids directly with the indium tin oxide (ITO), thereby reducing the series resistance contribution from the ITO. Devices with different areas (0.1, 7, and 36.4 cm2) were prepared to study the area-dependency of the organic solar cells based on pentacene and C60 heterojunctions. Modules were prepared in which four individual cells (7 cm2) were connected in series and parallel. For the series connected modules, VOC scales linearly with the number of cells while parallel connected modules exhibited multiplied current density as expected.

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The degradation of indium tin oxide/pentacene/fullerene/tris-8-hydroxy-quinolinato aluminum/aluminum heterojunction organic solar cells: By oxygen or moisture?

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells ◽

10.1016/j.solmat.2010.01.006 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 94 (5) ◽

pp. 846-849 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Hong Bin Yang ◽

Qun Lian Song ◽

Cheng Gong ◽

Chang Ming Li

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Tin Oxide ◽

Organic Solar Cells ◽

Indium Tin Oxide

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Efficient Inverted ITO-Free Organic Solar Cells Based on Transparent Silver Electrode with Aqueous Solution-Processed ZnO Interlayer

International Journal of Photoenergy ◽

10.1155/2017/1043264 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Zhizhe Wang ◽

Dazheng Chen ◽

Chunfu Zhang ◽

Zhenhua Lin ◽

Yan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Solar Cells ◽

Tin Oxide ◽

Organic Solar Cells ◽

Indium Tin Oxide ◽

Power Conversion ◽

Mean Square ◽

Low Bandgap ◽

Lower Root ◽

Electron Extraction

Efficient inverted organic solar cells (OSCs) with the MoO3(2 nm)/Ag (12 nm) transparent cathode and an aqueous solution ZnO electron extraction layer processed at low temperature are investigated in this work. The blend of low bandgap poly[[4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl][3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl]] (PTB7) and [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methylester (PC71BM) is employed as the photoactive layer here. A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.55% is achieved for such indium tin oxide- (ITO-) free OSCs under AM 1.5G simulated illumination, comparable to that of ITO-based reference OSCs (PCE of 6.11%). It is found that this ZnO interlayer not only slightly enhances the transparency of MoO3/Ag cathode but also obtains a lower root-mean-square (RMS) roughness on the MoO3/Ag surface. Meanwhile, ITO-free OSCs also show a good stability. The PCE of the devices still remains above 85% of the original values after 30 days, which is slightly superior to ITO-based reference OSCs where the 16% degradation in PCE is observed after 30 days. It may be instructive for further research of OSCs based on metal thin film electrodes.

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