Foliar Sprays to Control European Corn Borer in Spring and Fall Peppers, 1997

Abstract Peppers were transplanted on 23 May (spring crop) and 1 Aug (fall crop) at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of two 20-ft-rows with 3-ft spacing between rows. Plots were separated from each other by an untreated guard row. Each treatment was replicated 4 times in a RCBD for both plantings. Sprays were applied with a propane-powered backpack sprayer using 6 flat-fan nozzles/2 rows and delivering 46 gal of spray/acre at 40 psi. Latron CS-7 was used with each application at 0.12% vol./vol. Weekly applications were made on both crops beginning when fruit was ≥2 inches in diameter. The spring crop was sprayed from 31 Jul-10 Sep (6 sprays), and the fall crop was sprayed from 17 Sep-8 Oct (4 sprays). To evaluate efficacy of the treatments, the market-sized fruit was harvested from the most uniform row and examined for ECB damage. The number and weight of undamaged (marketable) fruit, and the number of ECB damaged fruit, were recorded for each crop. Harvest dates are indicated in the tables. Plant stand counts were taken in all harvested rows, and yields and % damaged fruit were adjusted to a per plant basis.

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(27) Effect of Plant Stand Density and Pesticide Application Technology on Insect Pests and Diseases of Bell Peppers

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1075b ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 1075B-1075

Author(s):

Salvador Vitanza ◽

Celeste Welty ◽

Mark Bennett ◽

Sally Miller ◽

Richard Derksen

Keyword(s):

European Corn Borer ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Stand Density ◽

Research Station ◽

Pesticide Application ◽

Application Technology ◽

Corn Borer ◽

Full Rate ◽

Plant Stand ◽

The Impact

The impact of pesticide application technology and crop stand density on bell pepper production was evaluated in a series of field trials, during 2004 and 2005, at the North Central Agricultural Research Station, Fremont, Ohio. In 2004, one trial tested three sprayers, at a speed of 8 and 4 mph, using insecticides at half the recommended rate and one treatment at full rate. Sprayers evaluated included an air-assisted electrostatic sprayer, a Cagle sprayer equipped with AI-11005 or AI-110025 nozzles, and an air-blast sprayer with XR-1003-VS or XR-110015-VS nozzles. In 2005, one experiment tested the interaction of two application technologies, three planting distances within row, and single vs. twin rows. Another experiment compared the Cagle sprayer (with TJ60-11003 or AI-110025 nozzles) and the airblast sprayer (with XR-110015-VS nozzles), at a speed of 4 mph, and insecticides at half the recommended rate. In 2004, the Cagle sprayer with air-induction nozzle, half rate, at 8 mph obtained the highest fruit yield. There was not significant improvement in European corn borer control by applying insecticides at full rate with the Cagle sprayer and all treatments achieved significantly better bacterial soft rot control than the untreated control. In 2005, the trials were terminated early due to crop destruction by Phytophthora capsici. Red fruit weighed less at high than at medium or low plant stand densities. Clean yield of red fruit was significantly greater in single rows than in twin rows. Marketable yield of green fruit was greater using the TJ60-11003 than using the AI-110025 nozzles.

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Comparison of Various Soil Insecticides and Rates for Insect Control in Potatoes, 1995

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/21.1.160 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 160-161

Author(s):

John Speese

Keyword(s):

European Corn Borer ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Life Stages ◽

