Age-Dependent Functional and Numerical Responses of Neoseiulus cucumeris (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on Two-Spotted Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjad Dalir ◽  
Hamidreza Hajiqanbar ◽  
Yaghoub Fathipour ◽  
Mostafa Khanamani
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Neoseiulus Cucumeris ◽  
Predation Capacity ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch

Abstract The age-specific functional and numerical responses of Neoseiulus cucumeris Oudemans (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) on eggs of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Prostigmata: Tetranychidae), were assessed in the laboratory using bean leaf discs. Densities of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 prey were provided to 4- (protonymph), 6- (deutonymph), 8-, 13-, 18-, 23-, 28-, 33-, and 40-d-old N. cucumeris individuals. The functional response of 28- and 40-d-old N. cucumeris fitted type II, whereas the other ages displayed a type III functional response. The longest handling time observed at the age of 4 d was 0.515 h, whereas the shortest handling time and highest value of maximum attack rate (T/Th) were associated with the age of the 28-d-old treatment (0.261 h and 91.95 prey/d, respectively). The numerical response of N. cucumeris showed a significant increase with increasing prey density, but its rate gradually decreased at higher densities. Therefore, the efficiency of conversion of ingested food was relatively higher at low two-spotted spider mite densities, whereas it was reduced at high two-spotted spider mite densities. The stronger functional response and predation capacity of N. cucumeris on two-spotted spider mite eggs indicated the high potential of this predatory mite as an effective biological control agent against two-spotted spider mite especially at its early and middle ages and also when higher prey densities are present.

Age-specific functional response and predation rate of Amblyseius swirskii (Phytoseiidae) on two-spotted spider mite

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaghoub Fathipour ◽  
Maryam Karimi ◽  
Azadeh Farazmand ◽  
Ali Asghar Talebi
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Amblyseius Swirskii ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch

The lifetime functional response and predation rate of Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot on eggs of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch were determined under laboratory conditions using cucumber leaf discs. Densities of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 prey were offered to 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 12, 17, 22 and 27-day-old A. swirskii individuals. Based on the logistic regression, the functional response of twelve-day-old A. swirskii was type III, while the other ages showed type II. The Rogers model was used to estimate searching efficiency (a) and handling time (Th). The longest handling time (1.387±0.315 h) was observed in the protonymphal stage, while the shortest handling time and highest maximum attack rate (T/Th) were estimated at the age of seven-days (0.396±0.057 h and 60.67 prey/day, respectively). In the functional response experiments, results of the highest prey density used (128 eggs) showed that the highest number of prey consumed by A. swirskii individuals aged twelve and seventeen-days old (35.6 and 43.1 eggs, respectively). It is concluded that A. swirskii could be an efficient biological control agent of T. urticae at the middle-age of its life and at higher prey densities. 

scholarly journals Age-specific functional response and predation capacity of Phytoseiulus persimilis (Phytoseiidae) on the two-spotted spider mite

Acarologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Yaghoub Fathipour ◽  
Maryam Karimi ◽  
Azadeh Farazmand ◽  
Ali Asghar Talebi
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Phytoseiulus Persimilis ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Predation Capacity ◽  
Old Adult ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch

The lifetime-dependent functional response and predation rate of Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot on eggs of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch was determined under laboratory conditions using cucumber leaf discs. Densities of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 prey were offered to 4 (protonymph), 5 (deutonymph), 6 (1-day-old adult), 10 (5-day-old adult), 15 (10-day-old adult), 20 (15-day-old adult), 25 (20-day-old adult), 30 (25-day-old adult), 35 (30-day-old adult) and 40 (35-day-old adult) P. persimilis individuals. The results of logistic regression analyses showed that on the 15th, 35th and 40th days of predator age, predation rate of T. urticae eggs increased, resulting in the type III functional response, while at the other ages, the functional response was type II. The Rogers model was used to estimate searching efficiency (a) and handling time (Th). The longest handling time was obtained in the protonymphal stage with 2.377 +/- 0.192 h. The shortest handling time and the highest value of estimated maximum attack rate (T/Th) were estimated at the age of 20 days (0.494 +/- 0.009 h and 48.57prey/day). At the highest prey density used (128 eggs), our findings showed that the highest number of prey was eaten by 15, 20, 25 and 30 days old P. persimilis (39.3, 41.7, 39.3 and 38.1 eggs per day, respectively). The results of this study revealed that P. persimilis especially at the middle and late ages has a good predation potential on T. urticae eggs at higher prey densities.

scholarly journals Potential predation and fecundity of Amblyseius aerialis fed two-spotted spider mite

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-753
Author(s):  
Anilde Da Graça Sousa Maciel ◽  
Roseane Cristina Predes Trindade ◽  
Edmilson Santos Silva ◽  
Márcia Daniela Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Initial Amount ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch ◽  
Dead Prey ◽  
Bean Leaves

The mites of the Phytoseiidae family stand out for the biological control of pest mites. The species Amblyseius aerialis (Muma, 1955) is a generalist mite, which can contribute to the natural regulation of pest mites. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential for predation and fecundity of A. aerialis on the different phases of Tetranychus urticae (Koch, 1836) (Acari: Tetranychidae). A female of A. aerialis was confined on dish (3.0 cm in diameter) of jack bean leaves, Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC. The discs were left in petri dish with water. Each T. urticae phase was offered individually to A. aerialis at densities: 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 mites / arena. The number of prey consumed and eggs laid by A. aerialis were evaluated every 24 hours for seven days, with removal of laid eggs by phytoseiid and dead prey and replacement of prey in the initial amount. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by Tukey test, applying the factorial (4x6). It was observed that with the increase of the density of T. urticae offered there was an increase in the predation of A. aerialis. When offered the nymph and adult the average number of eggs per day was higher, differing from egg and larva. Thus, A. aerialis can be a biological control agent of the T. urticae, reducing the population of the pest and maintaining its fecundity in all phases and densities offered.

