Does Estradiol Level in Platelet-Rich Plasma Improve Efficacy of Androgenic Alopecia Treatment?

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. NP613-NP618
Author(s):  
Bilsev Ince ◽  
Munur Selcuk Kendir ◽  
Ibrahim Kilinc ◽  
Mustafa Cihat Avunduk ◽  
Mehmet Dadaci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Androgenic Alopecia ◽  
Hair Density ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Literature Report ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Estrogen Concentration ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Although some studies in the literature report that autologous and homologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can be employed in the treatment of androgenic alopecia (AGA), no study, to the authors’ knowledge, has examined the estrogen concentration of prepared PRP. Objectives The authors aimed to determine the presence of estrogen in PRP and to investigate the effect of estrogen concentration of PRP on AGA treatment. Methods Between 2017 and 2018, 30 male patients with hair loss complaints were included in this prospective study. Autologous PRP was injected in patients in Group 1. Homologous PRP with high estrogen levels was injected in the patients in Group 2. PRP was injected in both groups 4 times at 0, 1, 3, and 6 months. The obtained photographs were evaluated and hair densities of each patient at controls were calculated. Results The mean estrogen level measured in PRP was statistically significantly higher in Group 2. In both groups, the increase in hair density was observed from the first month, but this increase was statistically significantly higher in all controls in Group 2. In Group 2, there was a statistically significant increase in the 1st and 3rd months compared with the previous control, but there was no difference between the 6th and 12th months and the 3rd month. Conclusions Increased hair density is greater and earlier in the group receiving estrogen-rich PRP than in the group utilizing autologous PRP. The authors think that estrogen-rich PRP may be employed in the treatment of AGA in the presence of an appropriate donor. Level of Evidence: 2

Effect of Unilateral Accessory Navicular Bone on Radiologic Parameters of Foot

2020 ◽  
pp. 107110072096482
Author(s):  
Mustafa Kara ◽  
Serkan Bayram
Keyword(s):  
Navicular Bone ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
First Metatarsal ◽  
Metatarsal Angle ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Accessory Navicular ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: This study aimed to compare the radiologic parameters of both feet in patients with unilateral accessory navicular bone (ANB) and evaluate the differences from one another. Methods: Forty-one patients with unilateral ANB volunteered to participate in this study from August 2019 to January 2020. Patient data, including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), type of ANB, and presence of symptoms were obtained. Group 1 comprised 23 patients with asymptomatic unilateral ANB, and group 2 comprised 18 patients with symptomatic unilateral ANB. Seven radiologic parameters were evaluated assessing hindfoot, midfoot, and forefoot alignment—calcaneal pitch angle, talocalcaneal angle, tibiocalcaneal angle, naviculocuboid overlap (NCO), talonavicular coverage angle (TNCA), anteroposterior talo–first metatarsal angle, and lateral talo–first metatarsal angle. Results: The mean age of patients was 40.1 years in group 1 and 42.6 years in group 2. Mean BMI was 25.2 in group 1 and 26.6 in group 2. No significant differences were noted in the radiologic parameters between the ANB and contralateral sides in all patients. The radiologic parameters of both feet in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients were not significantly different. No significant differences were noted between the affected sides of type 1 and 2 ANB and contralateral sides in terms of the radiologic parameters. BMI was significantly correlated with NCO and TNCA. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the presence of an accessory navicular bone did not affect radiologic parameters of the foot. Radiologic parameters of both feet in symptomatic patients were not significantly different. Level of Evidence: Level III, diagnostic, comparative study.

Management of incus long process defects: incus interposition versus incudostapedial rebridging with bone cement

2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (9) ◽  
pp. 842-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Celenk ◽  
T Baglam ◽  
E Baysal ◽  
C Durucu ◽  
Z A Karatas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Hearing Results ◽  
Hearing Gain ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Reliable Methods ◽  
Group 1

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to compare the hearing results of incus interposition and bone cement ossiculoplasty in patients with incus long process defects.Materials and methods:Ninety-nine patients with incus long process defects were included. Incus interposition was performed in 49 patients (group 1) and bone cement ossiculoplasty was performed in 50 patients (group 2). Group 1 included 29 female and 20 male patients, with a mean age ± standard deviation of 29.43 ± 12.5 years (range, 8–58 years). Group 2 comprised 32 female and 18 male patients, with a mean age ± standard deviation of 29.1 ± 14.89 years (range, 8–67 years).Results:The mean hearing gain ± standard deviation was 15.2 ± 9.01 dB in group 1 and 19.36 ± 9.08 dB in group 2. Hearing gain was significantly greater in the bone cement group than in the incus interposition group (p = 0.0186). Successful hearing results (i.e. air–bone gap < 20 dB) were achieved by 63.2 per cent of group 1 patients and 78 per cent of group 2 patients.Conclusion:Incus interposition and bone cement ossiculoplasty are safe and reliable methods with which to manage incus long process defects. Bone cement ossiculoplasty gives a greater hearing gain in appropriate cases.

