Effect of biosal®, deltamethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin on the activity of GOT, GPT and total protein contents in two fodder pests Hermolaus modestus and Hermolaus ocimumi

The assessment of the comparative effect of biosal (phytopesticide), deltamethrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin (pyrethroids) were made against two fodder pests, Hermolaus modestus and Hermolaus ocimumi by filter paper impregnation method. The activity of total protein contents, GPT (glutamic-pyruvic transaminase) and GOT (glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase) were affected in Hermolaus modestus and Hermolaus ocimumi against biosal, deltamethrin, and lambda cyhalothrin. The activity of total protein contents in H. modestus was 31.053%, 4.607%, and 24.575%, against biosal, deltamethrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin, respectively. The activity of total protein contents was observed as 24.202%, 15.25%, and 56.036% against deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, and biosal, respectively in H. ocimumi. The activity of GOT was observed as 98.675% for biosal 33.95% for deltamethrin and 83.619% for lambda-cyhalothrin in H. modestus. The GOT activity was estimated in H. ocimumi as 78.831%, 47.645%, and 71.287% against biosal, deltamethrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin, respectively. The efficacy of GPT enzyme against biosal, deltamethrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin was calculated as 89.26%, 73.07%, and 47.58%, respectively in H. modestus. The H. ocimumi showed GPT activity as 77.58% for biosal, 68.84% for deltamethrin, and 52.67% for lambda-cyhalothrin, respectively.

Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of hepatitis B associated membranous nephropathy and idiopathic membranous nephropathy complicated with hepatitis B virus infection

The main objective of this study is to analyze the clinical and pathological features and prognosis of patients with Hepatitis B associated membranous nephropathy (HBV-MN) and idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) complicated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This study will provide more basis for diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. A total of 50 patients with HBV-MN were included in this study. 56 IMN patients complicated with HBV infection diagnosed during the same period formed the control group. Parameters including blood routine, urine routine and plasma levels of albumin (ALB), serum creatinine (SCR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urea acid (UA), total cholesterol (T-CHO), triglycerides (TG), complement C3 and C4, glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (AST), 24-h urinary protein quantification (24 h-TP), renal phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and HBV related markers during the hospitalization and outpatient follow-up study period were collected for all the patients. The proportion of male patients was high in both groups. The average age of the HBV-MN group was 37.2 ± 14.187 years old, it was younger compared with the IMN group (P = 0.003). Nephrotic syndrome was the major clinical manifestation among patients. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the levels of anemia, microscopic hematuria, renal dysfunction, liver dysfunction, liver cirrhosis. The level of serum C3 and C4 in the HBV-MN group was lower compared with the IMN group (P = 0.002, P = 0.014). In the HBV-MN group, serum HBV markers were negative in 6 (12%) patients, 4 patients (8%) were positive for PLA2R in serum, and 5 patients (10%) were positive for PLA2R in renal tissue. Stronger IgG1 and C1q and weaker IgG4 staining were found in HBV-MN group renal tissues (P = 0.003, P = 0.025, and P = 0.001, respectively). There were no statistical differences compared with serum and renal PLA2R between HBV-MN and IMN groups (P = 0.098, P = 0.109). During the 1-year follow-up, there was no significant difference in complete remission rate between the two groups (P = 0.7739). Renal biopsy is crucial to diagnose HBV-MN. IgG subtypes in the HBV-MN group were mainly IgG1 deposition, while those in IMN complicated with HBV infection group were mainly IgG4 deposition. When HBV-associated antigen and PLA2R are present in renal tissue, lower level of serum C3 and C4, high intensity of renal C1q and IgG1 is more supportive of HBV-MN. The positive of PLA2R in serum and renal tissue in differentiating HBV from IMN complicated with HBV infection remains to be discussed.

The Differences in Transaminase Enzyme Levels among Children with Acute Diarrhea due to Rotavirus and Non-rotavirus

BACKGROUND: Diarrhea is the particular disease that still affects children in Indonesia, with rotavirus being the most common etiology among children under 5 years old. Rotavirus and non-rotavirus diarrhea can spread to the extraintestinal and localized to the liver which causes liver cell damage, thus, the level of the glutamic oxaloacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase enzymes increases. AIM: The objective of the study was to prove that there are differences in serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase in children with acute diarrhea due to rotavirus and non-rotavirus infection. METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional design, the research subjects were children aged 6 months old until 60 months old with acute diarrhea in Denpasar Public Health Center, Sanglah, and Wangaya General Hospital within the period of March 2018 until March 2021. Statistical analysis used the Mann–Whitney. RESULTS: A total of 70 subjects were analyzed in this study. There were 24.28% of subjects with rotavirus. Each group had nearly the same degree of severity of 29.4% for rotavirus and 30.2% for non-rotavirus, with a median of serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) 47 (19–261) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) 25 (7–217). The results of this study showed that the median difference in aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels was not significant in rotavirus and non-rotavirus diarrhea (SGOT 45 [16–168], 32 [11–261], p = 0.077; (SGPT 22 [14–91], 18 [5–217], p = 0.12). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that there is a higher median level of SGOT and SGPT in children with acute diarrhea due to rotavirus infection compared to non-rotavirus infection, although it is not statistically significant.

