scholarly journals Impact of Sugar-sweetened Beverage Health Warnings on Beverage Purchases: A Randomized Controlled Trial (OR28-01-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Grummon ◽  
Lindsey Smith Taillie ◽  
Shelley Golden ◽  
Marissa Hall ◽  
Leah Ranney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Warning Label ◽  
Health Warnings ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Health Warning ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Sweetened Beverages

Abstract Objectives Five U.S. states have proposed policies to require health warnings on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). SSB health warnings reduce intentions to purchase SSBs, but their effect on actual purchasing behavior remains uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the effect of front-of-package SSB health warnings on SSB purchases. Methods In 2018, we conducted a randomized controlled trial in a life-size replica of a convenience store located in Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A. Items were sold at real-world prices and included foods, sugar-sweetened and non-sugar-sweetened beverages, and household products. A convenience sample of 400 adult (age ≥ 18) SSB consumers (consume ≥ 12 oz/week of SSBs) were randomly assigned to a health warning arm (SSBs in the store displayed a health warning label modeled after proposed warnings in the U.S.) or a control condition (SSBs displayed a control label). Labels were displayed on the front of SSB containers. Participants selected items for purchase using $10 provided at study start. The primary outcome was SSB calories purchased. Results All 400 participants (236 women, 159 men, and 5 transgender people; mean age = 29.0 [SD = 10.3] years) completed the trial and were included in analyses. Control arm participants were less likely to be Hispanic and to have body mass index in the overweight/obese range than health warning arm participants. Participants in the control arm purchased an average of 143.2 calories from SSBs (SE = 9.7), compared to 109.9 calories from SSBs (SE = 9.5) in the health warning arm. In intent-to-treat analyses adjusting for Hispanic ethnicity and overweight/obesity, health warnings significantly reduced SSB purchases (adjusted difference, −32.4 calories; 95% CI, −59.5, −5.2; P = 0.019). SSB health warnings also reduced the proportion of participants who purchased an SSB from 64% to 50% and the number of SSBs purchased from 0.9 to 0.7 beverages. Results were identical in unadjusted analyses. Conclusions Brief exposure to health warnings reduced SSB purchases in this naturalistic randomized controlled trial. Implementing policies to require SSB health warnings could discourage SSB consumption. Funding Sources Funding for this study was provided by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) and by an internal university grant. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals Substituting Water for Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Reduces Circulating Triglycerides and the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Obese but Not in Overweight Mexican Women in a Randomized Controlled Trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 144 (11) ◽  
pp. 1742-1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Hernández-Cordero ◽  
Simón Barquera ◽  
Sonia Rodríguez-Ramírez ◽  
María Angeles Villanueva-Borbolla ◽  
Teresa González de Cossio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Mexican Women ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Sweetened Beverages

scholarly journals Traffic-light labels and financial incentives to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage purchases by low-income Latino families: a randomized controlled trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1426-1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L Franckle ◽  
Douglas E Levy ◽  
Lorena Macias-Navarro ◽  
Eric B Rimm ◽  
Anne N Thorndike
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Sweetened Beverages

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the present study was to test the effectiveness of financial incentives and traffic-light labels to reduce purchases of sugar-sweetened beverages in a community supermarket.DesignIn this randomized controlled trial, after a 2-month baseline period (February–March 2014), in-store traffic-light labels were posted to indicate healthy (green), less healthy (yellow) or unhealthy (red) beverages. During the subsequent five months (April–August 2014), participants in the intervention arm were eligible to earn a $US 25 in-store gift card each month they refrained from purchasing red-labelled beverages.SettingUrban supermarket in Chelsea, MA, USA, a low-income Latino community.SubjectsParticipants were customers of this supermarket who had at least one child living at home. A total of 148 customers (n 77 in the intervention group and n 71 in the control group) were included in the final analyses.ResultsOutcomes were monthly in-store purchases tracked using a store loyalty card and self-reported consumption of red-labelled beverages. Compared with control participants, the proportion of intervention participants who purchased any red-labelled beverages decreased by 9 % more per month (P=0·002). More intervention than control participants reduced their consumption of red-labelled beverages (−23 % v. −2 % for consuming ≥1 red beverage/week, P=0·01).ConclusionsOverall, financial incentives paired with in-store traffic-light labels modestly reduced purchase and consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages by customers of a community supermarket.

scholarly journals Health Warnings and Beverage Purchase Behavior: Mediators of Impact

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 691-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna H Grummon ◽  
Noel T Brewer
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Purchase Behavior ◽  
Health Warnings ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Health Warning ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Sweetened Beverages

