Critical Race Theory

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Thandi Sulé
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Color Line ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
White People ◽  
Social Work Values ◽  
Legal Remedies

Critical race theory (CRT) is a framework that unapologetically asserts how and why race matters in the maintenance of U.S. policies and practices. In doing so, CRT counters discourse that situates discrimination and disparities within the realm of individual behaviors or psychological deficits. Therefore, racism is seen for what it is—a willful, institutionalized, and dehumanizing way of being. Though racism prevailed as the quintessential problem of the 20th century, the 21st century has revealed that the color line remains remarkably undisturbed. Whether one is focusing on housing, education, employment, wealth, health, safety, or justice, racial disparities and inequities exist to the disadvantage of racially minoritized people. Born out of discontent for legal remedies for inequality, CRT speaks to the universal way that racism immobilizes minoritized people—thereby providing an almost unwavering advantage to white people. This review provides an overview of the tenets of CRT and how those tenets connect with social work values and practice.

Island Nation, US Territory and Contested Space: Territorial Status As a Social Determinant of Indigenous Health in Guam

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1069-1088
Author(s):  
Tressa P Diaz ◽  
Lana Sue I Ka‘opua ◽  
Susan Nakaoka
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
Contested Spaces ◽  
Territorial Status

Abstract The United Nations and International Federation of Social Work affirm the right of all people to determine their political status, preserve their environments and pursue endeavours for well-being. This article focuses on CHamoru, Guam’s Indigenous people, and examines distal social determinants of health (SDOH) in the contested spaces of US territorial status and non-self-determining Indigenous nationhood. Published multi-disciplinary literature identified ways in which territorial status functions as an SDOH unique to non-self-determining Pacific Island nations. Indicated is the use of structural approaches that address mechanisms of US power and control, including economic policies that ‘defacto’ promote coca-colonisation and non-communicable diseases risk. Critical race theory centres race, colonisation and subversive narratives. In line with fourth-generation SDOH action-oriented research, we posit a CHamoru critical race theory model that weaves Indigenous, social work and public health perspectives. Lack of community input is a limitation of the current research. To assure relevance, the model will be vetted through community discussions. Our discussion guide may be tailored for other Indigenous communities. Social workers may play a meaningful role in promoting health equity through participatory action-oriented, cultural–political social work that upholds Indigenous self-determination and survivance in contested spaces.

scholarly journals The Emperor Jones is the Reflection of the Black White Struggle: Modern American Drama

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Haider Ibrahim Khalil ◽  
Abdullah Mohd Nawi ◽  
Ansam Ali Flefil
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
American Literature ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
White People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Clash Of Cultures ◽  
American Society

The Emperor Jones is the best viewpoint of O’Neill’s plays in depicting the black white people. This play exposes the portraying of black white conflict as modernism ideology. This play is focused on the suffering and the oppression of people. In this study, the scholar uses the qualitative method as storytelling type. In theoretical framework, the critical race theory is related to this study to analyse the speech which tackles the plot, characters and setting according to the concepts of clash of cultures. This study/ this paper also shows the clashes of culture in American society. Furthermore, the implication of this paper will be presented/ indicate the social, educational, linguistic and cultural style. In fact, this paper will add something to American literature by generalizing this study to other studies about black white people. In sum, this paper is to reflect the philosophy of O’Neill in portraying the black white people. The scholar uses the critical race theory to explain the struggles/ conflicts among the human beings. The researcher also uses the qualitative approach and narrative technique to analyse data. In the same way, the data/ material is collected by textual methods and analyse by the narrative approach. This study can be generalized to another study about O’Neill’s perspectives in depicting the black white people. 

scholarly journals The Whiteness of AI

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Cave ◽  
Kanta Dihal
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Predominantly White ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
White People ◽  
Intelligent Machines ◽  
Film And Television ◽  
White Racial Frame

Abstract This paper focuses on the fact that AI is predominantly portrayed as white—in colour, ethnicity, or both. We first illustrate the prevalent Whiteness of real and imagined intelligent machines in four categories: humanoid robots, chatbots and virtual assistants, stock images of AI, and portrayals of AI in film and television. We then offer three interpretations of the Whiteness of AI, drawing on critical race theory, particularly the idea of the White racial frame. First, we examine the extent to which this Whiteness might simply reflect the predominantly White milieus from which these artefacts arise. Second, we argue that to imagine machines that are intelligent, professional, or powerful is to imagine White machines because the White racial frame ascribes these attributes predominantly to White people. Third, we argue that AI racialised as White allows for a full erasure of people of colour from the White utopian imaginary. Finally, we examine potential consequences of the racialisation of AI, arguing it could exacerbate bias and misdirect concern.

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