scholarly journals Relapse following use of Ponseti method in idiopathic clubfoot

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 566-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Chand ◽  
A. Mehtani ◽  
A. Sud ◽  
J. Prakash ◽  
A. Sinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ponseti Method ◽  
Idiopathic Clubfoot ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Percutaneous Tenotomy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Relapse Rates ◽  
Group 1

Purpose We assessed the pattern of relapse as well as the correlation between the number of casts required for correction and Pirani and Dimeglio scores at presentation, and age at presentation. We hypothesized that the Ponseti method would be effective in treatment of relapsed clubfoot as well. Methods We evaluated 115 idiopathic clubfeet in 79 children presenting with relapse following treatment by the Ponseti method. The mean age was 33.8 months with mean follow-up of 24 months. All patients were assessed for various patterns of relapsed deformities. Quantification of deformities was done using the Pirani and Dimeglio scores. All relapsed feet were treated by a repeat Ponseti protocol. Results Non-compliance to a foot abduction brace was observed to be the main contributing factor in relapse, in 99 clubfeet (86%). Combination of three static deformities (equinus, varus and adduction) together was observed most commonly (38.3% feet). Overall, relapse of equinus deformity was noted most commonly followed by adduction. A painless plantigrade foot was obtained in all 115 feet with a mean of five casts. In all, 71 feet (61.7%) underwent percutaneous tenotomy. A total of 15 feet (13%) required tibialis anterior tendon transfer. Re-relapse rate in group 1 was 21% compared with 12.6% in group 2 and overall 16.5%. Conclusion We conclude that the Ponseti method is effective and the preferred initial treatment modality for relapsed clubfeet. Surgical intervention should be reserved for residual deformity only after a fair trial of Ponseti cast treatment. Regular follow-up and strict adherence to brace protocol may reduce future relapse rates. Further research is required to identify high-risk feet and develop individualized bracing protocol. Level of evidence: IV

scholarly journals Efficacy of Intraoperative Administration of Topical Tranexamic Acid Solution on Blood Loss During Surgical Removal of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (35) ◽  
pp. 2989-2993
Author(s):  
Subhashini Ramasubbu ◽  
Shivangi Gaur ◽  
Abdul Wahab PU ◽  
Madhulaxmi Marimuthu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Impacted Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

BACKGROUND Perioperative haemorrhage is an important concern during any surgical procedure. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of tranexamic acid (TXA) irrigation on perioperative haemorrhage during the surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial, 120 participants who underwent surgical removal of horizontally impacted mandibular third molar were divided into 2 groups. The patients in the Group 1 received 0.9 % normal saline for irrigation during the procedure and the patients in the Group 2 received TXA irrigation with normal saline (1 mg / mL), age, gender, operation duration, amount of blood loss and visual assessment of surgical field were the variables that were studied. The use of TXA solution for irrigation was the predictive factor of the study. RESULTS Each group consisted of 60 patients. Group 1 consisted of 31 male patients (51.7 %) and 29 female patients (48.3 %) and group 2 consisted of 30 male patients (50 %) and 30 female patients (50 %). There was no difference in the distribution of the variables between the 2 groups, except for the duration of the operation. The mean operative time was 20.94 ± 0.61 minutes in group 1 and 26.17 ± 0.98 minutes in group 2 (P > .05) which was not statistically significant. The mean intraoperative blood loss was 44.47 ± 6.416 mL in group 1 and 84.73 ± 7.861 in group 2 (P < .05). The mean volume of irrigation was 100.08 ± 7.658 mL in group 1 and 140.33 ± 12.332 mL in group 2 (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS TXA is effective in reducing the risk of intraoperative blood loss in patients for whom substantial blood loss is anticipated. KEY WORDS Tranexamic Acid, TXA, Blood Loss, Third Molar Surgery, Impacted Tooth Removal.

