Modelling eutrophication, early warnings and remedial actions in a lake

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Fort
Keyword(s):  
Remedial Actions ◽  
Early Warnings

scholarly journals Copper Phyllosilicates-Derived Catalysts in the Production of Alcohols from Hydrogenation of Carboxylates, Carboxylic Acids, Carbonates, Formyls, and CO2: A Review

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Dien-Thien To ◽  
Yu-Chuan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Spatial Effect ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Remedial Actions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Size Interaction

Copper phyllosilicates-derived catalysts (CuPS-cats) have been intensively explored in the past two decades due to their promising activity in carbonyls hydrogenation. However, CuPS-cats have not been completely reviewed. This paper focuses on the aspects concerning CuPS-cats from synthesis methods, effects of preparation conditions, and dopant to catalytic applications of CuPS-cats. The applications of CuPS-cats include the hydrogenation of carboxylates, carboxylic acids, carbonates, formyls, and CO2 to their respective alcohols. Besides, important factors such as the Cu dispersion, Cu+ and Cu0 surface areas, particles size, interaction between Cu and supports and dopants, morphologies, and spatial effect on catalytic performance of CuPS-cats are discussed. The deactivation and remedial actions to improve the stability of CuPS-cats are summarized. It ends up with the challenges and prospective by using this type of catalyst.

Solvency stress testing of Islamic commercial banks

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamshaid Anwar Chattha ◽  
Simon Archer
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Stress Testing ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Capital Requirements ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Regulatory Requirement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Numerical Example ◽  
Remedial Actions

Purpose This paper aims to provide a methodology for designing and conducting solvency stress tests, under the standardised approach as per IFSB-15, including the establishment of macro-financial links, running scenarios with variation of assumptions and stress scenario parameters; apply and illustrate this methodology by providing a stylised numerical example through a tractable Excel-based framework, through which Islamic Commercial Banks (ICBs) can introduce additional regulatory requirements and show that they would remain in compliance with all capital requirements after a moderate to severe shock; and identify the potential remedial actions that can be envisaged by an ICB. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses the data of the one of the groups to which certain amendments and related assumptions are applied to develop a stylised numerical example for solvency stress-testing purposes. The example uses a Stress Testing Matrix (STeM; a step-by-step approach) to illustrate the stress-testing process. The methodology of the paper uses a two-stage process. The first stage consists of calculating the capital adequacy ratio (CAR) of the ICB using the IFSB formulae, depending on how the profit sharing investment account (PSIA) are treated in the respective jurisdiction. The second stage is the application of the stress scenarios and shocks. Findings Taking into account the specificities of ICBs such as their use of PSIA, the results highlighted the sensitivity of the CAR of an ICB with respect to the changes in the values of alpha and the proportion of unrestricted PSIA on the funding side. The simulation also indicated that an ICB operating above the minimum CAR could be vulnerable to shocks of various degrees of gravity, thus bringing the CAR below the minimum regulatory requirement and necessitating appropriate remedial actions. Practical implications The paper highlights various implications and relationships arising out of stress testing for ICBs, including the vulnerability of an ICB under defined scenarios, demanding appropriate immediate remedial actions on future capital resources and capital needs. The findings of the paper provide a preliminary discussion on developing a comprehensive toolkit for the ICBs similar to what is developed by the International Monetary Fund Financial Sector Assessment Programme. Originality/value This paper focuses on the gap with respect to the stress testing of capital adequacy. The main contribution of the paper is twofold. The first is the development of an STeM – a step-by-step approach, which provides a method for simulating solvency (i.e. capital adequacy) stress tests for ICBs; the second is the demonstration of the potentially crucial impact of profit-sharing investment accounts and the way they are managed by ICBs (notably the smoothing of profit payouts) in assessing the capital adequacy of the ICBs.

scholarly journals Practical strategies for identifying groundwater discharges into sediment and surface water with fiber optic temperature measurement

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1772-1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Selker ◽  
Frank Selker ◽  
Julie Huff ◽  
Russ Short ◽  
Deborah Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Remedial Actions ◽  
Fiber Optic Temperature

Identifying or ruling out groundwater discharges into sediment and surface waters is often critical for evaluating impacts and for planning remedial actions.

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