scholarly journals Greenhouse Evaluation of Insecticides for Control of Yellow Sugarcane Aphid on Sorghum Seedlings, 1992

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 260-260
Author(s):  
R. M. Anderson ◽  
G. L. Teetes
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Aphid ◽  
Greenhouse Evaluation

scholarly journals Greenhouse Evaluation of Insecticides for Control of Yellow Sugarcane Aphid and Greenbug on Sorghum Seedlings, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 230-230
Author(s):  
R. M. Anderson ◽  
G. L. Teetes
Keyword(s):  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Soil Mixture ◽  
Insecticide Application ◽  
Sugarcane Aphid ◽  
Greenhouse Evaluation ◽  
Seedling Plant ◽  
Plant Emergence ◽  
Spray Volume ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Foliar treatments of 2 organophosphates and imidachloprid (Confidor) were evaluated for yellow sugarcane aphid (YSA) and greenbug (GB) control in a research greenhouse at Texas A&M University. Hybrid grain sorghum seedlings (ATx399 × RTx430) were grown in 110-mm germination pots containing a prepared soil mixture composed of peat, vermiculite, and periite in a 2:1:1 ratio, respectively. Four days after plant emergence and 3 d prior to insecticide applications, each seedling plant was infested with 10-20 YSA or GB. There were 5 singleseedling replications for each treatment. Insecticides were applied by using a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer, through TX-3 hollow-cone nozzles at 35 psi, producing a finished spray volume of 5.6 gpa. Pre-treatment counts of YSA and GB were made the day of insecticide application; post-treatment counts of aphids were made 1, 2, and 3 DAT. Percent control was calculated by using Abbott’s (1925) formula. Data were statistically analyzed by using ANOVA and LSD.

scholarly journals Greenhouse Evaluation of Imidacloprid-Treated Seed for Control of Yellow Sugarcane Aphid on Sorghum Seedlings, 1993

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-303
Author(s):  
R. M. Anderson ◽  
B. B. Pendleton, ◽  
G. L. Teetes
Keyword(s):  
Soil Mixture ◽  
Sugarcane Aphid ◽  
Greenhouse Evaluation ◽  
Treated Seed

Abstract The effectiveness of imidacloprid-treated sorghum seed for control of yellow sugarcane aphid was evaluated in a re-search greenhouse at Texas A&M University. Seed treated with 1, 2, 3, and 4 oz (AI)/cwt of imidacloprid was sown in 110-mm germination pots containing a prepared soil mixture of peat, vermiculite, and perlite in a 2:1:1 ratio, respectively. There were 10 single-seedling replications for each rate of imidacloprid. Plants were infested 3, 10, and 31 d after emergence (DAE) with 10, 15, and =21 yellow sugarcane aphids, respectively. An initial count of yellow sugarcane aphids was made 4 h after plant infestation (HAI). Subsequent counts of yellow sugarcane aphids were made 1,3,5, and 7 d (and 14 d for those infested 31 DAE) after infestation (DAI). Percent control was calculated by using the Henderson and Tilton (1955) formula. Data were analyzed statistically by using ANOVA and LSD.

Techniques for Greenhouse Evaluation of Herbicides on Saltcedar

Weed Science ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.C. Quimby ◽  
E.B. Hollingsworth ◽  
R.L. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
Limited Efficacy ◽  
Greenhouse Evaluation ◽  
Soil Layering ◽  
Application Techniques ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Over The Top ◽  
Pot Plant

Subirrigated pot-plant systems were developed for greenhouse simulations of field methods being tested for herbicidal control of saltcedar (Tamarix pentandraPall.). The methods included: over-the-top spraying; soil injection; soil layering, with whole plants transplanted onto the herbicide layer; and soil layering by severing the roots and concomitantly injecting herbicide. Existing foliar application techniques were improved for greenhouse testing of herbicides and results from preliminary tests were apparently similar to literature reports of limited efficacy in the field. Preliminary results from these greenhouse techniques showed that root zone applications, either by soil layering or soil injection, were very effective; stem or foliar applications were less effective.

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Genetic Mechanisms of Sugarcane Aphid Resistance in Grain Sorghum

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 7129
Author(s):  
Desalegn D. Serba ◽  
Xiaoxi Meng ◽  
James Schnable ◽  
Elfadil Bashir ◽  
J. P. Michaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Lipid Binding ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Melanaphis Sacchari ◽  
Resistant Genotype ◽  
Sugarcane Aphid ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Moderately Resistant

The sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) (SCA), has become a major pest of grain sorghum since its appearance in the USA. Several grain sorghum parental lines are moderately resistant to the SCA. However, the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying this resistance are poorly understood, which has constrained breeding for improved resistance. RNA-Seq was used to conduct transcriptomics analysis on a moderately resistant genotype (TAM428) and a susceptible genotype (Tx2737) to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance. Differential expression analysis revealed differences in transcriptomic profile between the two genotypes at multiple time points after infestation by SCA. Six gene clusters had differential expression during SCA infestation. Gene ontology enrichment and cluster analysis of genes differentially expressed after SCA infestation revealed consistent upregulation of genes controlling protein and lipid binding, cellular catabolic processes, transcription initiation, and autophagy in the resistant genotype. Genes regulating responses to external stimuli and stress, cell communication, and transferase activities, were all upregulated in later stages of infestation. On the other hand, expression of genes controlling cell cycle and nuclear division were reduced after SCA infestation in the resistant genotype. These results indicate that different classes of genes, including stress response genes and transcription factors, are responsible for countering the physiological effects of SCA infestation in resistant sorghum plants.

scholarly journals Bacillus-based biological control of cotton seedling disease complex

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-348
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ahmed Khiyami ◽  
Moawad Ragab Omar ◽  
Kamel Ahmed Abd-Elsalam ◽  
Aly Abd El-Hady Aly
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Seedling Disease ◽  
Cotton Seedling ◽  
Disease Complex ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Greenhouse Evaluation ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Bacillus Strains

Abstract To formulate an efficient and eco-friendly strategy for the management of cotton seedling disease complex, pot experiments were conducted and the efficiency of eight Bacillus strains against seven fungi involved in the disease were determined. A greenhouse evaluation of the interaction between fungal isolates and Bacillus strains was carried out. The evaluation revealed a very highly significant Bacillus strains x fungal isolates interaction for all the following parameters: preemergence damping-off, postemergence damping-off, survival, plant height, and dry weight. This interaction implies that a single strain of the Bacillus sp. can be highly effective against a fungal isolate, but may have only minimal effects on other fungal isolates. The results of the present study demonstrated that Bacillus circulans and B. coagulans were the most effective strains in controlling cotton seedling disease. Therefore, strains of Bacillus spp. should be tested against as many fungal isolates as possible. The testing will improve the chance of identifying Bacillus strains effective against several fungal isolates.

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