scholarly journals MoMAR-D: a technological challenge to monitor the dynamics of the Lucky Strike vent ecosystem

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 416-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Colaço ◽  
J. Blandin ◽  
M. Cannat ◽  
T. Carval ◽  
V. Chavagnac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Satellite Communication ◽  
Ecosystem Dynamics ◽  
Lucky Strike ◽  
Volcanic Events ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge ◽  
Technological Challenge ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Colaço, A., Blandin, J., Cannat, M., Carval, T., Chavagnac, V., Connelly, D., Fabian, M., Ghiron, S., Goslin, J., Miranda, J. M., Reverdin, G., Sarrazin, J., Waldmann, C., and Sarradin, M. 2011. MoMAR-D: a technological challenge to monitor the dynamics of the Lucky Strike vent ecosystem. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 416–424. The MoMAR (monitoring the Mid-Atlantic Ridge) project was initiated in 1998 by the InterRidge programme to promote and coordinate long-term multidisciplinary monitoring of hydrothermal vents at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR). The major objective of the project is to study vent ecosystem dynamics using a multidisciplinary approach from geophysics to microbiology over a period of a few decades. MoMAR-D is a demonstration project of MoMAR, partially funded by the European network of excellence ESONET (http://www.esonet-noe.org/). MoMAR-D aims to deploy and manage a multidisciplinary observing system at the Lucky Strike vent field for 1 year. This large hydrothermal field is located at the centre of one of the most volcanically active segments of the MAR. The project has been set up to monitor this region to capture evidence of volcanic events, observe interactions between faulting, magmatism, and hydrothermal circulations, and to evaluate the potential impacts of these environmental factors on the unusual communities colonizing hydrothermal vents. The MoMAR-D infrastructure consists of two sea monitoring nodes (SEAMON) acoustically linked to a surface buoy with satellite communication to a land-based station. The first node will be mainly dedicated to geophysical studies, whereas the second will focus on ecological studies and chemical fluxes. The infrastructure should have been deployed in September 2010 during the MoMARSAT cruise.

Hydrothermal vents near a mantle hot spot: the Lucky Strike vent field at 37°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

1997 ◽  
Vol 148 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Langmuir ◽  
S. Humphris ◽  
D. Fornari ◽  
C. Van Dover ◽  
K. Von Damm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Lucky Strike ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge

scholarly journals Influence of chemosynthetic substrates availability on symbiont densities, carbon assimilation and transfer in the dual symbiotic vent mussel <I>Bathymodiolus azoricus</I>

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 2279-2304 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Riou ◽  
S. Halary ◽  
S. Duperron ◽  
S. Bouillon ◽  
M. Elskens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Level ◽  
Substrate Concentrations

Abstract. High densities of mussels of the genus Bathymodiolus are present at hydrothermal vents of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. It was already proposed that the chemistry at vent sites would affect their sulphide- and methane-oxidizing endosymbionts' abundance. In this study, we confirmed the latter assumption using fluorescence in situ hybridization on Bathymodiolus azoricus specimens maintained in a controlled laboratory environment at atmospheric pressure with one, both or none of the chemical substrates. A high level of symbiosis plasticity was observed, methane-oxidizers occupying between 4 and 39% of total bacterial area and both symbionts developing accordingly to the presence or absence of their substrates. Using H13CO3− in the presence of sulphide, 13CH4 or 13CH3OH, we monitored carbon assimilation by the endosymbionts and its translocation to symbiont-free mussel tissues. Although no significant carbon assimilation could be evidenced with methanol, carbon was incorporated from methane and sulphide-oxidized inorganic carbon at rates 3 to 10 times slower in the host muscle tissue than in the symbiont-containing gill tissue. Both symbionts thus contribute actively to B. azoricus nutrition and adapt to the availability of their substrates. Further experiments with varying substrate concentrations using the same set-up should provide useful tools to study and even model the effects of changes in hydrothermal fluids on B. azoricus' chemosynthetic nutrition.

scholarly journals Influence of CH<sub>4</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>S availability on symbiont distribution, carbon assimilation and transfer in the dual symbiotic vent mussel <i>Bathymodiolus azoricus</i>

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1681-1691 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Riou ◽  
S. Halary ◽  
S. Duperron ◽  
S. Bouillon ◽  
M. Elskens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Level ◽  
Substrate Concentrations

