Control system for aquatic biological resources in the northern fisheries basin of Russia

The study of the Russian fishery management system aims to determine the degree of readiness of the fishing industry to implement economic processes of access to aquatic biological resources in the country’s Northern fishery basin. A comparative analysis of fishery management systems in a market economy (fishery complex of Russia) and a planned economy of the USSR has been presented. It has been determined that the allocation of aquatic biological resources for industrial fishing is managed on the basis of Russian regulatory legal acts, and the implementation of the tasks of developing the fishery sector and ensuring the country’s food security is consistent with the implementation of the Basic State Policy of Russia. Key performance indicators of the fishing industry, the system of allocation of fishing (catch) quotas for aquatic biological resources based on the “historical principle” and the “auction system” have been presented. The aim of the study is to assess the being implemented plans for the total allowable catch development, and the desire of the fishery management system and business to increase the economic potential of the Russian fishery sector.

Abandoned, Lost or Otherwise Discarded Fishing Gear (ALDFG) in Tuna Pole-and-Line Fisheries

The fishing industry is recognized as one of the primary sources of at-sea marine litter, largely through its contributions via abandoned, lost or otherwise discarded fishing gear (ALDFG). Individual fleet’s contributions to ALDFG vary significantly across this global industry. While much information is available for some fisheries, the rate of ALDFG remains poorly known for many techniques. In this study, we used data collected by fisheries observers onboard pole-and-line fishing vessels in the Azores (Atlantic Ocean) and the Maldives (Indian Ocean) to provide an accurate and representative estimate of ALDFG for this gear. Our analysis of 993 fishing events demonstrated ALDFG contributions much lower than have been recorded for any other commercial tuna fishing gear. Overall, we found that an angler loses some monofilament line in 1.4% (±0.2) of fishing events. This informs that for every thousand tonnes of tuna harvested using this fishing technique, 0.3 kg of nylon is entering the marine environment. Globally, we estimate that all pole-and-line fisheries together contribute to 96 kg ± 42.6 kg of ALDFG per year. These results further evidence the low environmental impact of this traditional fishing practice, as well as the need for other methods to convert to less damaging gears.

Trends in development of Russian Far East’s fishing industry in context of strategic regional growth

This article is devoted to topical issues of the fishing industry development in the Russian Far East. Far East is the largest and the most abundant with fish resources region of Russia, and also it is the largest territorial administrative unit. The main scientific and practical task the research can help to solve is implementation of strategic prospects and scientific support of the industry development government programs. The aim of the research is to update the trends and identify the main problems of the fishing industry development in the Far East of Russia over the past decade. Methodologically the research is based on the concept of regional economy sustainable development. The article analyzes such indicators of the industry development as: number of enterprises in the industry, number of employees at the industry enterprises, volume of fish products production and processing, level of domestic prices for fish products, fish products consumption volume, fish products export value, volume of investments in fixed assets of industry enterprises. The key trends are identified and the most important problems of the regional fishing industry development are noted. Among such problems: the industry’s dependence on the world market situation, insufficient development of domestic market, excessive growth in prices for fish products in the domestic market, low degree of fish products processing, dependence of fish products export on Asian countries’ consumers.

Fishing Tourism in Greece: Defining Possibilities and Prospects

The transformation of the fishing industry into tourism has become a global trend. Due to the continuous crisis on the field, professional fishermen turn to maritime tourism activities, providing a memorable tourism experience to visitors. Fishing tourism is a relatively new development in sustainable tourism, where tourists have the opportunity to participate in fishing operations by casting and pulling in the nets and taste freshly caught fish cooked on board. Over the past seven years, Greece, following the other European countries, has rapidly adopted this conversion into tourism. The aim of this research is to examine the possibilities and prospects for the development of fishing tourism in Greece. This is achieved through face-to-face interviews with 40 experienced fishers who wanted to be actively involved in this whole process. The analysis of data revealed positive results in this groundbreaking form of tourism.

