scholarly journals Genetics of male sterility in gynodioecious Plantago coronopus. II. Nuclear genetic variation.

Genetics ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 1759-1775 ◽  
Author(s):  
H P Koelewijn ◽  
J M Van Damme
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Restorer Gene ◽  
Consistent Difference ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Restorer Genes ◽  
Cytoplasmic Type ◽  
Plantago Coronopus

Abstract Inheritance of male sterility was studied in the gynodioecious species Plantago coronopus using five plants and their descendants from an area of approximately 50 m2 from each of four locations. In each location, crosses between these five plants yielded the entire array of possible sex phenotypes. Both nuclear and cytoplasmic genes were involved. Emphasis is placed on the nuclear (restorer) genetics of two cytoplasmic types. For both types, multiple interacting nuclear genes were demonstrated. These genes carried either dominant or recessive restorer alleles. The exact number of genes involved could not be determined, because different genetic models could be proposed for each location and no common genetic solution could be given. At least five genes, three with dominant and two with recessive restorer allele action, were involved with both cytoplasmic types. Segregation patterns of partially male sterile plants suggested that they are due to incomplete dominance at restorer loci. Restorer genes interact in different ways. In most instances models with independent restorer gene action were sufficient to explain the crossing results. However, for one case we propose a model with epistatic restorer gene action. There was a consistent difference in the segregation of male sterility between plants from the two cytoplasmic types. Hermaphrodites of cytoplasmic type 2 hardly segregated male steriles, in contrast to plants with cytoplasmic type 1.

scholarly journals Genetics of male sterility in gynodioecious Plantago coronopus. I. Cytoplasmic variation.

Genetics ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 1749-1758 ◽  
Author(s):  
H P Koelewijn ◽  
J M Van Damme
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Type A ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inheritance ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Reciprocal Differences ◽  
Cytoplasmic Type ◽  
Cytoplasmic Variation ◽  
Plantago Coronopus

Abstract Inheritance of male sterility was studied in the gynodioecious species Plantago coronopus using five plants and their descendants from an area of approximately 50 m2 in each of six locations. The crosses were planned to test for cytoplasmic inheritance of male sterility. In four locations significant differences between reciprocal crosses were observed. The progenies of these reciprocal crosses were used in a crossing scheme designed to test whether these reciprocal differences were caused by different cytoplasmic types between the plants. In all four locations, the existence of at least two cytoplasmic types could be shown. Moreover, the results of the crosses between locations showed that the same two cytoplasmic types were present in all four locations. We therefore argue that there is only limited cytoplasmic variation in P. coronopus. In each cytoplasmic type a series of intermediate sex forms occurred. A marked difference in restoration level existed between the two cytoplasmic types. Plants with cytoplasmic type 2 hardly segregated male steriles, in contrast to plants with cytoplasmic type 1.

scholarly journals INHERITANCE OF FERTILITY RESTORATION INVOLVING WILD ABORTIVE CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY SYSTEM IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
M. J. Hasan ◽  
M. U. Kulsum ◽  
A. Ansari ◽  
A. K. Paul ◽  
P. L. Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Male Sterile Line

Inheritance of fertility restoration was studied in crosses involving ten elite restorer lines of rice viz. BR6839-41-5-1R, BR7013-62-1-1R, BR7011-37-1-2R, BR10R, BR11R, BR12R, BR13R, BR14R, BR15R and BR16R and one male sterile line Jin23A with WA sources of cytoplasmic male sterility. The segregation pattern for pollen fertility of F2 and BC1 populations of crosses involving Jin23A indicated the presence of two independent dominant fertility restoring genes. The mode of action of the two genes varied in different crosses revealing three types of interaction, i.e. epistasis with dominant gene action, epistasis with recessive gene action, and epistasis with incomplete dominance.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v24i1.16997

Male sterility in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Coss). IV. Genetics of MS-4

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surinder S. Banga ◽  
K. S. Labana
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Genetic Constitution ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Fertility Restorer ◽  
Male Sterile Plant ◽  
Restorer Genes ◽  
Fertility Restorer Genes

Male sterile plants of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Coss.) were observed in the F2 generation of the cross RLM-198 × EJ-33. The genetic analysis revealed that male sterility occurred when the cytoplasm of RLM-198 interacted with recessive nuclear genes of EJ-33. The genetic constitution of RLM-198 was postulated to be (S) RF RF, EJ-33 as (F) rf rf, and the male sterile plants as (S) rf rf. Varieties of Indian mustard from India mostly contained dominant fertility restorer genes, while European varieties had a greater frequency of the recessive maintainer genes. None of these varieties, however, was capable of complete maintenance of male sterility. Heterosis for yield up to 56% over the national check was observed in field trials. The use of this cytoplasmic male sterile plant in hybrid mustard production will not be economical, until a complete maintainer for male sterility is identified.Key words: Brassica juncea, Indian mustard, male sterility, hybrids.