Abstract. High densities of mussels of the genus Bathymodiolus are present at hydrothermal vents of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. It was previously proposed that the chemistry at vent sites would affect their sulphide- and methane-oxidizing endosymbionts' abundance. In this study, we confirmed the latter assumption using fluorescence in situ hybridization on Bathymodiolus azoricus specimens maintained in a controlled laboratory environment at atmospheric pressure with one, both or none of the chemical substrates. A high level of symbiosis plasticity was observed, methane-oxidizers occupying between 4 and 39% of total bacterial area and both symbionts developing according to the presence or absence of their substrates. Using H13CO3− in the presence of sulphide, or 13CH4, we monitored carbon assimilation by the endosymbionts and its translocation to symbiont-free mussel tissues. Carbon was incorporated from methane and sulphide-oxidized inorganic carbon at rates 3 to 10 times slower in the host muscle tissue than in the symbiont-containing gill tissue. Both symbionts thus contribute actively to B. azoricus nutrition and adapt to the availability of their substrates. Further experiments with varying substrate concentrations using the same set-up should provide useful tools to study and even model the effects of changes in hydrothermal fluids on B. azoricus' chemosynthetic nutrition.

Tanaidacean (Crustacea: Peracarida) fauna from chemically reduced habitats—the lucky strike hydrothermal vent system, mid-atlantic ridge

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1187 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
KIM LARSEN ◽  
MAGDALENA BŁAÓEWICZ-PASZKOWYCZ ◽  
MARINA R. CUNHA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Lucky Strike ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge

The tanaidacean fauna from the hydrothermal vents in the Lucky Strike Field on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is examined. The material reveals species belonging to the genera Agathotanais, Apseudes, Leviapseudes, Sphyrapus, Armaturatanais, Leptognathiella, Mesotanais, Pseudotanais and Typhlotanais. One new typhlotanaid genus, Obesutanais, and five new species, Armaturatanais atlanticus, Obesutanais sigridae, Mesotanais styxis, Leptognathiella fragilis, and Typhlotanais incognitus, are described.

Mercury concentrations in invertebrates from Mid-Atlantic Ridge hydrothermal vent fields

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 913-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Martins ◽  
V. Costa ◽  
F. Porteiro ◽  
A. Cravo ◽  
R.S. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Methyl Mercury ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Lucky Strike ◽  
Rimicaris Exoculata ◽  
Coastal Species ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge ◽  
Total Hg ◽  
Menez Gwen

Mercury determinations were carried out in mussels (Bathymodiolus azoricus) from three Mid-Atlantic Ridge hydrothermal vents (Lucky Strike, Menez Gwen and Rainbow) and shrimps (Rimicaris exoculata and Mirocaris fortunata) from Rainbow. Among the three hydrothermal vents, mussels of Menez Gwen show the highest levels of total Hg and comparing mussels and shrimps from Rainbow the former show more Hg than shrimps. Mussels from different hydrothermal vents are exposed to different kinds of environment which may result in distinct bioaccumulation processes. Detoxification processes in shrimps are related to the low concentrations found. When compared with coastal species from unpolluted sites, mussels show higher concentrations of total Hg and shrimps lower levels. The methyl-mercury concentrations found were very low, not exceeding the detection limit of the technique.

scholarly journals Recent volcanic events and the distribution of hydrothermal venting at the Lucky Strike hydrothermal field, Mid-Atlantic Ridge

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ondréas ◽  
M. Cannat ◽  
Y. Fouquet ◽  
A. Normand ◽  
P. M. Sarradin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Field ◽  
Lucky Strike ◽  
Volcanic Events ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge ◽  
Hydrothermal Venting

Evidence of a sexual pause in Bathymodiolus azoricus (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) from hydrothermal vents of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1149-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Comtet ◽  
Marcel Le Pennec ◽  
Daniel Desbruyères
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Lucky Strike ◽  
Histological Sections ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge ◽  
Menez Gwen

Histological sections of the gonad of Bathymodiolus azoricus from the Lucky Strike and Menez Gwen hydrothermal vent fields (Mid-Atlantic Ridge) demonstrated a spawning event in this species in May 1994, synchronous between the two vent fields located 60 km apart, and a sexual pause in gametogenesis. As reported for other vent mytilid species, B. azoricus from Lucky Strike and Menez Gwen could exhibit hermaphroditism.

