scholarly journals Income-related inequalities in mental health in Sweden and the role of social determinants

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Fritzell ◽  
H Källberg ◽  
H Busch ◽  
P Gustafsson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Income Inequalities ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Abstract Background Mental health is an increasing concern in all European countries as the burden of mental disorders continue to grow and cause substantial suffering and costs to societies. Furthermore, research shows there are social inequalities in the distribution of mental illness. This study aims to increase knowledge on income-related inequalities in mental health in Sweden and the role of social determinants. Methods Drawing on a national survey (Health on Equal Terms) representative of the population aged 16-84, years 2010-2015 (n = 57107) we quantify the income-related inequality in mental health and estimate the contribution of social determinants of the inequality. Poor mental health is defined as a value of at least 3, based on the general health questionnaire (GHQ)-12. Income is measured as yearly disposable income. Income related inequalities in mental health are quantified by the concentration index and decomposed using the Wagstaff-type decomposition analysis. Results Preliminary results show that the income inequalities in mental health, as measured by the overall concentration index in mental health was - 0,16 (95% CI -0.17 to -0.15), indicating income inequalities to the disadvantage of those less affluent. The determinants that contributed most to the inequalities were employment, financial strain and experiencing harassment. Together they explained 43 % of the income inequalities in mental health. Generally, socio-economic factors had highest importance for the inequalities found, while demographic factors and psychosocial factors were of smaller importance. Conclusions The income related inequalities in mental health are substantial in Sweden. Recently, a national target of reducing the preventable inequalities in health within a generation was adopted. To improve surveillance of inequalities and inform policy we need to closely follow the development of inequalities in mental health and to disentangle the contribution of specific social determinants. Key messages Income-related inequalities in mental health in Sweden are considerable. Socio-economic factors had highest importance for the inequalities found, while demographic factors and psychosocial factors were of smaller importance.

Technology and culture

2011 ◽  
pp. 273-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alev M. Efendioglu ◽  
Vincent F. Yip
Keyword(s):  
Local Environment ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Technology And Culture ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The number of Internet users around the world has been steadily growing and this growth has provided the impetus and the opportunities for global and regional e-commerce. However, as with the Internet, different characteristics (infrastructure and socio-economic) of the local environment have created a significant level of variation in the acceptance and growth of e-commerce in different regions of the world. Our research focuses on the impact of these infrastructure and socio-economic factors on e-commerce development in China and the findings provide insights into the role of culture in e-commerce, and the factors that may impact a broader acceptance and development of e-commerce in China. In this chapter, we present and discuss our findings, and propose some strategies for success for e-commerce in China.

scholarly journals A theory of public wellbeing

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Policy Agenda ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
Policy Proposals

Abstract Background Wellbeing is seen as a matter of concern for governments and public policy. However, current theories on wellbeing are not well placed to inform this concern, because they fail to take account of and explain evidence on social determinants of mental health. Discussion This article proposes a new theory of public wellbeing which does takes account of such evidence, by explaining the role of stress within three basic functions of social cognition. Building on this description, the article then proposes that wellbeing consists in seven basic abilities, which are always developed and exercised (or not) through constant processes of interaction between individual and environment. The article explains why contemporary theories on wellbeing are poorly placed to inform public policy for wellbeing. It also positions the proposed theory in relation to evidence on social determinants of health (SDH) and the associated public policy agenda. It is argued the proposed theory of wellbeing extends on and challenges the SDH policy agenda in relation to the normative target of policy proposals, factors identified as determinants, impacts of determinants on populations, and proposals for political and social change. Conclusion Improved theory on public wellbeing can inform policy for wellbeing because it explains the contingent nature of wellbeing within contemporary social environments, and extends understanding of social determinants of wellbeing.

Inequalities in common mental disorders between advantaged and disadvantaged groups: an Oaxaca – Blinder decomposition analysis on socio-economic factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-332
Author(s):  
Yousef Veisani ◽  
Shahab Rezaeian ◽  
Fathola Mohamadian ◽  
Ali Delpisheh
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Disadvantaged Groups ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate the socio-economic factors of inequalities in common mental disorders (MDs) between advantaged and disadvantaged groups and also to determine the main contributors of inequality. Design/methodology/approach This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016–2017. The authors included 763 persons by stratified cluster sampling; clusters were cities, geographical area and households. Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition technique was used to estimate of main inequalities determinant between advantaged and disadvantaged groups. Findings Overall prevalence of MDs was 22.6 and 35.6% in the advantage and disadvantaged groups, respectively. The concentration index was −0.013 [95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): −0.022, −0.004]; therefore, MDs were more concentrated in the deprived group. The risk of MDs in deprived group and females was 81 and 60% higher than advantaged group (OR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.28, 2.57) and males (OR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.21, 2.24), respectively. Educational status [−0.06 (95% CI: −0.10, −0.01)] was the highest level of contribution in inequality in gaps between groups. Originality/value The socio-demographic inequality in MDs among adult population was more explained by lower educational level, married persons and unemployment variables.

scholarly journals Variations between world regions in individual health: a multilevel analysis of the role of socio-economic factors

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margot I. Witvliet ◽  
Anton E. Kunst ◽  
Karien Stronks ◽  
Onyebuchi A. Arah
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Analysis ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Individual Health ◽  
World Regions ◽  
Socio Economic Factors
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