Eastern Shore ◽

Bare Ground ◽

Corn Borer ◽

Short Season ◽

Soil Insecticides ◽

Extension Center

Abstract Potatoes were planted in two fields on 15 March at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. One field was planted in the short season cultivar ‘Superior’, the other field in the long season cultivar ‘Snowden’. Plots in both fields consisted of 4 rows 25ft long on 3ft row spacing with 6ft of bare ground between plots. Treatments in both fields were applied in furrow prior to planting with a single nozzle boom backpack sprayer. Treatments were replicated 4 times in a RCB design. Foliar sprays (rates, dates and materials indicated in tables) were applied by a tractor-mounted sprayer delivering 40 gal water/acre at 100 psi. Spray decisions were based on the following CPB thresholds, determined by weekly counts on 10 randomly chosen stems/plot: 4 small larvae, 1.5 large larvae, or 0.5 adults/stem. Dates and life stages with significant differences are listed in the tables. Secondary pests on 10 randomly picked compound leaves/plot and percent defoliation were sampled on the dates indicated in the tables. Both fields were sprayed on 2 June with Monitor 4EC (lqt/acre) to control European corn borer.

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Foliar Sprays to Control Insects in Fall Peppers, 1995

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/21.1.136a ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 136-137

Author(s):

John Speese

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Research ◽

Evaluation Criteria ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Plant Spacing ◽

Eastern Shore ◽

Hollow Cone ◽

Foliar Sprays ◽

Marketable Fruit ◽

Extension Center

Abstract Peppers were transplanted on 31 Jul at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of two 25ft long rows with 3ft between row spacing and 1ft between plant spacing. Each plot was bordered on each side by an untreated guard row and replicated 4 times in a RCB design. Treatments were applied on the dates indicated in the table with a backpack sprayer using 3 hollow cone nozzles/row and delivering 60 gal water/acre at 40 psi. Evaluation criteria consisted of hand-harvest of marketable fruit on 10 healthy, uniform-sized plants/row (.00062 acre) and GPA counts on 5 randomly picked leaves/plot on 06 Oct. Harvesting was done in this manner due to uneven stands in some plots due to the drought.

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Foliar Sprays to Control Insects on Spring Peppers, 1995

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/21.1.137 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 137-137

Author(s):

John Speese

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Research ◽

Evaluation Criteria ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Eastern Shore ◽

Foliar Sprays ◽

Marketable Fruit ◽

Extension Center

Abstract Peppers were transplanted on 22 May at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of two 25ft rows, planted on 3ft row spacing. Plots were separated from each other by an untreated guard row. Each treatment was replicated 4 times in a RCB design. Treatments were applied with a 3 nozzle boom backpack sprayer delivering 60 gal water/acre at 40 psi. Treatments were applied weekly beginning 19 Jul through 16 Sep. The aphidicides CGA 215944 and Provado were added to the pyrethroid treatments indicated in the table on 1,8, and 16 Sep after GPA populations had built up. Spod X was added to the Pounce treatments on the last four application dates to control BAW. The gallonage was increased to 73 gpa for the last 3 applications due to the growth of the plants. Evaluation criteria consisted of hand-harvests of market sized fruits from the more uniform row of each 2 row plot on the dates indicated in the table. This fruit was graded to remove any ECB or BAW damaged fruit and the remaining marketable fruit was weighed to determine yields. Numbers of GPA on 5 randomly picked leaves/plot were counted on the dates indicated in the table.

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Predicting Risk of European Corn Borer Infestation in Sweet Corn Based on Harvest Date

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/hortsci.19.1.173 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 173-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Steve M. Spangler ◽

Dennis D. Calvin ◽

Joe Russo ◽

Jay Schlegel

Keyword(s):

Risk Prediction ◽

Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽

European Corn Borer ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Harvest Date ◽

