A Genetic Map of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) With Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism, Isozyme, Disease Resistance and Morphological Markers

Genetics ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-337
Author(s):  
Benoit S Landry ◽  
Rick V Kesseli ◽  
Barry Farrara ◽  
Richard W Michelmore
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Downy Mildew Resistance ◽  
Morphological Markers ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

ABSTRACT A detailed linkage map of lettuce was constructed using 53 genetic markers including 41 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) loci, five downy mildew resistance genes, four isozyme loci and three morphological markers. The genetic markers were distributed into nine linkage groups and cover 404 cM which may be 25-30% of the lettuce genome. The majority (31 of 34) of the RFLP probes detected single segregating loci, although seven of these may have been homologous to further monomorphic loci. When several loci were detected by a single probe, the loci were generally linked, suggesting tandem duplications. One probe, however, detected loci in three linkage groups suggesting translocations. The five downy mildew resistance genes (Dm1, Dm3, Dm4, Dm5/8 and Dm13), segregating in the Calmar × Kordaat cross, represented each of the four resistance gene linkage groups. Dm5/8 is flanked by two cDNA loci, each located 10 cM away. These flanking markers will be used to study the source of variation in downy mildew genes and are also part our strategy to clone resistance genes.

A genetic map of common bean to localize specific resistance genes against anthracnose

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 915-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Françoise Adam-Blondon ◽  
Mireille Sevignac ◽  
Michel Dron ◽  
Hubert Bannerot
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Map ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Morphological Markers ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

A bean genetic map was developed to locate resistance genes against anthracnose and genes involved in plant defense mechanisms. One hundred and fifty-seven markers (51 restriction fragment length polymorphism, 100 random amplified polymorphic DNA, 2 sequence characterized amplified regions, and 4 morphological markers) were used to construct a genetic map covering 567.5 cM of the bean genome. Morphological markers consisted in two resistance genes towards anthracnose (Are and RVI), a dominant gene for nuclear male sterility (Ms8) and a pod-shape character (SGou). This map was established by using a backcross population (BC1) of 128 individuals, derived from a cross between two European bean genotypes: Ms8EO2 and Corel. Nine percent of the markers showed segregation distortions and mapped to three regions. Clusters of 2–10 markers were observed in every linkage group. The possible origin of these clusters is discussed. Nineteen markers shared with a previously published bean linkage map allowed us to establish a preliminary correspondence between the two maps. Finally, seven genes involved in plant defense mechanisms were located on this map.Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris L., random amplified polymorphic DNA, restriction fragment length polymorphism, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, male sterility.

Applications of genetic markers in cytogenetic manipulation of the wheat genomes

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Gale ◽  
P. J. Sharp ◽  
S. Chao ◽  
C. N. Law
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Large Genome ◽  
Large Genome Size ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

A molecular map of wheat, Triticum aestivum, is being developed. Problems associated with the large genome size, the large number of linkage groups, polyploidy, and limited polymorphism at the DNA level are being overcome. In addition to the breeding applications expected from the map, various uses for restriction fragment length polymorphism markers as tools in cytogenetic manipulation of wheat chromosomes and those from related species are being found. These include identification of aneuploid genotypes, added precision in intervarietal chromosome manipulations, tests of chromosome stability, identification of alien chromosomes, and marker-aided introgression of genes of agronomic importance from related species.Key words: wheat, restriction fragment length polymorphism, genetic maps, aneuploidy, alien chromosomes.

scholarly journals Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of genes of virulent strain isolate of Toxoplasma gondii using enzyme DdeI

2021 ◽  
pp. 196-203
Author(s):  
Fitrine Ekawasti ◽  
Umi Cahyaningsih ◽  
N. L. P. Indi Dharmayanti ◽  
Siti Sa'diah ◽  
Didik Tulus Subekti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Restriction Enzyme ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Background and Aim: Toxoplasma gondii is a unicellular coccidian parasite distributed globally and is an important zoonotic pathogen. Approximately 30% of the human population worldwide is chronically infected with T. gondii. The pathogenicity of this species depends on the type originating from the clonal population. Techniques for more accurately determining the type of T. gondii have recently been developed using genetic markers. Specifically, T. gondii has been typed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). This study aimed to identify sets of PCR-RFLP markers that have high power to discriminate genotyping of T. gondii and are easy to use and are easy to use. The objective of this study was to characterize virulent strain isolates of T. gondii by PCR-RFLP using 10 markers with DdeI. Materials and Methods: T. gondii tachyzoites (RH virulent strain) were derived from culture cells at the Indonesian Research Center for Veterinary Sciences. Genotyping was performed on T. gondii DNA extracted from cell cultured tachyzoites using 10 genetic markers of PCR-RFLP, namely, B1#1, B1#2, B1#3, SAG1#1, SAG1#2, P30, BAG1, ROP1, GRA1, and GRA7, with digestion using the restriction enzyme DdeI. Results: The 10 genes were amplified by PCR. Among them, three genetic markers, B1#3, ROP1, and GRA1, were genotyped by the PCR-RFLP using restriction enzyme DdeI. Overall, the findings showed that the specific RFLP profile of digestion of gene regions by DdeI could be used as a specific marker for the virulent biotype causative of toxoplasmosis. In addition, virulent strains of T. gondii can be easily detected by these markers. Conclusion: Three pairs of primers (B1#3, ROP1, and GRA1) with DdeI have proven useful for the diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis (virulent strain biotype I). This proposed method is relatively simple, rapid, cheap, and can be performed in most laboratories, providing a practical approach for the routine analysis of T. gondii strains.

