A-5 Examining the Interactive Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury and Apolipoprotein E on Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1044-1044
Author(s):  
Claire Alexander ◽  
Julie Suhr
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Decline Rate ◽  
History Of ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Objective Little research has focused on possible effects of TBI on cognitive decline rate after Alzheimer’s disease (ad) diagnosis. We examined whether Apolipoprotein E (APOE) status and TBI history interact to predict cognitive decline. Method We used data from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Centers (N = 463; 42.3% APOE e4 carriers, 7.8% with TBI history, mean baseline age 79.3). Inclusion criteria included normal cognition at baseline with diagnosis of ad at a follow-up visit; baseline age 50 or older; and at least 3 years of follow-up data. Mixed models (random intercept, random slope) were used, with TBI history, APOE status, and their interaction as predictors of interest. Education, race, and history of TIA, stroke, or hypertension were included as covariates. Cognitive measures included mental status exam scores and immediate/delayed story memory. Results After accounting for covariates, TBI history had a positive effect on cognitive decline rate on the screener and immediate memory measures. APOE status did not affect rate of cognitive decline on the screener, but presence of e4 predicted faster decline on immediate and delayed memory. TBI history and APOE status interacted to predict delayed memory decline, such that history of TBI was associated with a reduced rate of decline for e4 non-carriers but there was no effect of TBI for e4 carriers. Conclusion When examining cognitive decline trajectory, TBI history predicted slower decline (a positive effect) while APOE had either a negative impact or no effect, depending on the measure. Future study should examine cognitive decline in the context of demographic and genetic factors.

Mnemonics Usage and Cognitive Decline in Age-Associated Memory Impairment

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary W. Small ◽  
Asenath La Rue ◽  
Scott Komo ◽  
Andrea Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Memory Measure ◽  
History Of

To determine predictors of cognitive deterioration, the authors performed baseline and 1- to 5-year follow-up (mean ± SD = 2.5 ± 1.2 years) neuropsychological assessments on 36 persons (mean age ± SD = 62.1 ± 8.0; range = 50 to 81 years) with age-associated memory impairment. Subjects were recruited from a larger group of volunteers, had minimal medical comorbidity, and 25 of them had a family history of Alzheimer's disease. Baseline age and a subjective memory measure indicating reported frequency of mnemonics usage were significant decline predictors. Subjects reporting more frequent mnemonics use at baseline were more likely to show objective cognitive decline at follow-up. Baseline full-scale IQ, educational level, and family history of Alzheimer's disease failed to predict decline. These findings suggest that although age is the strongest decline predictor in some people with age-associated memory impairment, self-perception of memory function may also predict subsequent cognitive loss.

Smell identification test as a progression marker in Alzheimer's disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 502-502
Author(s):  
L. Velayudhan ◽  
M. Pritchard ◽  
S. Lovestone
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Rapid Progressors ◽  
Progression Marker ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Smell Identification

IntroductionFactors influencing or predicting progression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not well understood. Olfactory dysfunction, impaired smell identification in particular, is known to occur in AD. Mesial temporal lobe, important for memory function is also critical for the processing of olfactory information. In view of the common anatomical substrate, we hypothesized that olfaction dysfunction worsens faster in people with AD with rapid cognitive decline compared to those with slower cognitive decline.AimsTo test whether smell identification test can be used as a predictor for illness progression in AD patients.MethodsForty one participants with late onset mild to moderate AD were recruited from mental health services for older adults. Subjects were classified as ‘Rapid Progressors’ defined on ‘a-priori’ with a loss of 2 or more points in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) within six months. Assessments included MMSE, Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Bristol Activities of Daily Living, and the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), at baseline and after 3 months.ResultsTwenty subjects were ‘Rapid Progressors’, and had lower UPSIT scores compared to ‘Non-Rapid Progressors’ both at the baseline (p = 0.02) and at follow up after 3 months (p = 0.05). Baseline UPSIT correlated with follow up UPSIT (r = 0.5, p < 0.01) and MMSE (r = 0.4, p = 0.04). Also it was the baseline UPSIT score that best predicted (p < 0.05) the follow up smell and cognitive function on linear regression analysis.ConclusionsSmell identification function could be useful as a clinical measure to assess and predict progression in AD.

Apolipoprotein E and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease

Neurology ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Plassman ◽  
J. C.S. Breitner
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Apolipoprotein E

scholarly journals P2-299: EFFECT OF APOLIPOPROTEIN E ε4 ALLELE ON PROGRESSION RATE OF COGNITIVE DECLINE IN PRODROMAL AND MILD ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. P701-P701
Author(s):  
Kazushi Suzuki ◽  
Ryoko Ihara ◽  
Takeshi Ikeuchi ◽  
Atsushi Iwata ◽  
Takeshi Iwatsubo
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Ε4 Allele

Different patterns of cognitive decline related to normal or deteriorating EEG in a 3-year follow-up study of patients with Alzheimer's disease

Neurology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 528-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
E-L. Helkala ◽  
V. Laulumaa ◽  
H. Soininen ◽  
J. Partanen ◽  
P. J. Riekkinen
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Follow Up Study

Alzheimer’s Disease and History of Blood Transfusion by Apolipoprotein-E Genotype

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.S. O'Meara ◽  
W.A. Kukull ◽  
G.D. Schellenberg ◽  
J.D. Bowen ◽  
W.C. McCormick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
History Of ◽  
Apolipoprotein E Genotype

scholarly journals Spontaneous ARIA-like Events in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy–Related Inflammation: A Multicenter Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012778
Author(s):  
Laura Antolini ◽  
Jacopo C. DiFrancesco ◽  
Marialuisa Zedde ◽  
Gianpaolo Basso ◽  
Andrea Arighi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy ◽  
Pulse Therapy ◽  
Amyloid Angiopathy ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort ◽  
History Of ◽  
Corticosteroid Pulse Therapy ◽  
Cerebral Amyloid

