Thank You to Our 2014 Viral Immunology Reviewers

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-131
Keyword(s):  
Viral Immunology

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Arbidol Against Pulmonary Fibrosis and Sepsis in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailong Li ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
Ruotong Zhang ◽  
Shanshan Zhang ◽  
Yiying Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Dynamic Compliance ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Viral Immunology ◽  
Sepsis Induction ◽  
Sepsis Score

From the perspective of epidemiology, viral immunology and current clinical research, pulmonary fibrosis may become one of the complications of patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Cytokine storm is a major cause of new coronavirus death. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of antiviral drug arbidol on cytokine storm and pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we use a mouse model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and a mouse model of fecal dilution-induced sepsis to evaluate the effects of arbidol on pulmonary fibrosis and cytokine storm. The results showed that arbidol significantly reduced the area of pulmonary fibrosis and improved lung function (reduced inspiratory resistance, lung dynamic compliance and forced vital capacity increased). Treatment with arbidol promoted reduced sepsis severity 48 h after sepsis induction, based on weight, murine sepsis score and survival rate. Arbidol observably alleviates inflammatory infiltrates and injury in the lungs and liver. Finally, we also found that arbidol reduced serum levels of pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-6 induced by fecal dilution. In conclusion, our results indicate that arbidol can alleviate the severity of pulmonary fibrosis and sepsis, and provide some reference for the treatment of cytokine storm and sequelae of pulmonary fibrosis in patients with COVID-19.

scholarly journals High-throughput super-resolution analysis of influenza virus pleomorphism reveals insights into viral spatial organization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew McMahon ◽  
Rebecca Andrews ◽  
Sohail V Ghani ◽  
Thorben Cordes ◽  
Achillefs N Kapanidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Virus Assembly ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Analysis Pipeline ◽  
Single Experiment ◽  
Viral Immunology

Many viruses form highly pleomorphic particles; in influenza, these particles range from spheres of ~ 100 nm in diameter to filaments of several microns in length. Virion structure is of interest, not only in the context of virus assembly, but also because pleomorphic variations may correlate with infectivity and pathogenicity. Detailed images of virus morphology often rely on electron microscopy, which is generally low throughput and limited in molecular identification. We have used fluorescence super-resolution microscopy combined with a rapid automated analysis pipeline to image many thousands of individual influenza virions, gaining information on their size, morphology and the distribution of membrane-embedded and internal proteins. This large-scale analysis revealed that influenza particles can be reliably characterised by length, that no spatial frequency patterning of the surface glycoproteins occurs, and that RNPs are preferentially located towards filament ends within Archetti bodies. Our analysis pipeline is versatile and can be adapted for use on multiple other pathogens, as demonstrated by its application for the size analysis of SARS-CoV-2. The ability to gain nanoscale structural information from many thousands of viruses in just a single experiment is valuable for the study of virus assembly mechanisms, host cell interactions and viral immunology, and should be able to contribute to the development of viral vaccines, anti-viral strategies and diagnostics.

Cutting-Edge Research in COVID-19 and General Viral Immunology

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 477-481
Author(s):  
Paul G. Thomas ◽  
Katherine Kedzierska
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Viral Immunology

Call for Papers: Viral Immunology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney S. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Viral Immunology

Comprehensive Viral Immunology of Multiple Sclerosis

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie E. Cremer
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Viral Immunology

Editorial overview: Viral immunology: Dealing with bad news

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. viii-x
Author(s):  
Jonathan W Yewdell ◽  
Guus F Rimmelzwaan
Keyword(s):  
Bad News ◽  
Viral Immunology

Gordon Leslie Ada 1922–2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Gustav Nossal ◽  
Christopher Parish
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Antibody Formation ◽  
Clonal Selection ◽  
Virus Genome ◽  
Research Environment ◽  
Clonal Selection Theory ◽  
Selection Theory ◽  
Viral Immunology ◽  
Administrative Skills

GordonAda, an outstanding virologist and immunologist,was the first to demonstrate that the influenza virus genome is composed of RNA, not DNA. In immunology he provided evidence that refuted the template theory of antibody formation and performed elegant experiments to prove Burnet's Clonal Selection Theory. His administrative skills created a research environment that nurtured the Doherty-Zinkernagel Nobel Prize in viral immunology and allowed him to assist WHO and others greatly in developing effective vaccines.

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