Abstract Background To reduce diet-related chronic disease, policymakers have proposed requiring health warnings on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). Health warnings reduced purchases of these products by 22% in our recent randomized controlled trial, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Purpose We sought to identify the psychological mechanisms that explain why SSB health warnings affect purchase behavior. Methods In 2018, we recruited 400 adult SSB consumers to complete a shopping task in a naturalistic convenience store laboratory in North Carolina, USA. We randomly assigned participants to either a health warning arm (all SSBs in the store displayed a text health warning) or to a control arm (SSBs displayed a control label). Participants selected items to purchase with cash. Results Compared to control labels, health warnings elicited more attention, negative affect, anticipated social interactions, and thinking about harms (range of ds = 0.63–1.34; all p < .001). Health warnings also led to higher injunctive norms about limiting SSB consumption (d = 0.27, p = .008). Except for attention, all of these constructs mediated the effect of health warnings on SSB purchases (all p < .05). In contrast, health warnings did not influence other attitudes or beliefs about SSBs or SSB consumption (e.g., healthfulness, outcome expectations, and response efficacy). Conclusions Health warnings on sugar-sweetened beverages affected purchase behavior by eliciting negative emotions, increasing anticipated social interactions, keeping SSBs’ harms at top of mind, and shifting norms about beverage consumption. Results are consistent with recent studies of why tobacco warnings influence quitting behavior, pointing toward a general framework for understanding how health warnings affect behavior. Clinical Trials Registration NCT #03511937.

scholarly journals Glycemic Control Outcomes Following Three Weeks of Added Sugar-Sweetened Beverages or 100% Fruit Juice: A Randomized Controlled Trial (P12-015-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Rosenkranz ◽  
Olivet Martinez ◽  
Trevor Steele ◽  
Sam Emerson ◽  
Brooke Cull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Sweetened Beverages

Abstract Objectives Regular consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus and other obesity-related diseases. Evidence regarding the effect of 100% fruit juice on glycemic control is conflicting, with little research assessing the metabolic effects of SSBs versus 100% fruit juice, particularly in young, healthy individuals. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to determine whether there were differences in glycemic control outcomes following three weeks of added caffeine-free soda, 100% fruit juice, or water in healthy, young adults. Methods In a 3-arm randomized controlled trial, 36 participants (21.2 ± 2.8 yrs) consumed one of three beverages for three weeks: water (W), caffeine-free soda (S), or 100% fruit juice (FJ). At baseline and following the 3-week intervention, participants completed anthropometric (height, weight, waist circumference, body composition via dual energy x-ray absorptiometry) and glycemic control assessments (fasting glucose (mg/dL), fasting insulin (IU/mL), and a 2-hour glucose tolerance test (OGTT)). Following baseline assessments, participants consumed two servings/day (∼710 mL) of their randomized beverage for three weeks, along with their habitual diets. Insulin resistance was calculated using homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR). Differences between beverages for glycemic control outcomes were determined using ANOVA. Results Following the 3-week intervention, changes in fasting glucose were not significantly different between beverage conditions (W:4.70 ± 7.57%, S:5.46 ± 9.79%, FJ:4.93 ± 5.32%; P = 0.97), nor were changes in fasting insulin (W:25.77 ± 33.65%, S:15.71% ± 69.84%, FJ:25.86 ± 54.92%; P = 0.88). Changes in HOMA-IR were not different between beverage conditions (P = 0.96) and similarly, 2-hour OGTT revealed no differences between beverage conditions for glucose (P = 0.82) or insulin incremental area under the curve (P = 0.44). Conclusions In healthy, young adults, under free-living conditions, there were no differences in glycemic control outcomes when adding two servings of SSBs as compared to 100% fruit juice for three weeks. Longer-term trials are needed to elucidate the potential differential glycemic control responses to SSBs versus 100% fruit juice. Funding Sources N/A.

scholarly journals Effects of a group mindfulness-based cognitive programme on smartphone addictive symptoms and resilience among adolescents: study protocol of a cluster-randomized controlled trial

BMC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anson Chui Yan Tang ◽  
Regina Lai Tong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Abstract Background Smartphone addiction in adolescent is a significant global health issue since the last decade. Evidence has shown that the uncontrolled use of smartphone would lead to undesirable impact on their growth and development. However, evidence-based interventions to manage adolescents’ smartphone addictive behaviors is lacking. The proposed study aims to examine the effect of a group mindfulness-based cognitive programme(MBCP) on resilience, smartphone behavior and addictive symptoms in young adolescents. Methods It is an open-label, parallel-group, cluster-randomized controlled trial with repeated measurement analysis. Four primary schools in Hong Kong will be recruited and randomly allocated in a ratio of 1:1 to the intervention/control group. A convenience sample of 240 class level 5 primary school students, 60 from each school, will be recruited. Participants in the intervention group will receive a 12-week MBCP which comprises 90-minute supervised practice at school and daily home practice. Resilience will be measured by Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale – 25 (Chinese version); smartphone behavior will be represented by time spent/day using the smartphone and types of functions used; addictive symptoms will be measured by Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (Chinese Version). Baseline assessment(T0) will be conducted before the intervention starts. Post-tests will be conducted in weeks 4, 8, 12 of the intervention, and 3 months follow-up. Intention-to-Treat analysis will be applied to the variables. Generalized Estimating Equation model will be used to compare differences in resilience scores, smartphone behavior and addiction scores between and within groups, adjusted for socio-demographic factors. P < 0.05 with two-tailed test will be regarded as significance. Discussion It is expected that adolescents will demonstrate better resilience and lesser smartphone addictive symptoms after joining the MBCP. The study will be the first provided empirical evidence to support the promising application of MBCP to manage smartphone use among adolescents. It introduces community stakeholders including community nurses a non-invasive and simple-to-administer intervention to tackle problematic smartphone use among adolescent clients. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2000033273, Registered on 26 May 2020.

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