scholarly journals Processing Narratives Concerning Protected Values: A Cross-Cultural Investigation of Neural Correlates

2016 ◽  
pp. bhv325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas T. Kaplan ◽  
Sarah I. Gimbel ◽  
Morteza Dehghani ◽  
Mary Helen Immordino-Yang ◽  
Kenji Sagae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Protected Values

The Sociocultural Brain

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihui Han
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Causal Attribution ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Neuroscience ◽  
Sociocultural Experiences

Is the human brain shaped by our sociocultural experiences, and if so, how? What are the neural correlates of cultural diversity of human behavior? Do genes interact with sociocultural experiences to moderate human brain functional organization and behavior? The Sociocultural Brain examines the relationship between human sociocultural experience and brain functional organization. It introduces brain imaging studies that identify neural correlates of culturally familiar gesture, music, brand, and more. It reviews cultural neuroscience findings of cross-cultural differences in human brain activity underlying multiple cognitive and affective processes (e.g., visual perception and attention, memory, causal attribution, inference of others’ mental states, self-reflection, and empathy). Further, it reviews studies that integrate brain imaging and cultural priming to explore a causal relationship between culture and brain functional organization. It also examines empirical findings of genetic influences on the coupling between brain activity and cultural values. The book aims to provide a new perspective on human brain functional organization by highlighting the role of human sociocultural experience and its interaction with genes in shaping the human brain and our behavior. Finally, the book discusses the implications of cultural neuroscience findings for understanding the nature of the human brain and culture, as well as implications for education, cross-cultural communication and conflict, and clinical treatment of mental disorders.

scholarly journals Cross-cultural Reading the Mind in the Eyes: An fMRI Investigation

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reginald B. Adams ◽  
Nicholas O. Rule ◽  
Robert G. Franklin ◽  
Elsie Wang ◽  
Michael T. Stevenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
White American ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Preliminary Support

The ability to infer others' thoughts, intentions, and feelings is regarded as uniquely human. Over the last few decades, this remarkable ability has captivated the attention of philosophers, primatologists, clinical and developmental psychologists, anthropologists, social psychologists, and cognitive neuroscientists. Most would agree that the capacity to reason about others' mental states is innately prepared, essential for successful human social interaction. Whether this ability is culturally tuned, however, remains entirely uncharted on both the behavioral and neural levels. Here we provide the first behavioral and neural evidence for an intracultural advantage (better performance for same- vs. other-culture) in mental state decoding in a sample of native Japanese and white American participants. We examined the neural correlates of this intracultural advantage using fMRI, revealing greater bilateral posterior superior temporal sulci recruitment during same- versus other-culture mental state decoding in both cultural groups. These findings offer preliminary support for cultural consistency in the neurological architecture subserving high-level mental state reasoning, as well as its differential recruitment based on cultural group membership.

scholarly journals Cross-cultural differences in the neural correlates of specific and general recognition

Cortex ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 250-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura E. Paige ◽  
John C. Ksander ◽  
Hunter A. Johndro ◽  
Angela H. Gutchess
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
General Recognition

The sense of obligation is culturally modulated

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bender
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Cultural Group ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Sense Of Obligation ◽  
Cross Cultural Studies

Abstract Tomasello argues in the target article that, in generalizing the concrete obligations originating from interdependent collaboration to one's entire cultural group, humans become “ultra-cooperators.” But are all human populations cooperative in similar ways? Based on cross-cultural studies and my own fieldwork in Polynesia, I argue that cooperation varies along several dimensions, and that the underlying sense of obligation is culturally modulated.

Cognitive gadgets: A provocative but flawed manifesto

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Del Giudice
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Evolutionary Approach ◽  
Genetic Inheritance ◽  
Double Standards ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Cherry Picking ◽  
Dichotomous Thinking

Abstract The argument against innatism at the heart of Cognitive Gadgets is provocative but premature, and is vitiated by dichotomous thinking, interpretive double standards, and evidence cherry-picking. I illustrate my criticism by addressing the heritability of imitation and mindreading, the relevance of twin studies, and the meaning of cross-cultural differences in theory of mind development. Reaching an integrative understanding of genetic inheritance, plasticity, and learning is a formidable task that demands a more nuanced evolutionary approach.

Sociocultural memory development research drives new directions in gadgetry science

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Van Bergen ◽  
John Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Memory Development ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

Abstract Sociocultural developmental psychology can drive new directions in gadgetry science. We use autobiographical memory, a compound capacity incorporating episodic memory, as a case study. Autobiographical memory emerges late in development, supported by interactions with parents. Intervention research highlights the causal influence of these interactions, whereas cross-cultural research demonstrates culturally determined diversity. Different patterns of inheritance are discussed.

Successful Implicit Vocabulary Intervention for Three Cantonese-Speaking Toddlers: A Replicated Single-Case Design

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 4148-4161
Author(s):  
Christine S.-Y. Ng ◽  
Stephanie F. Stokes ◽  
Mary Alt
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Neighborhood Density ◽  
Expressive Vocabulary ◽  
Single Case Design ◽  
Vocabulary Intervention ◽  
Phonological Neighborhood Density ◽  
Phonological Neighborhood ◽  
And Control ◽  
Case Design

Purpose We report on a replicated single-case design study that measured the feasibility of an expressive vocabulary intervention for three Cantonese-speaking toddlers with small expressive lexicons relative to their age. The aim was to assess the cross-cultural and cross-linguistic feasibility of an intervention method developed for English-speaking children. Method A nonconcurrent multiple-baseline design was used with four baseline data points and 16 intervention sessions per participant. The intervention design incorporated implicit learning principles, high treatment dosage, and control of the phonological neighborhood density of the stimuli. The children (24–39 months) attended 7–9 weeks of twice weekly input-based treatment in which no explicit verbal production was required from the child. Each target word was provided as input a minimum of 64 times in at least two intervention sessions. Treatment feasibility was measured by comparison of how many of the target and control words the child produced across the intervention period, and parent-reported expressive vocabulary checklists were completed for comparison of pre- and postintervention child spoken vocabulary size. An omnibus effect size for the treatment effect of the number of target and control words produced across time was calculated using Kendall's Tau. Results There was a significant treatment effect for target words learned in intervention relative to baselines, and all children produced significantly more target than control words across the intervention period. The effect of phonological neighborhood density on expressive word production could not be evaluated because two of the three children learned all target words. Conclusion The results provide cross-cultural evidence of the feasibility of a model of intervention that incorporated a high-dosage, cross-situational statistical learning paradigm to teach spoken word production to children with small expressive lexicons.

Employing Latino Value Orientations to Facilitate Success in Stuttering Treatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Lourdes Ramos-Heinrichs ◽  
Lynn Hansberry Mayo ◽  
Sandra Garzon
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Therapeutic Relationship ◽  
Service Provider ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Collaborative Partnership ◽  
The Family ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
Cultural Connections

Abstract Providing adequate speech therapy services to Latinos who stutter can present challenges that are not obvious to the practicing clinician. This article addresses cultural, religious, and foreign language concerns to the therapeutic relationship between the Latino client and the clinician. Suggestions are made for building cross-cultural connections with clients and incorporating the family into a collaborative partnership with the service provider.

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