Самовольные переселенческие рыбацкие поселения на калмыцких землях (вторая половина XVIII–XIX в.)

Introduction. The article aims at analyzing the state policy regarding unauthorized fishing settlements of migrants on the Kalmyk pasturesin the period between the second half of the 18th and 19th cc. to better understand the processes of historical development of the Caspian territories of Kalmykia and of the Russian Caspian region. Accordingly, the lines of research were as follows: to examine the causes for unauthorized settlements and the dynamics of the state policies in the region, to study the migrants (settlers) in terms of the irethnicity, social class, and occupation, as well as their relationship with the authorities. Data and methods. The study was based on materials of the Russian State Historical Archives, the State Archives of the Astrakhan Region, the National Archives of the Republic of Kalmykia, and published sources. Both historical-genetic and historical-comparative methods were employed for the analysis of the data. Results. The author investigated the history of each of the unauthorized fishing settlement, the migrants’ backgrounds in terms of ethnicity, social class, and occupation, and the government’s policies in relation to the migrants. The study shows that such settlements were related to the growth of fishing industry in the region and, partly, to the government’s military and policing practices on the coast of the Caspian Sea. The authorities began to deal seriously with the problem of unauthorized fishing settlements on the Kalmyk pastures from the mid-19thcentury, with the start of transformation in the fishing industry. At the turn of the 20th century, the settlements were removed from the control of the Kalmyk authorities and were legalized, then, the process of their administrative-territorial and land structuring was started to finally complete in the second decade of the 20thcentury. Conclusions. The policy of the authorities in relation to unauthorized fishing settlements on the Kalmyk pastures differed from that in other areas of the Kalmyk steppe. In Mochagi, the authorities did not insist on the removal of such unauthorized settlements and negotiated with the settlers, and only if the latter rejected the proposed solutions for staying on the Kalmyk pastures, the question about their eviction was raised. Such policies on the problem of settlements on the coastal strip of the Caspian Sea, namely in Mochagi, were justified by the interests of the fishing industry to prevent any harmful effect in case of removal of villages and their inhabitants.

From Line to Loop, A Circular 3D Printing Initiative for Upcycling Commercial Fishing Plastics

<p>The current linear use of plastic products follows a take, make and waste process. Commonly used by large scale industries, including the commercial fishing industry, this process results in approximately 8 million tonnes of plastic entering the ocean every year. While the fishing industry supplies livelihoods, a valuable food source and financial capital to millions of people worldwide, it’s also a significant contributor to the ocean plastics crisis. Without effective recycling schemes, an estimated 640,000 tonnes of plastic fishing gear is abandoned, lost or discarded within the ocean every year. New Zealand is no exception to this problem, as China’s waste import ban, as well as a lack of local recycling infrastructures, has resulted in the country’s commercial fishing gear polluting local coastlines as well as islands in the pacific. With the only other option for the plastic fishing gear being landfill, there is a critical need for circular initiatives that upcycle used plastic fishing gear locally into eco-innovative designs. This research examines the issue by investigating how used buoys, aquaculture ropes and fishing nets from New Zealand’s fishing company ‘Sanford’ may be upcycled into eco-innovative designs through distributed manufacturing technologies. It introduces the idea of the circular economy, where plastic fishing gear can be reused within a technical cycle and explores how 3D printing could be part of the solution as it provides local initiatives, low material and energy usage and customisation. Overall, the research follows the research through design based on design criteria approach. Where materials, designs and systems are created under the refined research criteria, to ensure the plastic fishing gear samples are upcycled effectively into eco-innovative designs through 3D printing. The tangible outputs of this research demonstrate how a circular upcycling system that uses distributed manufacturing technologies can create eco-innovative designs and provide a responsible disposal scheme for plastic fishing gear. It provides a new and more sustainable waste management scheme that could be applied to a range of plastic waste streams and diverts materials from entering the environment by continuously reusing them within the economy.</p>