Polyurethane Meniscal Scaffold: Does Preoperative Remnant Meniscal Extrusion Have an Influence on Postoperative Extrusion and Knee Function?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo E. Gelber ◽  
Raúl Torres-Claramunt ◽  
Francesco Poggioli ◽  
Daniel Pérez-Prieto ◽  
Joan C. Monllau
Keyword(s):  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Meniscal Extrusion ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Meniscal Scaffold ◽  
Functional Scores ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

AbstractMeniscal extrusion (ME) has been identified as a risk factor in the development of knee osteoarthritis. The relevance of this finding when a meniscal scaffold is used has not been extensively studied. The objective of this study was to determine whether preoperative meniscal remnant extrusion (MRE) was correlated with postoperative scaffold extrusion (SE) or with functional outcomes at the 2-year follow-up. Retrospective study included all polyurethane scaffolds implanted with a minimum 2-year follow-up. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed preoperatively and postoperatively at 2 years. Extrusion was measured in millimeters in a coronal view. Patients were assigned to either group 1 or 2 depending on the preoperative MRE being either <3 mm (minor extrusion) or 3 mm (major extrusion). Functional outcomes were analyzed by means of the Western Ontario Meniscal Evaluation Tool (WOMET), International Knee Documentation Committee, Kujala and Tegner scores, as well as visual analog scale. Satisfaction was also documented. Sixty-two out of 98 patients were available to undergo an MRI at final follow-up. The mean age was 41.3 years (range, 17–58) and the mean follow-up was 45 months (range, 25–69). The mean preoperative MRE was 2.8 mm (standard deviation [SD] 1.2) and the mean postoperative SE was 3.8 mm (SD 1.8) (p < 0.01). All functional scores improved during the study period. When the correlation (Spearman's rho) between the difference in extrusion between the pre 26 and postoperative periods and their correlation with the different scores was assessed, correlation was only observed in the WOMET (rho 0.61, p = 0.02). The preoperative MRE in Group 1 was 1.85 mm (SD 0.83) and 3.7 mm (SD 2.2) in Group 2 (p < 0.01). At final follow-up, SE was 3.86 mm (SD 0.7) in Group 1, whereas it was 3.98 mm (SD 1) in Group 2 (p = 0.81). No differences were observed in the scores used for these two groups. The SE observed at the 2-year follow-up after the implantation of a polyurethane scaffold did not depend on preoperative MRE (major or minor extrusion). The WOMET score, which was the only meniscal-specific functional scored used, showed some inferior results in the most extruded meniscal scaffolds. This is a retrospective case series. Level of evidence is 4.

Creation of physiologic rhythm by closed loop stimulation in heart failure patients with severe chronotropic incompetence: worldwide first results of a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Proff ◽  
B Merkely ◽  
R Papp ◽  
C Lenz ◽  
P.J Nordbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Chronotropic Incompetence ◽  
First Results ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background The prevalence of chronotropic incompetence (CI) in heart failure (HF) population is high and negatively impacts prognosis. In HF patients with an implanted cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) device and severe CI, the effect of rate adaptive pacing on patient outcomes is unclear. Closed loop stimulation (CLS) based on cardiac impedance measurement may be an optimal method of heart rate adaptation according to metabolic need in HF patients with severe CI. Purpose This is the first study evaluating the effect of CLS on the established prognostic parameters assessed by the cardio-pulmonary exercise (CPX) testing and on quality of life (QoL) of the patients. Methods A randomised, controlled, double-blind and crossover pilot study has been performed in CRT patients with severe CI defined as the inability to achieve 70% of the age-predicted maximum heart rate (APMHR). After baseline assessment, patients were randomised to either DDD-CLS pacing (group 1) or DDD pacing at 40 bpm (group 2) for a 1-month period, followed by crossover for another month. At baseline and at 1- and 2-month follow-ups, a CPX was performed and QoL was assessed using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. The main endpoints were the effect of CLS on ventilatory efficiency (VE) slope (evaluated by an independent CPX expert), the responder rate defined as an improvement (decrease) of the VE slope by at least 5%, percentage of maximal predicted heart rate reserve (HRR) achieved, and QoL. Results Of the 36 patients enrolled in the study, 20 fulfilled the criterion for severe CI and entered the study follow-up (mean age 68.9±7.4 years, 70% men, LVEF=41.8±9.3%, 40%/60% NYHA class II/III). Full baseline and follow-up datasets were obtained in 17 patients. The mean VE slope and HRR at baseline were 34.4±4.4 and 49.6±23.8%, respectively, in group 1 (n=7) and 34.5±12.2 and 54.2±16.1% in group 2 (n=10). After completing the 2-month CPX, the mean difference between DDD-CLS and DDD-40 modes was −2.4±8.3 (group 1) and −1.2±3.5 (group 2) for VE slope, and 17.1±15.5% (group 1) and 8.7±18.8% (group 2) for HRR. Altogether, VE slope improved by −1.8±2.95 (p=0.31) in DDD-CLS versus DDD-40, and HRR improved by 12.9±8.8% (p=0.01). The VE slope decreased by ≥5% in 47% of patients (“responders to CLS”). The mean difference in the QoL between DDD-CLS and DDD-40 was 0.16±0.25 in group 1 and −0.01±0.05 in group 2, resulting in an overall increase by 0.08±0.08 in the DDD-CLS mode (p=0.13). Conclusion First results of the evaluation of the effectiveness of CLS in CRT patients with severe CI revealed that CLS generated an overall positive effect on well-established surrogate parameters for prognosis. About one half of the patients showed CLS response in terms of improved VE slope. In addition, CLS improved quality of life. Further clinical research is needed to identify predictors that can increase the responder rate and to confirm improvement in clinical outcomes. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Biotronik SE & Co. KG

