FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE POLICY: WORK IN PROGRESS

Abstract Family and medical leave policy in the United States is often noted for its lack of wage compensation, but is also distinctive in its gender neutrality and its broad coverage of several types of leave (combining pregnancy leave with medical, parental, and caregiving leave). This article argues that the distinctive design of leave policy in the United States is explained by its origins in contestation over the civil rights policy regime that emerged in the 1960s. In the early 1970s, women's movement advocates creatively and strategically formulated demands for maternity leave provision that fit an interpretation of this new policy regime's antidiscrimination logic. Because of this decision to advance an antidiscrimination claim, advocates became committed to pursuing a leave guarantee on gender-neutral grounds, which in turn enabled the broad-coverage leave design. This case study suggests that scholars of social policy and American political development should pay greater attention to the impact of civil rights on social policy. This article also contributes to the study of policy development by providing an example of how political actors cross boundaries between policy domains during the policy making process and by presenting a reconceptualization of “policy regimes.”

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FMLA: Department of Labor Overstepped Authority

The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics ◽

10.1017/s1073110500008792 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 462-465

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Private Sector ◽

World Wide ◽

Medical Leave ◽

Department Of Labor ◽

Health Care Context ◽

The Family ◽

Leave Of Absence ◽

Leave Policy ◽

The U.S

In Ragsdale v. Wolverine World-Wide the U.S. Supreme Court held that the U.S. Department of Labor overstepped its authority by requiring employers to formally indicate when they are counting an employee's leave of absence against that employee's entitlement under the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA). Ragsdale addressed the administrative burdens of notice present in situations where employers offer a more generous leave policy than the statutory minimums offered by the FMLA. In so doing, the court sought to answer the question of how to reconcile the promotion of generous leave policies in the private sector with simultaneous protection of the relatively new FMLA rights entitlement. The court's 5—4 decision highlights sharp judicial disagreement about how to best achieve this balance. Determining whether employers should provide formal notice that an employee's absence is FMLA-related also illustrates how a traditional-separation-of-powersa nalysis in the health-care context is increasingly complicated by administrative regulations.

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Construction and Validation of the Quality of Maternity Leave Scales (QMLS)

Journal of Career Assessment ◽

10.1177/1069072719865163 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 337-359

Author(s):

Haley M. Sterling ◽

Blake A. Allan

Keyword(s):

Maternity Leave ◽

The United States ◽

Decent Work ◽

Subjective Experiences ◽

Medical Leave ◽

The Family ◽

Leave Policy ◽

Working Adult ◽

Maternity Leave Policy

Maternity leave is not federally guaranteed or paid in the United States. Although there has been an increase of women in the workforce, federal maternity leave policy has not changed since the adoption of the Family and Medical Leave Act in 1993. The subjective quality of this maternity leave is likely an important component of what mothers perceive to be decent work. However, no scholars have developed measurements examining mothers’ subjective experiences of the quality of their maternity leave. Therefore, the goal of the current research was to develop scales measuring six domains of quality of maternity leave: time off, flexibility, coworker support, discrimination, microaggressions, and benefits (e.g., pay, health care, disability insurance). In two studies with diverse samples of working, adult mothers, we provide evidence for the factor structure, validity, and internal consistency of the Quality of Maternity Leave Scales.

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Medical Specialty Board Parental, Caregiver, and Medical Leave Policy Updates After 2021 American Board of Medical Specialties Mandate

JAMA ◽

10.1001/jama.2021.15871 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 326 (18) ◽

pp. 1867

Author(s):

Kirti Magudia ◽

Shauna R. Campbell ◽

Erika L. Rangel ◽

Elizabeth Kagan Arleo ◽

Reshma Jagsi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Specialty ◽

Medical Specialties ◽

Medical Leave ◽

Specialty Board ◽

Leave Policy

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Meridional Circulation, Turbulence, and Diffusion Processes in Stars

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100080477 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 109-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Vauclair

Keyword(s):

Convection Zone ◽

Diffusion Processes ◽

Meridional Circulation ◽

Diffusion Time ◽

Work In Progress ◽

First Results ◽

Stellar Envelopes ◽

And Diffusion ◽

Turbulence And Diffusion ◽

Hr Diagram

This paper gives the first results of a work in progress, in collaboration with G. Michaud and G. Vauclair. It is a first attempt to compute the effects of meridional circulation and turbulence on diffusion processes in stellar envelopes. Computations have been made for a 2 Mʘstar, which lies in the Am - δ Scuti region of the HR diagram.Let us recall that in Am stars diffusion cannot occur between the two outer convection zones, contrary to what was assumed by Watson (1970, 1971) and Smith (1971), since they are linked by overshooting (Latour, 1972; Toomre et al., 1975). But diffusion may occur at the bottom of the second convection zone. According to Vauclair et al. (1974), the second convection zone, due to He II ionization, disappears after a time equal to the helium diffusion time, and then diffusion may happen at the bottom of the first convection zone, so that the arguments by Watson and Smith are preserved.

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