Automated Determination of Serum Glutamic Oxalacetic and Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase

1964 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 519-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roscoe R Schaffert ◽  
George R Kingsley ◽  
Gloria Getchell

Abstract The determination of serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase has been simplified by the use of automated analysis. The flow diagrams, concentration of reagents, and calculation of the color unit in terms of the Karmen unit are shown for 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine and 6-benzamido-4-methoxy-m-toluidine diazonium chloride as the reacting dyes. Advantages of both methods are compared and discussed.

1966 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan A Wilcox ◽  
Wallace E Carroll ◽  
Rex E Sterling ◽  
H A Davis ◽  
Arnold G Ware

Abstract A method is presented for the automated determination of urea nitrogen using the Berthelot reaction for measuring the ammonia released by the enzymatic action of urease. The method compares favorably with the automated diacetyl monoxime method and employs less dangerous and less expensive reagents.


1975 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
D L Morris ◽  
J Campbell ◽  
W E Hornby

Triethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate was used to O-alkylate nylon-tube thus producing the imidate salt of the nylon which was further made to react with 1,6-diaminohexane. 2. Hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) were immobilized on the amino-substituted nylon tube through glutaraldeyde and bisimidates. 3. The effect of varying the conditions of O-alkylation and the amount of enzyme immobilized on the activity of nylon tube-hexokinase derivatives was determined. 4. The effect of varying the amount of enzyme immobilized on the activity of nylon-tube-glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase derivatives was determined. 5. The thermal stability of nylon-tube-hexokinase and nylon-tube-glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase derivatives was studied. 6. Different ratios of hexokinase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase were co-immobilized on nylon tube, and the rate of conversion of glucose into 6-phosphogluconolactone was compared with the individual activities of the immobilized enzymes. 7. Hexokinase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase co-immobilized on nylon tube were used in the automated analysis of glucose.


2000 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryousuke Yamamura ◽  
Takahisa Yamane ◽  
Masayuki Hino ◽  
Kensuke Ohta ◽  
Ki-Ryang Koh ◽  
...  

At present, bone marrow analysis is performed microscopically, but is time consuming and labour intensive. No automated methods have been successfully applied to classification of bone marrows cells because automated blood cell analysers have been incapable of identifying erythroblasts. The present study was designed to evaluate automated analysis of bone marrow aspirates with the CELL-DYN 4000 (CD4000) haematology analyser, which enables automated determination of erythroblast counts in both the normal mode (haemolytic time; 11.5s) and the resistant RBC mode (34.0s). The percentages of subpopulations including lymphocytes, neutrophils and erythroblasts were obtained with the CD4000, and as a reference, differential counts by microscopic observation of May–Grünwald–Giesa-stained films of bone marrow aspirates were performed (n=98). Significant correlations (P < 0.01) between the results obtained with the two methods were observed for total nucleated cell count and lymphocytes, neutrophils, erythroblasts and myeloid/erythroid (M/E) ratio. However, there were biases in the average percentages of erythroblasts, lymphocytes and M/E ratio obtained using the normal mode with the CD4000 toward values lower than those obtained with the microscopic method. Using the RBC resistant mode with the CD4000, the average percentages of erythroblasts, lymphocytes and M/E ratio approximated those obtained with the microscopic method. In conclusion, the CD4000 in resistant RBC mode is more useful for analysis of bone marrow aspirates than is the normal mode, because the former better approximates the M/E ratio than the latter.


1972 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Inman ◽  
W. E. Hornby

1. Glucose oxidase (EC 1.1.3.4) and urease (EC 3.5.1.5) were covalently attached through glutaraldehyde to low-molecular-weight nylon powder. 2. Immobilized derivatives of glucose oxidase and urease were prepared by cross-linking the respective enzymes within the matrix of a nylon membrane. 3. An improved process is described for the immobilization of glucose oxidase and urease on the inside surface of partially hydrolysed nylon tube. 4. Automated analytical procedures are described for the determination of glucose with each of the three immobilized glucose oxidase derivatives and for the determination of urea with each of the three immobilized urease derivatives. 5. The efficiencies of the three immobilized enzyme structures as reagents for the automated determination of their substrates were compared.


1980 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 882-888
Author(s):  
D Douglas Fratz

Abstract A previously developed ion chromatographic method for the determination of salts in watersoluble certifiable color additives was automated, using a Model 12 Dionex ion chromatograph equipped with a program controller and programmable computing integrator. Programs were written for the program controller for continuous automated analysis of up to 59 samples in about 20 h, with periodic regeneration of the suppressor column and automatic shut-down. All data were processed through the integrator, programmed to give results in weight/weight percent. Recoveries were performed on 4 anions: chloride, phosphate, bromide, and sulfate. Twenty-five color additives could be analyzed by the method. Standard deviations in the determinations ranged from 0.01 to 0.16 at addition levels of 0.20–9.45; with 6 replications. Recoveries for addition levels of 0.2–5.0; with 2 replications fell within the range of 84.0–105.0;. Approximate lower limits of detection for each anion were as follows: chloride, 0.07;; phosphate, 0.10;; bromide, 0.06;; sulfate, 0.07;.


Author(s):  
P.F. Collins ◽  
W.W. Lawrence ◽  
J.F. Williams

AbstractA procedure for the automated determination of ammonia in tobacco has been developed. Ammonia is extracted from the ground tobacco sample with water and is determined with a Technicon Auto Analyser system which employs separation of the ammonia through volatilization followed by colourimetry using the phenate-hypochlorite reaction. The procedure has been applied to a variety of tobaccos containing from 0.02 to 0.5 % ammonia with an overall relative standard deviation of 2 %. The accuracy of the procedure as judged by recovery tests and by comparison to a manual distillation method is considered adequate


1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 515-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Farese ◽  
Janice L Schmidt ◽  
Milton Mager

Abstract A completely automated analysis is described for the determination of serum calcium with glyoxal bis (2-hydroxyanil) solution (GBHA). The method is simple and precise, and the data obtained are in good agreement with results obtained by the manual GBHA procedure.


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