scholarly journals Genomic regulation of plant mating systems: flexibility and adaptative potential. A commentary on: ‘A new genetic locus for self-compatibility in the outcrossing grass species perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)’

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara K Mable
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Mating Systems ◽  
Genetic Locus ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Self Compatibility ◽  
Plant Mating Systems ◽  
Genomic Regulation ◽  
Plant Mating

scholarly journals A new genetic locus for self-compatibility in the outcrossing grass species perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy M Slatter ◽  
Susanne Barth ◽  
Chloe Manzanares ◽  
Janaki Velmurugan ◽  
Iain Place ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Genetic Locus ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Evolutionary Significance ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Self Fertilization ◽  
Self Compatibility

Abstract Background Self-incompatibility (SI) is a physiological mechanism that many flowering plants employ to prevent self-fertilization and maintain heterozygosity. In the grass family this is known to be controlled by a two locus (S-Z) system; however, the SI system is intrinsically leaky. Modifier genes of both the S and Z loci and a further locus, T, are known to override SI leading to self-fertilization and self-seed production. This has implications for the ecological and evolutionary success as well as the commercial breeding of grasses. Here we report a study where the genetic control of self-compatibility (SC) was determined from the results of self-pollinating an F2 population of perennial ryegrass from two independently derived inbred lines produced by single-seed descent. Methods In vitro self-pollinations of 73 fertile plants were analysed. A genetic association analysis was made with a panel of 1863 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, generated through genotype-by-sequencing methodology. Markers were placed on a recombination map of seven linkage groups (LGs) created using Joinmap v.5. The seed set on self- and open-pollinated inflorescences was determined on 143 plants, including the 73 plants analysed for self-pollination response. Key Results Self-pollinations revealed a bimodal distribution of percentage SC with peaks at 50 and 100 %. A single quantitative trait locus (QTL) was identified with peak association for marker 6S14665z17875_11873 that mapped to LG 6. Peak position was associated with maximum marker segregation distortion. The self-compatible plants were equally fecund after self- and open pollination. Conclusions This is the first report in the Poaceae family of an SC locus located on LG 6. This new SC QTL discovery, as well as indicating the complex nature of the pollen–stigma recognition process and its evolutionary significance, provides an additional source of SC for breeding perennial ryegrass.

On the Evolution of Plant Mating Systems: A Reply to Waller

1987 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
pp. 804-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas W. Schemske ◽  
Russell Lande
Keyword(s):  
Mating Systems ◽  
Plant Mating Systems ◽  
Plant Mating

SEX AMONG THE FLOWERS: THE DISTRIBUTION OF PLANT MATING SYSTEMS

Evolution ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna W. Vogler ◽  
Susan Kalisz
Keyword(s):  
Mating Systems ◽  
Plant Mating Systems ◽  
Plant Mating

The Evolution of Plant Mating Systems: Multilocus Simulations of Pollen Dispersal

1987 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane R. Campbell ◽  
Nickolas M. Waser
Keyword(s):  
Mating Systems ◽  
Pollen Dispersal ◽  
Plant Mating Systems ◽  
Plant Mating

scholarly journals Can pasture persistence be improved through the use of nonryegrass species?

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
G.D. Milne
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Recent Discussion

Recent discussion about pasture persistence concentrates on pastures based on perennial ryegrass, the most commonly used grass species. This paper raises the question as to whether some of the causes of poor pasture persistence are due to perennial ryegrass being used in environments to which it is not suited. The adaptation to environmental stresses, particularly water, temperature and nutrient deficiencies, in different regions of New Zealand of tall fescue, cocksfoot, phalaris, and lucerne are discussed, and how this impacts on persistence advantages over perennial ryegrass. Keywords: persistence, pasture, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca arundinacea, Lolium perenne, Medicago sativa, Phalaris aquatica

Assessment of gene flow using tetraploid genotypes of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. V. Cunliffe ◽  
A. C. Vecchies ◽  
E. S. Jones ◽  
G. A. Kearney ◽  
J. W. Forster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Numerical Representation ◽  
Pasture Grass ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Total Seed

Ryegrass species are among the most important species in sown pastures, turf settings, and weed populations worldwide. Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is an outcrossing, wind-pollinated grass. Recent research has demonstrated the feasibility of developing transgenic perennial ryegrass varieties. In order to model the consequences of gene flow from transgenic grass genotypes in a field situation, the model non-transgenic trait of fertility among autotetraploid genotypes was chosen. Gene flow over distance and direction from a donor plot to surrounding sexually compatible recipient plants was studied. Reproductive isolation was achieved through the fertility barrier that arises between tetraploid and diploid ryegrass genotypes, despite the presence of diploid plants in a meadow situation. Fertility was used as an indication of effective gene flow over distance and direction. Measures of the fertility of recipient plants included total seed production (TSP), floret site utilisation (FSU), and relative fertility of recipient plants as a percentage of those within the donor plot (RF%). A leptokurtic distribution for gene flow was identified, with differences in the rate of decline over distance depending on direction. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) polymorphism was used to identify the paternity of progeny plants. The proportional representation of parents among the progeny was not significantly different from that expected due to the numerical representation of the different donor parent genotypes. The results of this research will have important implications for risk analysis prior to the field release of transgenic ryegrasses, fescues, and other pasture grass species, and for seed production in terms of cultivar purity and optimum isolation distance.

Evolution and Ecology of Plant Mating Systems

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R Pannell ◽  
Marie Voillemot
Keyword(s):  
Mating Systems ◽  
Plant Mating Systems ◽  
Plant Mating

scholarly journals Reproductive compensation in the evolution of plant mating systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 166 (2) ◽  
pp. 673-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Porcher ◽  
Russell Lande
Keyword(s):  
Mating Systems ◽  
Reproductive Compensation ◽  
Plant Mating Systems ◽  
Plant Mating

scholarly journals High-Throughput Ground Cover Classification of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.) for the Estimation of Persistence in Pasture Breeding

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1206
Author(s):  
Chinthaka Jayasinghe ◽  
Pieter Badenhorst ◽  
Joe Jacobs ◽  
German Spangenberg ◽  
Kevin Smith
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Ground Truth Data ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Biotic Stresses

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is one of the most important forage grass species in temperate regions of Australia and New Zealand. However, it can have poor persistence due to a low tolerance to both abiotic and biotic stresses. A major challenge in measuring persistence in pasture breeding is that the assessment of pasture survival depends on ranking populations based on manual ground cover estimation. Ground cover measurements may include senescent and living tissues and can be measured as percentages or fractional units. The amount of senescent pasture present in a sward may indicate changes in plant growth, development, and resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. The existing tools to estimate perennial ryegrass ground cover are not sensitive enough to discriminate senescent ryegrass from soil. This study aimed to develop a more precise sensor-based phenomic method to discriminate senescent pasture from soil. Ground-based RGB images, airborne multispectral images, ground-based hyperspectral data, and ground truth samples were taken from 54 perennial ryegrass plots three years after sowing. Software packages and machine learning scripts were used to develop a pipeline for high-throughput data extraction from sensor-based platforms. Estimates from the high-throughput pipeline were positively correlated with the ground truth data (p < 0.05). Based on the findings of this study, we conclude that the RGB-based high-throughput approach offers a precision tool to assess perennial ryegrass persistence in pasture breeding programs. Improvements in the spatial resolution of hyperspectral and multispectral techniques would then be used for persistence estimation in mixed swards and other monocultures.

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