scholarly journals Zinc protoporphyrin as screening test in female blood donors

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 800-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Else J Harthoorn-Lasthuizen ◽  
Jan Lindemans ◽  
Mart M A C Langenhuijsen
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Zinc Protoporphyrin ◽  
Ferritin Concentration ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Serum Ferritin Concentration ◽  
Low Serum

Abstract Erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) was measured in 102 women blood donors to evaluate its usefulness in screening for evolving iron deficiency anemia, a reason for the deferral of donors. The results were compared with serum ferritin determinations. Five women were deferred before their first donation and eight women were deferred after one or two donations. Women with increased ZPP values all had low serum ferritin concentrations, indicating iron-deficient erythropoiesis that was caused by iron depletion. The positive predictive value of an increased ZPP in predicting deferral of the donor after one or two donations was 75%, whereas a serum ferritin concentration ≤12 μg/L predicted deferral in 26% of the donors. The results indicate that the ZPP test can be recommended as a feasible and inexpensive predonation test to determine a subset of donors with iron-deficient erythropoiesis at risk of developing iron deficiency anemia.

The diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia in sickle cell disease

Blood ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 963-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Vichinsky ◽  
K Kleman ◽  
S Embury ◽  
B Lubin
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Zinc Protoporphyrin ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Iron Deficient

Abstract We determined the prevalence and optimal methods for laboratory diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia in patients with sickle cell disease. Laboratory investigations of 38 nontransfused and 32 transfused patients included transferrin saturation, serum ferritin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP). Response to iron supplementation confirmed the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia in 16% of the nontransfused patients. None of the transfused patients were iron deficient. All iron-deficient patients (mean age 2.4 yr) had a low MCV, serum ferritin less than 25 ng/ml, transferrin saturation less than 15%, and FEP less than 90 micrograms/dl RBC. Following therapy, all parameters improved and the hemoglobin concentration increased greater than 2 g/dl. A serum ferritin below 25 ng/ml was the most reliable screening test for iron deficiency. There were 13% false positive results with transferrin saturation, 3% with MCV, and 62% with FEP. FEP values correlated strongly with reticulocyte counts. The high FEP was in part due to protoporphyrin IX and not completely due to zinc protoporphyrin, which is elevated in iron deficiency. We conclude that iron deficiency anemia is a potential problem in young nontransfused sickle cell patients. Serum ferritin below 25 ng/ml and low MCV are the most useful screening tests.

scholarly journals The diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia in sickle cell disease

Blood ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 963-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Vichinsky ◽  
K Kleman ◽  
S Embury ◽  
B Lubin
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Zinc Protoporphyrin ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Iron Deficient

We determined the prevalence and optimal methods for laboratory diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia in patients with sickle cell disease. Laboratory investigations of 38 nontransfused and 32 transfused patients included transferrin saturation, serum ferritin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP). Response to iron supplementation confirmed the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia in 16% of the nontransfused patients. None of the transfused patients were iron deficient. All iron-deficient patients (mean age 2.4 yr) had a low MCV, serum ferritin less than 25 ng/ml, transferrin saturation less than 15%, and FEP less than 90 micrograms/dl RBC. Following therapy, all parameters improved and the hemoglobin concentration increased greater than 2 g/dl. A serum ferritin below 25 ng/ml was the most reliable screening test for iron deficiency. There were 13% false positive results with transferrin saturation, 3% with MCV, and 62% with FEP. FEP values correlated strongly with reticulocyte counts. The high FEP was in part due to protoporphyrin IX and not completely due to zinc protoporphyrin, which is elevated in iron deficiency. We conclude that iron deficiency anemia is a potential problem in young nontransfused sickle cell patients. Serum ferritin below 25 ng/ml and low MCV are the most useful screening tests.

scholarly journals Effect of Maternal Iron Deficiency Anemia on the Iron Store of Newborns in Ethiopia

Anemia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betelihem Terefe ◽  
Asaye Birhanu ◽  
Paulos Nigussie ◽  
Aster Tsegaye
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Store ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Iron Deficient

Iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women is a widespread problem in developing countries including Ethiopia, though its influence on neonatal iron status was inconsistently reported in literature. This cross-sectional study was conducted to compare hematologic profiles and iron status of newborns from mothers with different anemia status and determine correlation between maternal and neonatal hematologic profiles and iron status in Ethiopian context. We included 89 mothers and their respective newborns and performed complete blood count and assessed serum ferritin and C-reactive protein levels from blood samples collected from study participants. Maternal median hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels were 12.2 g/dL and 47.0 ng/mL, respectively. The median hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels for the newborns were 16.2 g/dL and 187.6 ng/mL, respectively. The mothers were classified into two groups based on hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels as iron deficient anemic (IDA) and nonanemic (NA) and newborns of IDA mothers had significantly lower levels of serum ferritin (P=0.017) and hemoglobin concentration (P=0.024). Besides, newborns’ ferritin and hemoglobin levels showed significant correlation with maternal hemoglobin (P=0.018;P=0.039) and ferritin (P=0.000;P=0.008) levels. We concluded that maternal IDA may have an effect on the iron stores of newborns.

scholarly journals Effect of Maintenance Intravenous Iron Treatment on Erythropoietin Dose in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205435812093339
Author(s):  
Paweena Susantitaphong ◽  
Monchai Siribumrungwong ◽  
Kullaya Takkavatakarn ◽  
Kamonrat Chongthanakorn ◽  
Songkiat Lieusuwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Functional Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iv Iron ◽  
Low Serum

Background: There is no consensus on intravenous (IV) iron supplement dose, schedule, and serum ferritin target in functional iron deficiency anemia to maintain optimum target levels of iron stores by several guidelines. Objective: To examine the effect of IV iron supplementation to different targets of serum ferritin on erythropoietin dose and inflammatory markers in chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients with functional iron deficiency anemia. Design: A multicenter, randomized, open-label study. Setting: In a developing country, Thailand. Patients: Chronic HD patients with functional iron deficiency anemia. Measurements: Erythropoietin resistance index, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and fibroblast growth factor 23. Methods: Two hundred adult chronic HD patients with transferrin saturation less than 30% and serum ferritin of 200 to 400 ng/mL were randomized 1:1 to maintain serum ferritin 200 to 400 ng/mL (low-serum ferritin group, N = 100) or 600 to 700 ng/mL (high-serum ferritin group, N = 100). During a 6-week titration period, participants randomized to the high-serum ferritin group initially received 600 mg IV iron (100 mg every week), while the participants in the low-serum ferritin group did not receive IV iron. During the 6-month follow-up period, the dose of IV iron was adjusted by protocol. Results: The mean dose of IV iron was 108.3 ± 28.2 mg/month in the low-serum ferritin group and 192.3 ± 36.2 mg/month in the high-serum ferritin group. The mean serum ferritin was 367.0 ± 224.9 ng/mL in the low ferritin group and 619.6 ± 265.2 ng/mL in the high ferritin group. The erythropoietin resistance index was significantly decreased in the high-serum ferritin group compared to the low-serum ferritin group after receiving IV iron in the 6-week titration period (mean difference: −113.43 ± 189.14 vs 41.08 ± 207.38 unit/week/g/dL; P < .001) and 3-month follow-up period (mean differences: −88.88 ± 234.43 vs −10.48 ± 217.75 unit/week/g/dL; P = .02). Limitations: Short follow-up period. Conclusion: Maintaining a serum ferritin level of 600 to 700 ng/mL by IV iron administration of approximately 200 mg per month as a maintenance protocol can decrease erythropoietin dose requirements in chronic HD patients with functional iron deficiency anemia. Trials registration: The study was registered with the Thai Clinical Trials Registry TCTR20180903003.

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in the Alaska Native Population and Association with Low Serum Ferritin Levels in Young Adults

2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 885-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan J. Parkinson ◽  
Benjamin D. Gold ◽  
Lisa Bulkow ◽  
Robert B. Wainwright ◽  
Balasubra Swaminathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Alaska Native ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Native Population ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Low Serum

ABSTRACT Iron deficiency anemia is a common public health problem in the Alaska Native population. Yet, a clear etiology has eluded researchers for decades. Previous studies suggested a link betweenHelicobacter pylori infection, gastrointestinal blood loss due to hemorrhagic gastritis, and generalized iron deficiency anemia in adult Alaska Natives. Therefore, we examined the association between the prevalence of H. pylori-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and serum ferritin levels, a marker of iron deficiency. A random sample of 2,080 serum samples from Alaska Native residents drawn between 1980 and 1986 from residents in 13 regions was selected, and the samples were stratified by age, sex, and region. Overall, 75% were positive for H. pylori-specific IgG. The rate of H. pylori seropositivity increased with age; by age 14 years, 78% of the residents were positive. There were no gender differences inH. pylori seropositivity. However, marked regional differences were observed. Serum ferritin levels of <12 ng/ml were found most commonly among persons <20 years of age and among women of childbearing age. A significant association between low serum ferritin levels and prevalence of H. pylori-specific IgG was found, particularly for people aged less than 20 years. H. pylorimay be a factor contributing to the iron deficiency anemia in the Alaska Native population.

