scholarly journals The evolution of New Zealand's fisheries science and management systems under ITQs†

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela M. Mace ◽  
Kevin J. Sullivan ◽  
Martin Cryer
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Fishing Industry ◽  
Comprehensive Management ◽  
Fisheries Science ◽  
Stock Status ◽  
Initial Design

Abstract Mace, P. M., Sullivan, K. J., and Cryer, M. 2014. The evolution of New Zealand's fisheries science and management systems under ITQs. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 71: 204–215. New Zealand implemented a comprehensive management system using individual transferable quotas in 1986 that has been instrumental in guiding the roles, responsibilities, and accountabilities of fisheries science, fisheries management, and the fishing industry ever since. However, at the time of the initial design, a number of issues were not adequately considered. These relate mainly to the dynamic nature of fish stocks, multispecies considerations, and environmental and other externalities. Subsequent efforts to address these issues have been challenging and many are not yet fully resolved. The outcomes for fisheries science, stock status, multispecies management, ecosystem effects, and fishing industry accountability have been mixed, although mostly positive. Fisheries science, fisheries management, and the fishing industry have all become much more professionalized and their activities have been increasingly streamlined. New initiatives to further improve the system continue to be researched and implemented. Overall, we believe that the positives considerably outweigh the negatives. The initial design has proved to be a system that can be built upon. Comparing New Zealand with most of the rest of the world, key positive outcomes for preventing overfishing are the current lack of significant overcapacity in most fisheries, the development of biological reference points and a harvest strategy standard, the favourable stock status for the majority of stocks with known status, and the development and implementation of comprehensive risk assessments and management plans to protect seabirds and marine mammals.

A New Zealand Industry perspective on the Fifth International Conference and Workshop on Lobster Biology and Management

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 655
Author(s):  
Daryl Sykes
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Fishing Industry ◽  
Short Article ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
International Conference ◽  
The World ◽  
Management Issues

This short article provides an overview of the Conference from the perspective of an observer from the New Zealand fishing industry. Fishers were well represented at this Conference. Of special interest to them were the vast contrasts in lobster fisheries management throughout the world, the apparent resilience of lobster populations and the similarities in management issues throughout the world. The Conference emphasized the need for scientists and fishers to work together, and for industry to have an informed and interactive role in managing and choosing research directions for lobster resources.

Improving fisheries management in New Zealand: Developing dialogue between fisheries science and management (FSM) and ecosystem science and management (ESM)

Geoforum ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Le Heron ◽  
Eugene Rees ◽  
Edwin Massey ◽  
Murray Bruges ◽  
Simon Thrush
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Fisheries Science ◽  
Ecosystem Science

Nothing as Practical as a Good Theory

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ken H. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Fish Communities ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Fish Ecology ◽  
Good Theory ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Fisheries Science ◽  
Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management ◽  
Stock Recovery

This chapter provides some context on the overall themes and theory of this volume. Throughout, the theory is applied to relevant problems in fisheries science: impact of fishing on demography, fisheries reference points, evolutionary impact assessments, stock recovery, ecosystem-based fisheries management, and so on, as well as to basic ecological and evolutionary questions. The chapter begins by addressing the motivations for a new theory of fish stocks and fish communities. It also considers what problems such a theory should address and how such a theory can be formulated. From here, the chapter discusses what makes a good theory and the peculiar challenges fish ecology represents.

scholarly journals Seabird and Marine Mammal Bycatch Reduction Through Fishing Industry Funded Research: The New Zealand Conservation Services Levy Program

1999 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
West Ian F. ◽  
Janic Molloy ◽  
Michael F. Donoghue ◽  
Chris Pugsley
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
Fishing Industry ◽  
Protected Species ◽  
The Status ◽  
Extensive Consultation ◽  
By Catch ◽  
Marine Wildlife

Since 1995 the New Zealand government has implemented a scheme to recover from the domestic commercial fishing industry the funding required to investigate and mitigate the impacts of fishing on protected species of marine wildlife. Conservation Services Levies are approved by the Minister of Conservation, administered by the Department of Conservation (DOC), and are collected by the Ministry of Fisheries. The levies are set annually following extensive consultation between the relevant government agencies and stakeholder groups. Levies are primarily used to boost observer coverage in selected fisheries, to monitor the status of protected species known to be incidentally taken in fishing operations, and to develop ways of mitigating the by-catch of species protected under the New Zealand Marine Mammals Protection Act 1978 and the Wildlife Act 1953. Conservation Services Levies provide a rare example in the global fishing industry of a transparent and accountable process, requiring the industry to pay at least part of the true environmental costs of its operation. It would be premature to suggest that the introduction of these levies has achieved a resolution of the various interactions between commercial fisheries and protected species of marine wildlife.

scholarly journals Status and targets for rebuilding the three major fish stocks in Lake Victoria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laban Musinguzi ◽  
Mark Olokotum ◽  
Vianny Natugonza
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Maximum Sustainable Yield ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Nile Perch ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Illegal Fishing ◽  
Stock Status ◽  
Low Levels