Comparison of the ATRIA, CHA2DS2-VASc, and Modified Scores ATRIA-HSV, CHA2DS2-VASc-HS, for the Prediction of Coronary Artery Disease Severity

Angiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 000331972199141
Author(s):  
Arafat Yildirim ◽  
Mehmet Kucukosmanoglu ◽  
Fethi Yavuz ◽  
Nermin Yildiz Koyunsever ◽  
Yusuf Cekici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease Severity ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Group 1

Many parameters included in the Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) and CHA2DS2-VASc (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke, vascular disease, age 65-74 years, sex category) scores also predict coronary artery disease (CAD). We modified the ATRIA score (ATRIA-HSV) by adding hyperlipidemia, smoking, and vascular disease and also male sex instead of female. We evaluated whether the CHA2DS2-VASc, CHA2DS2-VASc-HS, ATRIA, and ATRIA-HSV scores predict severe CAD. Consecutive patients with coronary angiography were prospectively included. A ≥50% stenosis in ≥1epicardial coronary artery (CA) was defined as severe CAD. Patient with normal CA (n = 210) were defined as group 1, with <50% CA stenosis (n = 178) as group 2, and with ≥50% stenosis (n = 297) as group 3. The mean ATRIA, ATRIA-HSV, CHA2DS2-VASc, and CHA2DS2VASc-HS scores increased from group 1 to group 3. A correlation was found between the Synergy between PCI with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery score and ATRIA ( r = 0.570), ATRIA-HSV ( r = 0.614), CHA2DS2-VASc ( r = 0.428), and CHA2DS2-VASc-HS ( r = 0.500) scores ( Ps < .005). Pairwise comparisons of receiver operating characteristics curves showed that ATRIA-HSV (>3 area under curve [AUC]: 0.874) and ATRIA (>3, AUC: 0.854) have a better performance than CHA2DS2-VASc (>1, AUC: 0.746) and CHA2DS2-VASc-HS (>2, AUC: 0.769). In conclusion, the ATRIA and ATRIA-HSV scores are simple and may be useful to predict severe CAD.

Does Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding Have a Long-Term Effect on Nasal and Upper Airway Dimensions?

2020 ◽  
pp. 105566562098023
Author(s):  
Ashwina S. Banari ◽  
Sanjeev Datana ◽  
Shiv Shankar Agarwal ◽  
Sujit Kumar Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Upper Airway ◽  
P Value ◽  
Airway Patency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Acoustic Pharyngometry ◽  
Nasoalveolar Molding ◽  
Area And Volume ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: To compare nasal and upper airway dimensions in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) who underwent nasoalveolar molding (NAM) with those without NAM during infancy using acoustic pharyngometry and rhinometry. Materials and Methods: Eccovision acoustic pharyngometry and rhinometry (Sleep Group Solutions) was used for assessment of mean area and volume of nasal and upper airway in patients with complete unilateral CLP (age range 16-21 years) treated with NAM (group 1, n = 19) versus without NAM (group 2, n = 22). Results: The mean nasal cross-sectional areas and volume were higher in group 1 compared to group 2 on both cleft ( P value <.001) and noncleft side ( P value >.05). The mean area and volume of upper airway were also significantly higher in group 1 compared to group 2 ( P value <.05). Conclusions: Nasoalveolar molding being one of the first interventions in chronology of treatment of patients with CLP, its long-term outcome on nasal and upper airway patency needs to be ascertained. The results of the present study show that the patients with CLP who have undergone NAM during infancy have better improvement in nasal and upper airway patency compared with those who had not undergone NAM procedure. The basic advantages of being noninvasive, nonionizing and providing dynamic assessment of nasal and upper airway patency make acoustic pharyngometry and rhinometry a diagnostic tool of choice to be used in patients with CLP.