scholarly journals Relationship of Iron Deficiency Anemia with Simple Febrile Seizure in Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Sharmistha Ghosal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Febrile Seizure ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rbc Indices ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Low Serum

Background and objective: Febrile Seizure (FS) is the commonest seizure disorder among under 5 children. Iron deficiency is a documented risk factor of FS and as the data about the relationship of iron deficiency with FS among Bangladeshi children is scanty, this study was undertaken to assess the association of Serum Ferritin to simple FS.Materials and Methods: This case control study was conducted at the department of pediatrics of SSMC & Mitford Hospital during 7th May 2011 to 6th January 2012 on consecutive 120 children aged between five months to six years who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were considered as cases. Similar number of age and sex matched children admitted with fever without seizures were taken as controls. All candidates were gone through CBC with RBC indices and serum ferritin and iron deficiency anemia was diagnosed on the basis of mentioned tests.Results: The results showed that majority of the cases were male (66.7%) and most of them were between 13-24 months of age (51.7%). Mean duration of convulsion was less than 5 minutes in 70% of the cases. Level of Hb was low in both the cases and controls but the other RBC indices for anemia like MCV, MCH, MCHC and serum ferritin were significantly lower among the febrile seizures group in comparison to controls. The chi-square test is indicated as a significant difference between two groups and odds ratio is 6.0 which signifies that febrile seizure group were 6.0 times more likely to develop iron deficiency anemia compared to control group.Conclusion: The findings suggest that children with febrile seizure have association with iron deficiency anemia (which is evident by microcytic hypochromic anemia and low serum ferritin level) .This means low serum ferritin and presence of anemia can serve as a risk factor for febrile seizure in children.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2017; 35(2): 75-79

Serum Ferritin and Anemia in Trained Female Athletes

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Ashenden ◽  
David T. Martin ◽  
Geoffrey P. Dobson ◽  
Colin Mackintosh ◽  
Allan G. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Ferritin Concentration

The aim of this study was to establish whether extremely low serum ferritin values in female athletes were associated with indications of iron deficiency anemia and whether serum ferritin values were influenced by the type of training or participants' body size. Hematological data collected during 6 years at the Australian Institute of Sport were reviewed to quantify changes in serum ferritin concentration associated with training and to establish whether decrements in serum ferritin were associated with any change in hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, or mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. Mean serum ferritin concentrations of 7.5 μg ⋅ L−1 were not associated with any indication of iron-deficiency anemia. Serum ferritin declined by approximately 25% with the onset of rigorous daily training (p <.01) whether training was predominantly weight-bearing or non-weight-bearing. Rowers had significantly higher ferritin concentrations than basketball players of similar stature (p = .02). We conclude that considerable background information such as the stage of training, specific sport, and previous blood results should be sought when interpreting serum ferritin concentrations in female athletes.

scholarly journals Ferritin in Serum: Diagnosis of Iron Deficiency and Iron Overload in Infants and Children

Blood ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martti A. Siimes ◽  
Joseph E. Addiego ◽  
Peter R. Dallman
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Ferritin Concentration ◽  
Iron Stores ◽  
Serum Ferritin Concentration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
In Infants And Children

Abstract Ferritin in serum was quantitated by radioimmunoassay to determine the usefulness of this assay in reflecting iron stores during normal development and in the diagnosis of iron deficiency and iron overload in infants and children. In the adult, serum ferritin has been reported to correspond to the magnitude of iron stores throughout a wide range. In 573 normal infants and children, we found the concentration of serum ferritin to parallel known changes in iron stores during development. The median serum ferritin concentration was 101 ng/ml at birth, rose to 356 ng/ml at 1 mo of age, and then fell rapidly to a median value near 30 ng/ml (95% confidence limits: 7-142 ng/ml) between 6 mo and 15 yr of age. In the adult, median concentrations diverged according to sex, 39 ng/ml in the female and 140 ng/ml in the male. In 13 children with iron-deficiency anemia, the serum ferritin concentration was 9 ng/ml or less. Overlap with the normal population was small, and no conditions were found to give "false" low values. In children with β-thalassemia major and sickle cell anemia, median values were elevated to 850 and 160 ng/ml, respectively. Possibly misleading, elevated values were obtained in some patients with acute infection and in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The serum ferritin assay promises to be a useful tool in the evaluation of iron status, particularly in children.

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