Abstract
Background
Eosinophilic Myocarditis (EM) is a rare but potentially fatal form of myocardial inflammation, characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the myocardium. Due to its rare occurrence, there has been no descriptive study of EM on the population level.
Purpose
Our study aims to use a large national database to describe the prevalence, associated clinical conditions and hospital outcomes of EM.
Methods
We analyzed the 2016 National Inpatient Sample Database (NIS) for all hospitalizations with a diagnosis of EM. Prevalence and baseline characteristics of EM were described and compared with non-EM admissions, as well as associated clinical conditions.
Results
In 2016, there were 170 admissions with a diagnosis of EM. Among those, White represented the major ethnic group, followed by African American, Asian/Pacific Islander/Native American, and Hispanic (Fig. 1). There was no significant gender predisposition to EM, but EM patients presented at an older age compared with the general population. The prevalence of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Myeloproliferative disorders, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Heart Failure, Arrhythmia, Heart Transplant, Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis, Eosinophilia was significantly higher in EM patients. Also, EM patients had higher mortality. (Table 1)
Table 1. A comparison of EM and Non-EM EM (n=170) Non-EM (n=35,675,421) P-value Demographic Age, years 61.53±2.93 49.00±0.19 P=0.007 Female, % 50.00±7.80 56.72±0.10 P=0.38 Clinical Conditions Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, % 2.94±2.74 0.50±0.01 P=0.03 Myeloproliferative Disorder, % 8.82±4.33 0.52±0.01 P<0.001 Acute Coronary Syndrome, % 20.59±6.07 6.55±0.06 P<0.001 Heart Failure, % 61.76±9.42 13.29±0.10 P<0.001 Arrhythmia, % 14.71±7.25 2.44±0.03 P<0.001 Heart Transplant, % 2.94±2.84 0.06±0.005 P<0.001 EGPA, % 2.94±2.92 0.00±0.00 P<0.001 Eosinophilia, % 5.88±3.95 0.07±0.002 P<0.001 Outcome Mortality, % 8.82±4.83 1.91±0.02 P=0.003 Data is presented in the format of the mean ± standard error.
Figure 1. Racial distribution of EM patients
Conclusion(s)
Eosinophilic Myocarditis is rare, and it's associated with autoimmune diseases, cardiac complications, and worse hospital outcomes.
Eosinophilic myocarditis mimicking acute coronary syndrome secondary to idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome: a case report