scholarly journals Comparison of Bite Force in Patients After Treatment of Mandibular Fractures With 3-Dimensional Locking Miniplate and Standard Miniplates

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Gaurav Singh ◽  
Madan Mishra ◽  
Amit Gaur ◽  
Dhritiman Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Bite Force ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Drilling Conditions ◽  
Group 1

Background: Fractures of the mandible can be studied and described in anatomic terms, functional considerations, treatment strategies, and outcome measures. The performance of any fixation system depends on multiple factors including plate adaptation, screw placement, bone quality, drilling conditions, and postoperative patient compliance. Bite force assesses masticatory muscle function under clinical and experimental conditions. Method: 30 patients with isolated, noncomminuted mandibular fractures were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group 1 patients were treated using 3-dimensional locking miniplates and group 2 patients were treated with standard miniplates. The bite forces were recorded at definite time intervals: preoperatively, and second week, sixth week, third month, and sixth month postoperatively. Result: At 6 weeks postoperative, 3 month postoperative, and 6 month postoperative, the mean bite force was found to be significantly higher among group 1 patients as compared to those in group 2 in all the sites. While at 2 week postoperative, the mean bite force was found to be significantly higher in Group 2 as compared to Group 1 at incisor region. Conclusion: The overall results of the present study show better performance in bite force for the 3-dimensional locking miniplate when compared with standard miniplates.

scholarly journals Repair Integrity and Functional Outcomes Between Knot-Tying and Knotless Suture-Bridge Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 232596712110024
Author(s):  
Koray Şahin ◽  
Fatih Şentürk ◽  
Mehmet Ersin ◽  
Ufuk Arzu ◽  
Mechmet Chodza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Constant Score ◽  
Knot Tying ◽  
Suture Bridge ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cuff Repair ◽  
Group 1

Background: Knot-tying suture-bridge (SB) rotator cuff repair may compromise the vascularity of the repaired tendon, causing tendon strangulation and medial repair failure. The knotless SB repair technique has been proposed to overcome this possibility and decrease retear rates. Purpose: To compare clinical and structural outcomes and retear patterns between the knot-tying and knotless SB techniques. We hypothesized that the knotless technique would result in lower retear rates owing to the preservation of intratendinous vascularity. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: A total of 104 patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tears were randomly and prospectively allocated to undergo knot-tying (group 1) or knotless (group 2) SB repair. Clinical outcome measures included range of motion, the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, and the Constant score for function. Repair integrity was evaluated on magnetic resonance imaging scans using the Sugaya classification. Retears were also classified according to their pattern as type 1 (lateral) or type 2 (medial). Results: Overall, 88 patients (group 1: n = 42 [mean ± SD age, 54.3 ± 9.8 years]; group 2: n = 46 [mean ± SD age, 55.8 ± 8.2 years]) were included in the final analysis. The mean ± SD follow-up period was 25.4 ± 8.3 and 23.3 ± 7.2 months for groups 1 and 2, respectively. From preoperatively to postoperatively, the mean VAS pain score improved significantly in both groups (group 1: from 7.4 ± 1.7 to 1.0 ± 1.7; group 2: from 7.1 ± 1.9 to 1.3 ± 2.0; P < .0001 for both), as did the mean ± SD Constant score (group 1: from 51.7 ± 13.4 to 86.0 ± 11.5; group 2: from 49.4 ± 18.4 to 87.2 ± 14.8; P < .0001 for both). There was no significant difference between the groups for the postoperative VAS or Constant score. The retear rate was not significantly different between the groups (19.0% [8/42] in group 1 and 28.3% [13/46] in group 2; P > .05). There was a significant difference in the type 2 failure rate (75.0% [6/8] in group 1 and 23.1% [3/13] in group 2; P = .03). Conclusion: Both techniques showed excellent improvement and comparable clinical outcomes, and there was no significant difference in retear rates. Consistent with previously published data, the type 2 failure rate was significantly higher with the knot-tying technique. Registration: NCT03982108 ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).

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