scholarly journals Healthy life expectancy by frailty state in Europe from 2004 to 2015: findings from SHARE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Riis Nielsen ◽  
Linda Juel Ahrenfeldt ◽  
Bernard Jeune ◽  
Kaare Christensen ◽  
Rune Lindahl-Jacobsen
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Remaining Life ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Remaining Life Expectancy ◽  
Sullivan Method ◽  
Share Information

Abstract Background As populations age, the possible consequences of increased frailty are a major concern for the health sector. Here, we investigate how life expectancy with and without frailty has changed during a 10–11-year-period across Europe. Methods The Sullivan method was used to investigate changes in life expectancy with and without frailty in 10 European countries. Frailty status (non-frail, pre-frail and frail) was determined by use of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe Frailty Instrument (SHARE-FI). Data on frailty prevalence was obtained from 21 698 individuals in wave 1 (2004–05) and 38 859 individuals in wave 6 (2015) of the SHARE. Information on mortality was obtained from the Eurostat Database. Results In 2015, women aged 70 spent 25.0% (95% CI: 24.0–26.1) of their remaining life expectancy in a frail state, and the number for men was 11.5% (95% CI: 10.7–12.3). Southern Europeans spent 24.2% (95% CI: 22.9–25.4) of their remaining life expectancy in a frail state and the numbers for Central Europeans and Northern Europeans were 17.0% (95% CI: 16.0–17.9) and 12.2% (95% CI: 10.9–13.5), respectively. From 2004–05 to 2015, life expectancy increased by 1.1 years (from 15.3 to 16.4 years) for 70-year-old Europeans. Similarly, non-frail life expectancy increased by 1.1 years (95% CI: 0.8–1.4), whereas no significant changes in life expectancy in frail states were observed. Conclusions This study suggests that Europeans today spend more years in a non-frail state than Europeans did 10–11 years ago. Our findings reflect a considerable inequality by gender and region.

scholarly journals Healthy life expectancy in Brazil: applying the Sullivan method

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. S7-S18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia Elena Romero ◽  
Iúri da Costa Leite ◽  
Célia Landmann Szwarcwald
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Good Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
World Health Survey ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Sullivan Method

The objective of this study is to present the method proposed by Sullivan and to estimate the healthy life expectancy using different measures of state of health, based on information from the World Health Survey carried out in Brazil in 2003. By combining information on mortality and morbidity into a unique indicator, simple to calculate and easy to interpret, the Sullivan method is currently the one most commonly used for estimating healthy life expectancy. The results show higher number of healthy years lost if there is a long-term disease or disability that limits daily activities, regardless of the difficulty in performing such activities or the severity of the functional limitations. The two measures of healthy life expectancy adjusted by the severity of functional limitation show results very similar to estimates based on the perception of state of health, especially in advanced age. It was also observed, for all measures used, that the proportion of healthy years lost increases significantly with age and that, although females have higher life expectancy than males, they live proportionally less years in good health.

scholarly journals Health Status of Old Age Population in Bulgaria

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Mariana Mourgova
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Healthy Life Years ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Different Levels

This article examines the health status of the population in Bulgaria at age 65 by gender during the period 2006-2014. The health status is examined by some of the most frequently used demographic indicators, namely life expectancy, based on mortality data and healthy life years and healthy life expectancy, based on mortality, life expectancy and self-perceived health. The main results show that despite of the observed increase in life expectancy at age 65 in Bulgaria during the period it is the lowest compared to other European countries. The share for both men and women reported their health status as without limitations in respect to daily activities decline, while those reported their health status as good increase. These contradictory facts reflect on the measures of health status. Thus, the trend in healthy life years for both sexes decline over the period, whereas the trend in healthy life expectancy increases. Compared with the other European countries, the expected number of years without limitations in Bulgaria is among the largest, while the healthy life expectancy is the lowest. These differences could be explained by the different levels in mortality and the nature of the measures of health status themselves.

scholarly journals Health Status of Old Age Population in Bulgaria

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Mariana Mourgova
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Healthy Life Years ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Different Levels