Prediction System ◽

Degree Days ◽

Corn Borer ◽

Central Pennsylvania ◽

Harvest Dates

Infestation of sweet corn (Zea mays) at harvest by european corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) was examined in 16 hybrid/harvest date combinations from 1994 through 1996 in central Pennsylvania. Two general periods of sweet corn ear infestation levels were observed. Infestations, expressed as proportion of ears infested, were 0.11 (11%) or lower in 10 of 11 plots harvested from 21 July to 23 Aug., whereas they were noticeably higher (30%–88%) in September and early October. Infestations expressed as larvae per ear showed the same temporal pattern. A nonlinear (sigmoidal) relationship was found between degree-days from 1 Jan. and proportion of ears infested. The higher infestations were caused by the second-generation larvae of the bivoltine ecotype. Based on these relationships, a risk-prediction system is proposed that anticipates, at planting, harvest infestation by using predicted harvest dates of sweet corn, european corn borer life stages, and infestation levels. Examples are presented for multiple plantings and hybrids for a specific site and a landscape (Pennsylvania). The risk prediction system we propose will allow growers to anticipate the risk of ear infestations at planting time, thus providing predictions that would help with management decisions.

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Second Generation European Corn Borer Control, 1994

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/20.1.163 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 163-163

Author(s):

L. L. Buschman ◽

P. E. Sloderbeck ◽

L. Wildman

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

European Corn Borer ◽

Second Generation ◽

Single Application ◽

Corn Borer ◽

Corn Field ◽

Extension Center ◽

High Clearance

Abstract This study was conducted in a furrow-irrigated corn field at the Southwest Research-Extension Center, Finney County, KS. Treatments were arranged in a RCBD with 4 replications. Plots were 4 rows, (10 ft) wide and 50 ft long, with a 4 row border of untreated corn on each side and a 10 ft alley at each end. The single application was made on 28 or 29 Jul, while the double corn borer treatments were made on 22 Jul and 1 Aug. The simulated chemigation applications of insecticides were made using 3 Delavan 100/140, % inch raindrop nozzles mounted on a high clearance sprayer at tassel height between rows. This system was calibrated to deliver the equivalent of 0.21 in irrigation on the 2 center rows (5730 gal/acre). The standard insecticide treatments were applied with a high clearance sprayer using a 10 ft boom with 3 nozzles directed at each row (1 nozzle directed at the top and one on each side of the row on 16-inch drop hoses directed towards the ear zone). The sprayer was calibrated to deliver 20 gal/acre at 2 mph and 40 psi. The granular applications were made with electric Gandy® boxes mounted on the high-clearance sprayer using a 7 inch bander directed over each row. Corn borer control was evaluated by dissecting 15 plants per plot between 23 and 30 Sep to determine the number of corn borer larvae and length of tunneling per plant. Grain yield was determined by machine harvesting the two center rows in each plot and correcting to 15.5% moisture.

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At Planting and Foliar Insecticides to Control Cucumber Beetles in Fall Cucumbers, 1994

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/20.1.92 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 92-92

Author(s):

John Speese

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Research ◽

Block Design ◽

Evaluation Criteria ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Cucumber Beetles ◽

Cucumber Beetle ◽

Marketable Fruit ◽

Extension Center

Abstract Cucumbers were planted on 12 Aug at the Eastern Shore Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Painter, VA. Each plot consisted of a 25 ft long row planted on 5 ft row spacing, replicated four times in a randomized, complete block design. An untreated guard row separated each plot. Furadan 4F was applied in furrow at planting using a single nozzle boom backpack sprayer. The Payload 15G in furrow at planting treatments were applied using a hand-held shaker. Foliar sprays were applied using a 3 hollow cone nozzle boom backpack sprayer delivering 45 gal water/acre at 40 psi. Foliar spray dates were 31 Aug and 6 and 13 Sep. On 31 Aug, the Furadan 4F at planting plots were less defoliated than the other plots and dead and dying cucumber beetles were observed. These plots were, therefore, not sprayed on this date. Dead and dying beetles were also observed in the Payload 15G plots on 31 Aug. These plots were treated with a low rate of Asana on this date, since actively feeding beetles were also observed. Evaluation criteria consisted of counts of both species of cucumber beetle on a randomly chosen 6 ft (30 sq ft) section of row in each plot and estimation of percent defoliation in each plot on the dates indicated in the table. The marketable fruit in each plot was harvested on 4, 11, and 20 Oct and the total yields for the season are indicated in the table.

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