Background and Objectives:To investigate the natural history and outcomes following treatment for spontaneous amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA)-like in cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-ri).Methods:A multicenter, hospital-based, longitudinal, prospective observational study of inpatients meeting CAA-ri diagnostic criteria, recruited through the iCAβ International Network, in the period January 2013 - March 2017. A protocol for systematic data collection at first-ever presentation and at subsequent in-person visits, including T1-weighted, GRE-T2*, fluid-suppressed T2-weighted (FLAIR), and T1 post-gadolinium contrast-enhancement images aquired on 1.5T MRI, was employed at 3, 6, 12, 24-months follow-up. Centralized reads of MRI images were performed blinded to clinical, therapeutic, and time-points information. Main outcomes were survival, clinical and radiological recovery, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and recurrence of CAA-ri.Results:The study enrolled 113 participants (10.6% definite, 71.7% probable, and 17.7% possible CAA-ri), mean age 72.9 years, 43.4% female, 37.1% APOEε4 carriers. 36.3% had a history of Alzheimer’s disease, 33.6% of ICH. A history of ICH, as well as the occurrence of new ICH at follow-up, was more common in patients with cortical superficial siderosis at baseline (52.6% vs 14.3%; p< 0.0001 and 19.3% vs 3.6%; p<0.009, respectively). After the first-ever presentation of CAA-ri, 70.3% (95% CI, 61.6-78.5) and 84.1% (95% CI, 76.2-90.6) clinically recovered within three and twelve months, followed by radiological recovery in 45.1% (95% CI, 36.4 - 54.8) and 77.4% (95% CI, 67.7 - 85.9), respectively. After clinicoradiological resolution of the first-ever episode, 38,3% (95% CI, 22.9 - 59.2) had at least one recurrence within the following 24 months. Recurrence was more likely if intravenous high dose corticosteroid pulse therapy was suddenly stopped compared to slow oral tapering-off (Hazard Ratio 4.68; 95% CI, 1.57-13.93; p=0.006).Discussion:These results from the largest longitudinal cohort registry of patients with CAA-ri support the transient and potentially relapsing inflammatory nature of the clinical-radiological acute manifestations of the disease and the effectiveness of slow oral tapering-off after intravenous corticosteroid pulse therapy in preventing recurrences. Our results highlight the importance of differential diagnosis for spontaneous ARIA-like events in Aβ-driven diseases, including treatment-related ARIA in Alzheimer’s disease patients exposed to immunotherapy drugs.

scholarly journals Automatic Prediction of Cognitive and Functional Decline Can Significantly Decrease the Number of Subjects Required for Clinical Trials in Early Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Neda Shafiee ◽  
Mahsa Dadar ◽  
Simon Ducharme ◽  
D. Louis Collins ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Disease Heterogeneity ◽  
Early Alzheimer’S Disease

Background: While both cognitive and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data has been used to predict progression in Alzheimer’s disease, heterogeneity between patients makes it challenging to predict the rate of cognitive and functional decline for individual subjects. Objective: To investigate prognostic power of MRI-based biomarkers of medial temporal lobe atrophy and macroscopic tissue change to predict cognitive decline in individual patients in clinical trials of early Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: Data used in this study included 312 patients with mild cognitive impairment from the ADNI dataset with baseline MRI, cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-β, cognitive test scores, and a minimum of two-year follow-up information available. We built a prognostic model using baseline cognitive scores and MRI-based features to determine which subjects remain stable and which functionally decline over 2 and 3-year follow-up periods. Results: Combining both sets of features yields 77%accuracy (81%sensitivity and 75%specificity) to predict cognitive decline at 2 years (74%accuracy at 3 years with 75%sensitivity and 73%specificity). When used to select trial participants, this tool yields a 3.8-fold decrease in the required sample size for a 2-year study (2.8-fold decrease for a 3-year study) for a hypothesized 25%treatment effect to reduce cognitive decline. Conclusion: When used in clinical trials for cohort enrichment, this tool could accelerate development of new treatments by significantly increasing statistical power to detect differences in cognitive decline between arms. In addition, detection of future decline can help clinicians improve patient management strategies that will slow or delay symptom progression.

Alzheimer’s Disease: Physical Activities as an Effective Intervention Tool - A Mini-Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanka Klimova ◽  
Petra Maresova ◽  
Kamil Kuca
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Research Studies

Background: There are a few risk factors which definitely have an impact on the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Those include genetics, gender, age, diabetes, head injuries, and lifestyle. Physical activity together with a healthy diet is part of people’s lifestyle. At present, there exist several research studies showing that the physical activities can be a good intervention tool in the delay of cognitive decline in AD. Objective: The aim of this study is to discuss a relationship between the physical activities and the delay and/or maintenance of cognitive decline in AD and the types of physical activities which are especially suitable for this delay. Methods: The method of this review study consists of a method of literature review analysing the data contained in the world’s prestigious scientific databases: PubMed, Springer, Web of Science and Scopus in the period of 2010 - 2015. In addition, a method of comparison of different research studies discussing various aspects and factors of the correlation of physical activities and AD is used. Results: The findings of this review confirm that in most cases, physical activities have a positive effect on the improvement of cognitive decline in AD. Conclusion: Although physical activities seem to be beneficial for people with AD, more convincing results, particularly in the area of specific types of exercises and their impact on slowing down the cognitive decline, respectively AD, are needed.

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