This article examines the health status of the population in Bulgaria at age 65 by gender during the period 2006-2014. The health status is examined by some of the most frequently used demographic indicators, namely life expectancy, based on mortality data and healthy life years and healthy life expectancy, based on mortality, life expectancy and self-perceived health. The main results show that despite of the observed increase in life expectancy at age 65 in Bulgaria during the period it is the lowest compared to other European countries. The share for both men and women reported their health status as without limitations in respect to daily activities decline, while those reported their health status as good increase. These contradictory facts reflect on the measures of health status. Thus, the trend in healthy life years for both sexes decline over the period, whereas the trend in healthy life expectancy increases. Compared with the other European countries, the expected number of years without limitations in Bulgaria is among the largest, while the healthy life expectancy is the lowest. These differences could be explained by the different levels in mortality and the nature of the measures of health status themselves.

scholarly journals Trends of Healthy Life Expectancy of the Elderly in China in 1994–2015: Revisiting From the Perspective of Morbidity Transition

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Junhan Dong ◽  
Chenyuan Zhao ◽  
Qiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Disability Free Life Expectancy ◽  
Sullivan Method

Research on healthy life expectancy (HLE) in China has been fueled by a spate of new data sources and studies, yet no consensus is reached on the pattern of HLE changes and the underlying mechanism. This study examined the change of HLE in China over 20 years with long term national data. Health status, measured by activities of daily living, is combined with mortality to calculate the disability-free life expectancy by the Sullivan method. The results show that the HLE rose slower than life expectancy (LE) in 1994–2004, indicating morbidity expansion. However, in 2010–2015, the proportion of HLE to LE increased, manifesting morbidity compression. A counterfactual analysis further shows that health improvement has been increasingly important in increasing HLE in 2010–2015, despite the dominance of mortality decline. The findings suggest that morbidity can transition between compression, expansion and dynamic equilibrium over a long period due to different combinations of mortality and health improvements. Given the limited data in this study, whether and how morbidity transitions unfold in the future remains open and requires further research.

scholarly journals Healthy Life Expectancies by the Effects of Hypertension and Diabetes for the Middle Aged and Over in Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Chun Liang ◽  
Wei-Chung Hsu ◽  
Yao-Te Tsai ◽  
Shao-Jen Weng ◽  
Ho-Pang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Remaining Life ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Control Behavior

(1) Introduction: This study aims to investigate the disparity in the healthy life expectancy of the elderly with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. (2) Materials and Methods: This study used survey data collected in five waves (1996, 1999, 2003, 2007, and 2011) of the “Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging” (TLSA) to estimate the life expectancy and healthy life expectancy of different age groups. The activities of daily living, the health condition of hypertension and diabetes and the survival statuses of these cases were analyzed by the IMaCh (Interpolated Markov Chain) and logistic regression model. (3) Results: As regards the elderly between age 50 and 60 with hypertension and diabetes, women with hypertension only exhibited the longest life expectancy, and the healthy life expectancy and the percentage of remaining life with no functional incapacity were 33.74 years and 87.11%, respectively. In contrast, men with diabetes only showed the shortest life expectancy, and the healthy life expectancy and the percentage of remaining life with no functional incapacity were 22.51 years and 93.16%, respectively. We also found that people with diabetes showed a lower percentage of remaining life with no functional incapacity. (4) Conclusions: We suggest that policymakers should pay special attention to publicizing the importance of health control behavior in order to decrease the risk of suffering diseases and to improve the elderly’s quality of life.

scholarly journals Healthy life expectancy vs health expenditure by sullivan method in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hakeem Omar ◽  
Nurin Haniah Asmuni ◽  
Sharifah Nazatul Shima
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Malaysian Population ◽  
United State ◽  
Disability Free Life Expectancy ◽  
Sullivan Method