Effect sleep deprivation on some liver enzymes for adults males

The current study was designed for two groups, each group contain (20) nonsmokers healthy persons males, first group was get (more than 7 hours sleep / day) , while the second group did not get enough sleep hours (less than 7 hours sleep / day). The results showed a significant increase in the level of body mass index (BMI) , the activity of glutamic pyruvic transaminase enzyme (GPT), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase enzyme (GOT) and concentration of total serum bilirubin (TSB) at probability level (P≤0.049 , P≤0.047 , P≤0.032 , P≤0.035) Respectively in Persons with second group compared to Persons with first group, as well as the study showed a positive correlation between the studied parameters , with increase of all parameters in the second group with each other as a result of the same reason.

Epidemiological Study of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) With Increased Incidence of Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) Levels at Aura Syifa Hospital Kediri

Dengue fever virus is an infectious disease that can infect others if bitten by Aedes aegypti mosquito. The virus has the potential to attack cells in the hepar organs so that the hepar is inflamed, swollen, and liver function is disrupted, and there is severe bleeding. The increase in transaminase enzymes as well as hepatomegaly is a frequent sign in dbd sufferers, thus reinforcing the notion that the course of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) disease can affect hepar or liver organs. The presence of such events will increase the level of Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) and Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT) in dengue fever patients. The purpose of this study is to find out the epidemiological study of Dengue dengue fever with the increase in SGPT and SGOT levels in dengue fever patients at Aura Syifa Kediri Hospital. This research method uses descriptive research design and total sampling technique for 1 month. Samples obtained for 1 month amounted to 15 samples. The results showed that from a sample of 15 respondents as many as 3 samples (20%) for high SGPT levels above normal and normal results as many as 12 samples (80%). The conclusion of this study shows that the value of SGPT levels has increased by 20% and is still above normal, but still have to be alert to small values.

PENGARUH EKSTRAK ASHITABA TERHADAP KADAR SERUM GLUTAMIC OXALOACETIC TRANSAMINASE DAN SERUM GLUTAMIC PYRUVIC TRANSAMINASE PADA TIKUS DENGAN LUKA BAKAR

Background: Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) are increased in tissue damage. Ashitaba contains many compounds that can reduce serum SGOT and SGPT levels. Objective: This study was proposed to prove that giving Ashitaba extract could reduce serum SGOT and SGPT levels in rats exposed to burn injury. Methods: This study used a posttest only control group design with 20 rats as samples. All research samples were treated with second-degree burns and were divided into 2 different groups, the treatment group (given Ashitaba extract 300 mg /kg BW) and the control group. The blood serum was analyzed for SGOT and SGPT test on the 2nd, 8th, and 14th days. For statistical analysis, the Wilcoxon test used to analyze the levels of serum SGOT and SGPT. Results: There was no significant difference in serum SGOT and SGPT levels between the control and treatment groups on the 2nd, 8th, and 14th days Conclusion: Ashitaba extract could not reduce serum SGOT and SGPT levels in rats exposed to burn injury.

Toxicity Effects of Microplastics Individually and in Combination the Fish Pathogen Yersinia Ruckeri on the Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss)

Exposure to xenobiotics such as Yersinia ruckeri can significantly affect bacterial infections in fish. Microplastics (MPs) may predispose fish to infection and act as carriers in pathogen transmission. Therefore, this study is designed to evaluate MPs' effect on damage caused by exposure to Y. ruckeri in rainbow trout. In this study, blood biochemical parameters and hepatic oxidative biomarkers as clinical signs were measured in the fish co-exposed to Y. ruckeri (5 and 10% LD50) and MPs (500 and 1000 mg Kg-1) for 30 days. There were no significant changes in the creatinine, triglyceride, cholesterol levels, and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity in the blood of fish infected with Y. ruckeri. In contrast, exposure to MPs had a significant effect on most clinical parameters. The total protein, albumin, globulin, total immunoglobulins, High-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, cholesterol levels, and γ-glutamyltransferase activity decreased, whereas glucose, triglyceride, and creatinine levels, and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities increased in the plasma of fish after co-exposure to MPs and Y. ruckeri. Dietary MPs combined with a bacterial challenge decreased catalase activities, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant levels. However, the superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde contents in the hepatocytes increased in the hepatocyte of fish co-exposed to MPs and Y. ruckeri. In conclusion, this study showed that fish exposure to MPs and simultaneous challenge with Y. ruckeri could have a synergistic effect on clinical parameters.