scholarly journals CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY IN BARLEY. XI. THE msm2 CYTOPLASM

Genetics ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-295
Author(s):  
H Ahokas
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Restorer Gene ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Partial Restoration ◽  
Restoration Ability ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT A new cytoplasmic male sterility in barley (Hordeum vulgare s.l.) is described and designated as msm2. The cytoplasm was derived from a selection of the wild progenitor of barley (H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum). This selection, 79BS14-3, originates from the Southern Coastal Plain of Israel. The selection 79BS14-3 has a normal spike fertility in Finland. When 79BS14-3 was crossed by cv. Adorra, the F1 displayed partial male fertility and progeny of recurrent backcrosses with cv. Adorra were completely male sterile. Evidently 79BS14-3 is a carrier of a recessive or semidominant restorer gene of fertility. The dominant restorer gene Rfm1a for another cytoplasmic male sterility, msm1, is also effective in msm2 cytoplasm. The different partial fertility restoration properties of msm2 and msm1 cause these cytoplasms to be regarded as being distinct. Seventy spontaneum accessions from Israel have been studied for their capacity to produce F1 restoration of male fertility both in msm1 and in msm2 cytoplasms with a cv. Adorra-like seed parent (nuclear gene) background. The msm2 cytoplasm shows partial restoration more commonly than msm1 in these F1 combinations. The mean restoration percentage per accession for msm2 is 28, and for msm1 4. Most of the F1 seed set differences of the two cytoplasms are statistically significant. When estimated with partially restored F1 combinations, msm2 cytoplasm appeared to be about 50 times more sensitive to the male fertility-promoting genes present in the spontaneum accessions. The spontaneum sample from Central and Western Negev, which has been found to be devoid of restoration ability in msm1 cytoplasm, had only low partial restoration ability in msm2 (mean 0.3%). The female fertility of msm2 appears normal. The new msm2 cytoplasm could be useful in producing hybrid barley.

Genetic Resources for Fertility Restoration Lines and Maintainers of Capsicum annuum L.

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-115
Author(s):  
Maneechat Nikornpun ◽  
Danai Boonyakiat
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Restorer Genes ◽  
Male Sterile Cytoplasm ◽  
The Government

Male fertility reactions of one hundred and forty-one accessions of chilies were classified. Three groups were found. Some accessions maintained male sterility and were determined to carry a non-sterile cytoplasm and to lack fertility restoration genes or N rfrf genotype. Some accessions segregated for the ability to restore male sterile cytoplasm and were determined to be heterozygous in restorer genes with genotype N/SRfrf. Some accessions restored fertility of CMS and had the genotype N/SRfRf. A few maintainers with good horticultural characteristics were selected. They were selfed and selected for a few generations and then their progeny were evaluated. There were differences in the genetic stability of cytoplasmic male-sterility among the selected lines. Some lines were good maintainers, but a few lines were discarded. The stable maintainers were distributed to 10 seed companies and the government of China. Some F1 hybrid chilies produced using these lines have been commercially sold both in China and Thailand. Fruit physio-chemical qualities of maintainer accessions, restorers and heterozygous accessions were also recorded. The level of capsaicin of the accessions varied from 3,250 to 8,850 Scoville units. The level of vitamin C showed a range of 4.43 to 103.16 mg./100g.fw. Horticultural characteristics of the accessions were recorded and the fruit physio-chemical qualities of the accessions were reported.

Male sterility in field beans (Vicia faba L.). III. Male sterility with a cytoplasmic type of inheritance

1966 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Bond ◽  
J. L. Fyfe ◽  
Gillian Toynbee-Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Self Fertilization ◽  
Natural Crossing ◽  
Cytoplasmic Type ◽  
Field Beans

1. Male-sterile plants were discovered in the progeny of an open-pollinated plant which had undergone a much higher level of natural crossing than any of a group of fifty plants drawn from the same population.2. Some male-sterile plants produced a few viable pollen grains under some conditions but these rarely permitted self-fertilization. A few plants had both sterile and fertile tillers. Male sterility was not transferred by grafting. No effect on the proportion of fertile plants could be found, when progenies were observed early and late in the season, sown in the autumn and spring or grown at contrasting plant densities.3. Inbred lines, unrelated to the male-sterile plants and their derivatives, varied greatly in their ability to restore male fertility. Some lines maintained the sterility almost completely, two consistently gave all male-fertile offspring, but the majority were partial restorers.