<span lang="EN-MY">The improvement of mortality rates in many countries over the world has a major impact on cost associated with living longer due to mortality and morbidity risk. In particular, the trend in life expectancy of Malaysian population has steadily increased for many years where in 2017, Malaysian are expected to live up to 74.8 years compared to 74.3 years in 2011. Life expectancy can be defined as the average period of a person may expect to live, while the definition of disability-free life expectancy is the average number of years a person is expected to live without health disability.  If a person takes a good care and services through the advancement of medical technology, it may expend the period of life expectancy for a person. Thus, longevity may have a positive relationship with health expenditure. United State for instance spends more on health across years, however United State becomes the outlier as compared to other countries with higher percentage of increase in life expectancy per dollar spent on health expenditure. Disability or disability-free life expectancy can rise at certain degree among Malaysian. The general public do not know whether longevity will expose a person to a greater period spend in disability state or not. Therefore, this paper presents healthy life expectancy vs. health expenditure by Sullivan method in Malaysia to provide further understanding of morbidity rate for Malaysian population due to longevity. This paper calculates the disability-free life expectancy for Malaysian population which then will be used in country comparison. Relationship between disability-free life expectancy and health expenditure will be studied. Sullivan method will be applied in the calculation by using a period life table based on age and gender groups.</span>

scholarly journals Multi-State Analysis of the Impact of Childhood Starvation on the Healthy Life Expectancy of the Elderly in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
huiling dong ◽  
Bingyi Wu ◽  
Qunhong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Remaining Life ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Child malnutrition is not only common in developing countries, but also an important issue faced by developed countries. This study aimed to explore the influence and degree of childhood starvation on the health of the elderly population, which providing a reference for formulating health-related policies under the concept of full-life cycle health. Methods: Based on CLHLS longitudinal data in 2008, 2011 and 2014, this paper took a total of 13,185 elderly people aged 65-99 years as the target population. By IMaCH software, with age, gender, and income level as the control variables, and the healthy life expectancy of the elderly in China was measured. The[test was used to explore the differences in socio-economic status of elderly people with or without starvation in childhood. The paired t test was used to analyze the difference both of healthy life expectancy and healthy life expectancy proportion accounted for remaining life. Results: (1) Transition probabilities in health-disability, health-death and disability-death(P<0.05) all showed an upward trend with age, where the elderly who experienced starvation in childhood were higher than those without such an experience. However, the probability of disability-health recovery showed a downward trend with age, whereas the elderly who experienced starvation in childhood were lower than those without starvation(P<0.05).(2) For the elderly who experienced starvation in childhood, the health indicators of the average life expectancy, healthy life expectancy, and healthy life expectancy proportion accounted for the remaining life were lower than those of the elderly without childhood starvation (P<0.05).Conclusions: The negative impact of childhood starvation on health through the life course till old age, has a persistent negative cumulative effect on the quantity and quality of life for the elderly population; Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the nutritional status of children in poor families from the perspective of social policy-making.

Healthy life expectancy and the correlates of self-rated health in an ageing population in Rajshahi district of Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 1075-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
MD. ISMAIL TAREQUE ◽  
TOWFIQUA MAHFUZA ISLAM ◽  
KAZUO KAWAHARA ◽  
MAKIKO SUGAWA ◽  
YASUHIKO SAITO
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Older People ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Remaining Life ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Health Decline

ABSTRACTAgeing is going to be a major problem in Bangladesh given its population size, scarce resources, existing poverty, insufficient health facilities and lack of a social security system. This paper examines how many years older people expect to be in good health, and what are the correlates of self-rated health (SRH). The data used in this study come from 896 older people aged 60 years and above from Rajshahi district in Bangladesh and from United Nations’ projected population figures. Results show that individuals at age 60 expected about 41 per cent of their remaining life to be in good health, while individuals at age 80 expected only 21 per cent of their remaining life to be in good health. Having exercised during the six months prior to the survey was the single most important correlate of SRH (odds ratio=5.49; confidence interval 4.03–7.47; without any adjustment). While rural–urban differentials and some health decline in old age are inevitable, four factors (exercise behaviour, sufficiency of income, physical limitations and facing abusive behaviour) are to a certain extent modifiable and therefore provide the potential for improving SRH and healthy life expectancy in Rajshahi district, Bangladesh.

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