An integrated restriction fragment length polymorphism - amplified fragment length polymorphism linkage map for cultivated sunflower

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melaku Ayele Gedil ◽  
Crispin Wye ◽  
Simon Berry ◽  
Bart Segers ◽  
Johan Peleman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) maps have been constructed for cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) using three independent sets of RFLP probes. The aim of this research was to integrate RFLP markers from two sets with RFLP markers for resistance gene candidate (RGC) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Genomic DNA samples of HA370 and HA372, the parents of the F2 population used to build the map, were screened for AFLPs using 42 primer combinations and RFLPs using 136 cDNA probes (RFLP analyses were performed on DNA digested with EcoRI, HindIII, EcoRV, or DraI). The AFLP primers produced 446 polymorphic and 1101 monomorphic bands between HA370 and HA372. The integrated map was built by genotyping 296 AFLP and 104 RFLP markers on 180 HA370 × HA372 F2 progeny (the AFLP marker assays were performed using 18 primer combinations). The HA370 × HA372 map comprised 17 linkage groups, presumably corresponding to the 17 haploid chromosomes of sunflower, had a mean density of 3.3 cM, and was 1326 cM long. Six RGC RFLP loci were polymorphic and mapped to three linkage groups (LG8, LG13, and LG15). AFLP markers were densely clustered on several linkage groups, and presumably reside in centromeric regions where recombination is reduced and the ratio of genetic to physical distance is low. Strategies for targeting markers to euchromatic DNA need to be tested in sunflower. The HA370 × HA372 map integrated 14 of 17 linkage groups from two independent RFLP maps. Three linkage groups were devoid of RFLP markers from one of the two maps.Key words: amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), Helianthus, sunflower, genetic map.

Restriction fragment length polymorphism mapping in conifers and applications to forest genetics and tree improvement

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 545-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Neale ◽  
Claire G. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
High Density ◽  
Forest Genetics ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

It is now technically possible to construct high-density restriction fragment length polymorphism maps for almost any conifer. Hundreds of new genetic markers will become available for forest genetics research and tree-improvement applications. Having a large number of genetic markers will improve efficiency in studies in which isozymes or other markers have traditionally been applied (e.g., genetic variation in populations, paternity analysis, varietal identification, and seed-orchard efficiency). High-density restriction fragment length polymorphism maps may make it possible to (i) identify quantitative trait loci and (ii) practice marker-assisted selection in conifer breeding.

Addition of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Markers to the Genetic Linkage Map of Brassica rapa L. (syn. campestris)

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 882-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jogeswar Panigrahi ◽  
Anjana Patnaik ◽  
Phullara Kole ◽  
Chitta ranjan Kole
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Marker Interval ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Genetic linkage analysis of 151 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) loci, that included eight new loci, detected by the six probes in the present study, and four trait loci including seed colour, leaf pubescence, resistance to white rust caused by Albugo candida race-2 (AC-2) and race-7 (AC-7) employing the MAPMAKER/EXP 3.0 programme led to the development of 10 linkage groups (LGs) spanning over 44.4 centiMorgan (cM) to 130.4 cM containing 9 to 22 loci and two short LGs with two or three marker loci in Brassica rapa. The enriched map covers 993.1 cM of B. rapa genome with an average marker interval of 6.41. Eight new RFLP loci occupied new map positions on five linkage groups, LG 2, 3, 6, 8 and 9. Addition of these RFLP loci led to appreciable changes in the corresponding linkage groups and resulted in an increase of the total map length by 102.8 cM and of the marker interval by 0.35 cM. Interval mapping by using the computer programme MAPMAKER/ QTL 1.1 for scanning the genetic map led to the detection of one major quantitative trait locus (QTL) in LG 4 and one minor QTL in LG 8 governing resistance to AC-7. Both QTLs contributed 7.89 to the interaction phenotype (IP) score with 96.3% genetic variation. The multi-locus model suggested additive gene action with 96.8% genetic variation.

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