AbstractWe determined fisheries management reference points for three major fish stocks in Lake Victoria (Nile tilapia, Nile perch and Dagaa) for Uganda and the whole lake. The aim was to ascertain stock status and define reasonable objectives and targets for rebuilding to sustainable levels. Dagaa was found to be healthy in Uganda and the whole lake but tending to overfished status. In Uganda, the stock status of Nile tilapia and Nile perch was recruitment impaired but tending more towards collapsed and overfished status respectively. In the whole lake, the stock status of Nile tilapia and Nile perch was collapsed and overfished respectively with the latter tending more towards recruitment impaired. Estimates of maximum sustainable yield (MSY) showed that catches could be increased under good management. Rebuilding the Nile tilapia and Nile perch stock biomasses to MSY level (Bmsy) could respectively increase the catches above the current level by 9.2% and 29.5% in Uganda and by 72.8% and 15.1% in the whole lake. The immediate objective for fisheries management should be to rebuild biomass for the Nile tilapia and Nile perch stocks to Bmsy. Elimination of illegal fishing practices has proved to be effective. In addition, management needs to keep catches at low levels until biomass for the stocks is ≥Bmsy for at least three consecutive years.

scholarly journals Combining Ecosystem and Single-Species Modeling to Provide Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management Advice Within Current Management Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Howell ◽  
Amy M. Schueller ◽  
Jacob W. Bentley ◽  
Andre Buchheister ◽  
David Chagaris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Atlantic Menhaden ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
The Irish Sea ◽  
Management Advice ◽  
Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management ◽  
Single Species Model

Although many countries have formally committed to Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management (EBFM), actual progress toward these goals has been slow. This paper presents two independent case studies that have combined strategic advice from ecosystem modeling with the tactical advice of single-species assessment models to provide practical ecosystem-based management advice. With this approach, stock status, reference points, and initial target F are computed from a single-species model, then an ecosystem model rescales the target F according to ecosystem indicators without crossing pre-calculated single-species precautionary limits. Finally, the single-species model computes the quota advice from the rescaled target F, termed here Feco. Such a methodology incorporates both the detailed population reconstructions of the single-species model and the broader ecosystem perspective from ecosystem-based modeling, and fits into existing management schemes. The advocated method has arisen from independent work on EBFM in two international fisheries management systems: (1) Atlantic menhaden in the United States and (2) the multi species fisheries of the Irish Sea, in the Celtic Seas ecoregion. In the Atlantic menhaden example, the objective was to develop ecological reference points (ERPs) that account for the effect of menhaden harvest on predator populations and the tradeoffs associated with forage fish management. In the Irish Sea, the objective was to account for ecosystem variability when setting quotas for the individual target species. These two exercises were aimed at different management needs, but both arrived at a process of adjusting the target F used within the current single-species management. Although the approach has limitations, it represents a practical step toward EBFM, which can be adapted to a range of ecosystem objectives and applied within current management systems.

scholarly journals The isotopic niche of Atlantic, biting marine mammals and its relationship to skull morphology and body size

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Drago ◽  
Marco Signaroli ◽  
Meica Valdivia ◽  
Enrique M. González ◽  
Asunción Borrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Trophic Position ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Isotopic Niche ◽  
Apex Predators ◽  
Skull Morphology ◽  
Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management

AbstractUnderstanding the trophic niches of marine apex predators is necessary to understand interactions between species and to achieve sustainable, ecosystem-based fisheries management. Here, we review the stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios for biting marine mammals inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean to test the hypothesis that the relative position of each species within the isospace is rather invariant and that common and predictable patterns of resource partitioning exists because of constrains imposed by body size and skull morphology. Furthermore, we analyze in detail two species-rich communities to test the hypotheses that marine mammals are gape limited and that trophic position increases with gape size. The isotopic niches of species were highly consistent across regions and the topology of the community within the isospace was well conserved across the Atlantic Ocean. Furthermore, pinnipeds exhibited a much lower diversity of isotopic niches than odontocetes. Results also revealed body size as a poor predictor of the isotopic niche, a modest role of skull morphology in determining it, no evidence of gape limitation and little overlap in the isotopic niche of sympatric species. The overall evidence suggests limited trophic flexibility for most species and low ecological redundancy, which should be considered for ecosystem-based fisheries management.

scholarly journals Thermal reference points as an index for monitoring body temperature in marine mammals

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mar Melero ◽  
Víctor Rodríguez-Prieto ◽  
Ana Rubio-García ◽  
Daniel García-Párraga ◽  
José Manuel Sánchez-Vizcaíno
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Reference Points

scholarly journals Depleted marine fish stocks and ecosystem-based management: on the road to recovery, we need to be precautionary

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 212-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Gårdmark ◽  
Anders Nielsen ◽  
Jens Floeter ◽  
Christian Möllmann
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Marine Fish ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Fishing Mortality ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
The Road ◽  
Stock Status ◽  
Ecosystem Based Management ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
On The Road

Abstract Gårdmark, A., Nielsen, A., Floeter, J., and Möllmann, C. 2011. Depleted marine fish stocks and ecosystem-based management: on the road to recovery, we need to be precautionary. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 212–220. Precautionary management for fish stocks in need of recovery requires that likely stock increases can be distinguished from model artefacts and that the uncertainty of stock status can be handled. Yet, ICES stock assessments are predominantly deterministic and many EC management plans are designed for deterministic advice. Using the eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) stock as an example, we show how deterministic scientific advice can lead to illusive certainty of a rapid stock recovery and management decisions taken in unawareness of large uncertainties in stock status. By (i) performing sensitivity analyses of key assessment model assumptions, (ii) quantifying the uncertainty of the estimates due to data uncertainty, and (iii) developing alternative stock and ecosystem indicators, we demonstrate that estimates of recent fishing mortality and recruitment of this stock were highly uncertain and show that these uncertainties are crucial when combined with management plans based on fixed reference points of fishing mortality. We therefore call for fisheries management that does not neglect uncertainty. To this end, we outline a four-step approach to handle uncertainty of stock status in advice and management. We argue that it is time to use these four steps towards an ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management.

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