Separation and Identification of Urinary Constituents by Use of Multiple-Analytical Techniques

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
J E Mrochek ◽  
W C Butts ◽  
W T Rainey ◽  
C A Burtis
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Spectral Peaks ◽  
Methylene Unit ◽  
Trimethylsilyl Derivatives

Abstract High-pressure anion-exchange chromatography with gradient elution has been used to resolve ultraviolet-absorbing constituents from normal and pathologic specimens of human urine. We have identified 50 of these constituents by using multiple-analytical techniques. Ultraviolet spectral maxima, gas chromatographic methylene unit (MU) retention values (for trimethylsilyl derivatives), and the major mass spectral peaks are reported for each of the identified compounds.

Gas-Chromatographic Identification of Urinary Carbohydrates Isolated by Anion-Exchange Chromatography

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 722-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
W C Butts ◽  
R L Jolley
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Chromatographic Retention ◽  
Retention Data ◽  
Methylene Unit ◽  
Trimethylsilyl Derivatives ◽  
Chromatographic Peaks ◽  
Anion Exchange Separation

Abstract More than 40 chromatographic peaks representing carbohydrates have been separated from human urine by a carbohydrate analyzer that makes use of anion-exchange chromatography. Ten of these separated carbohydrates have been identified by gas chromatography of their trimethylsilyl derivatives, which were formed by reaction with N-trimethylsilylimidazole. The borate buffer from the anion-exchange separation was removed from the samples before the derivatives were made. Gas-chromatographic retention data have been determined for 37 carbohydrates, including pentoses, hexoses, hexosamines, disaccharides, and trisaccharides, and are tabulated as methylene unit (MU) values. These various classes of carbohydrates elute within distinct MU regions, generally in the order of increasing molecular weight. More than one peak is obtained for those sugars existing in more than one anomeric form.

Fractionation of Human Urine by Gel Chromatography

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
C A Burtis ◽  
Gerald Goldstein ◽  
Charles D Scott
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Gel Chromatography

Abstract High-resolution anion-exchange chromatography of human urine can resolve more than 150 constituents that absorb ultraviolet light. Prefractionation of urine on Sephadex G-10 helped us identify the constituents and simplified the anion-exchange chromatogram. The material associated with the 13 peaks obtained by gel chromatography was pooled and concentrated into six fractions, which were subsequently analyzed by high-resolution anion-exchange chromatography. Each of these fractions contained from 13 to 63 ultraviolet-absorbing constituents.

scholarly journals Interleukin 1 of the central nervous system is produced by ameboid microglia.

1986 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 594-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Giulian ◽  
T J Baker ◽  
L C Shih ◽  
L B Lachman
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Brain Cells ◽  
The Central Nervous System

By screening specific populations of rat brain cells, we found that ameboid microglia secrete an 18 kD peptide with IL-1 biological activity. The IL-1 activity released by microglia was found to be identical to rat macrophage IL-1 on fractionation by gel filtration and high pressure liquid anion-exchange chromatography, and it was neutralized by an antiserum specific for murine IL-1. When added to astroglia grown in culture, microglial IL-1 increased the cell number of five- to sevenfold, and increased astroglial incorporation of [3H]thymidine by three- to fivefold. We propose that the proliferation of astroglia in specific brain regions may be regulated by the signaled release of IL-1 from activated microglial cells.

Ultraviolet-Absorbing Compounds in Urine of Normal Newborns and Young Children

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 702-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel M Vavich ◽  
R Rodney Howell
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Hippuric Acid ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Older Children ◽  
The Subject

Abstract Ultraviolet-absorbing compounds excreted in the urine of normal newborns, infants, and children have been measured by high-pressure anion-exchange chromatography. The chromatograms increased in complexity with increasing age of the subject. Preliminary data indicate that the excretion of pseudouridine and uridine was significantly higher in newborns and infants than in older children and adults. Excretion of hippuric acid was low in the newborn. Excretion of ergothioneine was lower in older children than in newborns, infants, or adults. However, hypoxanthine excretion was constant in all groups.

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