FAME: Fibre optic cables: an Alternative tool for Monitoring volcanic Events

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Jousset ◽  
Gilda Currenti ◽  
Rosalba Napoli ◽  
Charlotte Krawczyk ◽  
Michael Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volcano Seismology ◽  
Fibre Optic ◽  
Volcanic Monitoring ◽  
Volcanic Events ◽  
Fibre Optic Cable ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
Control Capability ◽  
Distributed Acoustic Sensing ◽  
Set Up

&lt;p&gt;In the framework of EUROVOLCs Trans-national grants, we propose the FAME project aiming at validating Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) technology as a complementary and alternative tool for monitoring volcanic and seismic activity at Etna volcano. DAS technology provides records of strain signals with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We deployed a fibre optic cable connected to an iDAS (Silixa) interrogator set-up at the Observatory Pizzi Deneri in the summit area. To allow for a continuously recording of the iDAS, a solar panel power system was designed using battery back-up and inverter to supply 200 W at 220 V/AC. An internet connection was set up for a full remote control capability. The iDAS interrogated a 1.5 km long fibre cable, buried at a depth of about 30 cm by digging a trench in Piano delle Concazze area. The DAS measurements were validated with conventional measurements from 26 broadband seismometers and 3 arrays of 3 infrasound sensors from the Geophysical Instrument Pool Potsdam (GIPP). We deployed instruments along the fibre optic cable, covering an area of about 0.1 km2. The DAS and conventional sensors acquired data from 4 July to 23 September 2019 without major interruptions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here, we show key features of this the extraordinary multidisciplinary dataset. Thanks to the high spatial resolution (2 m), we could find locations of hypothesized faults in Piano delle Concazze area. Thanks to the long acquisition period, we continuously tracked Etna activity, marked by several eruptive episodes, including ash emissions, strombolian and effusive activities from the summit craters. The most intense and sustained eruptive events occurred in 18-20 July, 27-28 July and 9-13 September. We investigate the application of well-established analysis techniques in volcano-seismology to DAS dataset in order to assess the performance of the system in detecting and characterizing volcanic events.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our findings demonstrate that DAS technology can record on a long term basis volcanic activity, which suggests DAS technology can be integrated to volcanic monitoring systems.&lt;/p&gt;

Retinal Anatomy of New Bresiliid Shrimp from the Lucky Strike and Broken Spur Hydrothermal Vent Fields on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.O. Kuenzler ◽  
J.T. Kwasniewski ◽  
R.N. Jinks ◽  
R.C. Lakin ◽  
B.A. Battelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Visual Sensitivity ◽  
Black Smoker ◽  
Lucky Strike ◽  
Rimicaris Exoculata ◽  
Mid Atlantic Ridge ◽  
Surface Dwelling ◽  
Dim Light ◽  
Visual Apparatus

The 1989 discovery of a large dorsal eye on the hydrothermal vent shrimp, Rimicaris exoculata, debunked the prevailing opinion that all animals living around deep hydrothermal vents were blind. Recent dives with DSV ‘Alvin’ recovered new bresiliid shrimp [Chorocaris (Lucky Strike) and Chorocaris (Broken Spur)] from two new vent fields on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The Lucky Strike species has recently been named Chorocaris fortunata and may be the same as the Broken Spur species - the retinal morphologies reported here are very similar. Like R. exoculata, C. fortunata has a visual apparatus adapted to the very dim light of its environment. Although in both species enlarged, non-imaging eyes appear to have evolved from the stalked compound eyes typical of caridean shrimp, those of C. fortunata are forward-facing whilst that of R. exoculata is located dorsally. The massive array of photosensitive membrane (rhabdom) of C. fortunata lies beneath a smooth cornea within a matt, white, reflecting matrix and occupies 80% of the available volume of the photoreceptors compared to the expected 10–15% of shallow water decapods. All screening pigment is located out of the light path at the bottom of the retina. There is no ultrastructural evidence for cyclic rhabdom shedding or renewal. Thus the cellular organization of C. fortunata is remarkably similar to that of R. exoculata and distinct from its surface-dwelling relatives. This suggests that in these species imaging optics have been sacrificed to achieve the increased visual sensitivity necessary to detect the very dim light emitted from the throats of the black smoker chimneys around which they live

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