GAMBARAN KADAR SGPT ( SERUM GLUTAMIC PYRUVIC TRANSAMINASE ) PADA PEROKOK AKTIF DI USIA 17 - 25 TAHUN DENGAN LAMA MEROKOK < 10 TAHUN

Data WHO (World Health Organization) Indonesia menduduki peringkat ketiga sebagai negara perokok terbanyak. Rokok adalah hasil olahan tembakau dan dalam sebatang rokok mengandung 4000 bahan kimia yang sangat berbahaya dan tiga kandungan rokok yang paling berbahaya adalah tar, nikotin, dan karbon monoksida. Paparan asap rokok terus menerus menimbulkan berbagai penyakit seperti kerusakan fungsi hati. Hati merupakan organ penting yang berfungsi untuk melakukan proses metabolisme dan detoksifikasi. Kerusakan hati dapat diketahui dengan meningkatnya kadar SGPT dalam aliran darah. SGPT merupakan enzim yang banyak ditemukan pada sel hati serta efektif untuk mendiagnosis destruksi hepatoseluler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar SGPT perokok aktif pada usia 17 - 25 tahun dengan lama merokok <10 tahun. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain penelitian Croos Sectional. Tekhnik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan 11 sampel memiliki kadar SGPT yang normal termasuk perokok ringan – sedang dan 4 sampel yang mengalami peningkatan kadar SGPT yang termasuk kedalam kategori perokok berat. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan gambaran kadar SGPT perokok aktif pada usia 17 – 25 tahun dengan lama merokok <10 tahun bahwa perokok aktif dalam kategori ringan hingga sedang berada dalam batas normal, sedangkan perokok aktif kategori berat mengalami peningkatan kadar SGPT.Kata Kunci : kadar SGPT, perokok aktif, usia 17 – 25 tahun, lama merokok < 10 tahun

Evaluation of Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Artabotrys zeylanicus Stem against Various Hepatotoxins Induced Hepatotoxicity in Albino Wister Rats

The objective of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic stem extract of Artabotrys zeylanicus against paracetamol (PCT), Ethanol (ETN) and Isoniazid and Rifampicin (IR) induced hepatotoxicity in Albino wister rats. Methodology: The material was dried in shade, they were powdered and extracted with ethanol. Preliminary Phytochemical tests were done. The hepatoprotective activity of the ethanol extract was assessed in Albino wister rats. PCT (3 g/kg), ETN (5 gm/kg) and IR (100 mg/kg) has enhanced the levels of various biochemical markers of hepatic damage like Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Trasaminase (SGOT), Serum Glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), Alkaline phosphatise (ALP), bilirubin. Antioxidant levels were tested in all the Hepatotoxins treated and untreated groups. Results: The various biochemical and Histopathological investigations done were Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Trasaminase (SGOT), Serum Glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), Alkaline phosphatise (ALP), Bilirubin, antioxidant activity by 1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), Nitro Blue Tetrazolium (NBT), Hyderogen peroxide (H2O2), lipid perioxidation, hyderoxil radical and nitric oxide. Treatment of ethanolic extract of stem of A. zeylanicus (100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg body weight) has brought back the altered levels of biochemical markers to the near normal levels in the dose dependent manner. Ethanolic extract of A. zeylanicus were observed to inhibit oxidant stress with the maximum value of 71% and 62% at the concentration of 100 µg/mL. The crude ethanolic extract of A. zeylanicus had a calculated IC50 value of 62.2 and 63.25 μg/mL, which is nearly similar to the calculated IC50 value of the known antioxidant, ascorbic acid, ie 65.3 μg/mL. While the rats treated with AZ extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) which were shown as reduction/absence of inflammatory cells, vascular congestion, cellular degeneration, necrosis and vacuoles. In contrast, the lower doses (100 mg/kg) of ethanolic extract of AZ stem shown low protection than at higher dose 400 mg/kg. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that A. zeylanicus ethanol stem extract possessed a potent antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity.

Effect of postmenopausal on some liver biochemical markers in Kirkuk women’s

The menopause correlate with changes in physiological, psychological and biochemical characterized, and also body mass index. The study was analyzed the level of glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity (GPT) , glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity (GOT) , alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and estimation of body mass index (BMI) in postmenopausal women (n=20) (50-70)years old and premenopausal women (n=20) (30-40) years old. In postmenopausal women the activity of glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) , glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity (GOT) , alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and body mass index (BMI) was elevated significantly as compared to premenopausal women (p<0.05) , (P<0.004) , (P<0.002) and (p<0.016) respectably . This study showed with age advances liver become injury and gets abnormal liver functions.