Inheritance of male fertility restoration and allelism of restorer genes for the Polima cytoplasmic male sterility system in oilseed rape

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1044-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Fang ◽  
P. B. E. McVetty
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Restorer Gene ◽  
Fertility Restorer ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Restorer Genes ◽  
Segregation Ratios ◽  
Male Fertility Restoration

The inheritance of male fertility restoration for the pol cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) system in summer rape (Brassica napus L.) was determined. Male fertility:sterility segregation ratios observed in F2 and backcross generations derived from crosses and backcrosses between two pol CMS A lines and the male fertility restorer gene(s) sources Italy and UM2353 were used in this study. Italy and UM2353 were found to possess a single Mendelian dominant gene with high male fertility restoration capabilities for the pol CMS system. Tests for allelism of the restorer genes were also conducted using male fertility:sterility segregation ratios observed in F3 families derived from crosses between F1 plants containing genes for male fertility restoration from the Italy and UM2353 restorer gene sources. The male fertility restorer gene from Italy (designated Rfp1) was found to be different (i.e., nonallelic) from the restorer gene possessed by UM2353 (designated Rfp2).Key words: Brassica napus L., oilseed rape, male fertility restoration, pol cytoplasmic male sterility.

scholarly journals Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Interactions for Petaloid Male-sterile Accessions of Wild Carrot (Daucus carota L.)

1998 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 849-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Wolyn ◽  
A. Chahal
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Genetic Analyses ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Restorer Genes ◽  
Wild Carrot ◽  
Different Sources

Male-sterile carrot plants with petaloid-stamens were discovered in wild populations in the vicinity of Guelph, Ontario, Canada and inheritance of phenotype was assessed. Genetic analyses were also conducted to identify nuclear restorer genes of petaloid cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) from wild carrot, and determine if Guelph, Cornell and Wisconsin cytoplasmic male-sterile accessions interacted similarly with alleles of restorer genes from different sources. Petaloid male-sterility was inherited cytoplasmically for the new Guelph accessions, and nuclear genotypes which normally produce `green' or `white' petaloid-stamens in combination with the Cornell cytoplasm also produced corresponding phenotypes when backcrossed to Guelph cytoplasmic accessions. Two duplicate restorer genes were identified from wild carrot. Dominant alleles of single restorer genes from three sources, one from wild carrot and two from cultivated germplasm, restored stamen production to Guelph, Cornell and Wisconsin petaloid cytoplasmic accessions, suggesting that the cytoplasms were genetically identical.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Male Sterility in Japanese Apricot (Prunus mume)

HortScience ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 1422-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Yaegaki ◽  
M. Miyake ◽  
T. Haji ◽  
M. Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Prunus Mume ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Japanese Apricot ◽  
Inheritance Patterns ◽  
Cytoplasmic Type

Pollen fertility and inheritance patterns of male sterility were analyzed in various cultivars and selections of Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.). Male sterility segregated differently in two types of crosses. In pairings of male-sterile and male-fertile parents, progenies were either all male-fertile, all male-sterile, or mixed. Crossing two male-fertile plants resulted in offspring that were either all male-fertile or mixed. Male sterility in Japanese apricot appears to be of the gene-cytoplasmic type. The genotypes of 10 cultivars and three selections are determined.

Molecular studies of cytoplasmic male sterility in maize

1988 ◽  
Vol 319 (1193) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Bacterial Respiration ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Restorer Genes ◽  
Respiration Of Mitochondria

A few extra genes that are not found in the mitochondria of other organisms are encoded by plant mitochondrial genomes. Current evidence suggests that the cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) trait of maize is due to mitochondrial gene mutations. In the sterile maize (CMS-T) a unique mitochondrial gene, designated urf /13-T, appears to cause CMS and susceptibility to the fungal pathogen Helminthosporium maydis race T, and its pathotoxin, T-toxin. The urf 13-T gene encodes a 13 kDa polypeptide that is located in the mitochondrial membrane. In CMS-T two nuclear restorer genes, Rf 1 and Rf 2, countermand the CMS trait and restore viable pollen production. The Rf 1 locus appears to contribute to pollen restoration by reducing the expression of the 13 kDa protein. The function of the Rf 2 gene is unknown. T-toxin and the insecticide methomyl inhibit respiration of mitochondria from CMS-T but not from other maize cytoplasms. When the urf 13-T gene is transformed into E. coli cells and expressed, bacterial respiration is inhibited by both T-toxin and methomyl. Respiration is not inhibited by these compounds in the absence of the 13 kDa protein or with a truncated version of the protein. These studies indicate that the 13 kDa protein is responsible for conferring sensitivity to T-toxin and methomyl. The male-sterile cytoplasm, CMS-C, contains mutations of the mitochondrial genes atp 9, atp 6 and cox II. These mutations have resulted from rearrangements involving portions of mitochondrial genes and chloroplast DNA. One of these gene mutations may be responsible for CMS; however, we currently have no evidence confirming this possibility. Nevertheless, it is clear that different factors cause male sterility in CMS-T and CMS-C because the urf 13-T gene is only found in CMS-T.

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