Functional response in coccinellid beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is modified by prey-density experience

2022 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desh Deepak Chaudhary ◽  
Bhupendra Kumar ◽  
Geetanjali Mishra ◽  
Omkar
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Prey Density ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Late Instar ◽  
Rearing Density ◽  
Type Ii Functional Response

Abstract In the present study, we assessed functional response curves of two generalist coccinellid beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), specifically Menochilus sexmaculatus and Propylea dissecta, using fluctuating densities of aphid prey as a stimulus. In what may be the first such study, we investigated how the prey density experienced during the early larval development of these two predatory beetle species shaped the functional response curves of the late instar–larval and adult stages. The predators were switched from their rearing prey-density environments of scarce, optimal, or abundant prey to five testing density environments of extremely scarce, scarce, suboptimal, optimal, or abundant prey. The individuals of M. sexmaculatus that were reared on either scarce- and optimal- or abundant-prey densities exhibited type II functional response curves as both larvae and adults. However, individuals of P. dissecta that were reared on scarce- and abundant-prey densities displayed modified type II functional response curves as larvae and type II functional response curves as adults. In contrast, individuals of P. dissecta reared on the optimal-prey density displayed type II functional response curves as larvae and modified type II functional response curves as adults. The fourth-instar larvae and adult females of M. sexmaculatus and P. dissecta also exhibited highest prey consumption (T/Th) and shortest prey-handling time (Th) on the scarce-prey rearing density. Thus, under fluctuating-prey conditions, M. sexmaculatus is a better biological control agent of aphids than P. dissecta is.

scholarly journals Functional response of Cydnodromus picanus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Ernesto Tello Mercado ◽  
Miguel Esteban Zarzar Maza ◽  
Angélica María Suarez Pantoja
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
65 H ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
Average Consumption ◽  
Type Ii Functional Response

The functional response of adult females of predatory mite Cydnodromus picanus Ragusa (Acari: Phytoseiidae) was evaluated at different egg densities (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 100 and 150 eggs per predator) of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), which had 16, 42 and 65 h since oviposition. The experimental design was in a completely randomized blocks with five replicates per treatment. The environmental conditions of the trials were 25±2°C temperature, 50±2% of relative humidity and a photoperiod of 16:8 hours (light: dark). The average consumption rates for the three kinds of prey showed no significant differences (p>0.05) being 20.56±1.02, 18.59±0.79 and 18.38±0.94 prey/predator for eggs of 16, 42 and 65 h age, respectively. Using a logistic regression, a type II functional response on C. picanus females for the three kinds of eggs was determined. The values of response parameters for C. picanus females were as follows: Attack rate (a): 0.055±0.006, 0.076±0.009 and 0.073±0.016; Handling time (Th): 0.684±0.036, 0.894±0.034 and 0.898±0.062; for eggs of 16, 42 and 65 h age, respectively. These values are within the range of variation for different species of phytoseiids. These results suggest that C. picanus could effectively regulate populations of T. urticae in the field.  

scholarly journals Results of the Single Release Efficacy of the Predatory Mite Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) against the Two-Spotted Spider Mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) on a Hop Plantation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Matej Vidrih ◽  
Anja Turnšek ◽  
Magda Rak Cizej ◽  
Tanja Bohinc ◽  
Stanislav Trdan
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Neoseiulus Californicus ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

In 2015, we studied the efficiency of the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) for suppression of the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae in a field experiment at a hop plantation. We randomly arranged four treatments in a three-block experiment. Fungicides were used in all treatments; insecticides were used in all treatments except the predatory mite treatment and acaricides were used in only two treatments. A single inundative release of the mite N. californicus was carried out on 4 July. On four different dates (10 June, 17 July, 29 July and 9 August), we counted the eggs and the mobile stages (larvae, nymphs and adults) of the two-spotted spider mite in all four treatments. In the treatment with the predatory mite, we established the fewest eggs and mobile stages of T. urticae 14 days after the release of the predator. The selected acaricides in our research acted in a primarily ovicidal manner, but we did not detect satisfactory effects on the mobile stages of the two-spotted spider mite. This result suggests the emergence of resistance of two-spotted spider mites to the acaricides hexythiazox and abamectin. Our research established comparable effects of the predatory mite N. californicus and acaricides, and further improvement of the efficiency would require release of the natural enemy into a hop plantation in mid-June, followed by a second release three weeks later. The costs of acaricide use in our experiment were from 12.7-fold (two sprayings of hexythiazox, and a single spraying with abamectin) to 17.8-fold (single treatments of hexythiazox and abamectin) lower than those of a single release of the biological control agent in question. The results of our study represent a starting point for future research, which could achieve satisfactory results in suppressing two-spotted spider mites on a hop plantation by repeated use of the predatory mite N. californicus.

Impact of endosulfan on the predatory efficiency of larval Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) on the eggs of Heliothis virescens and Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustín Hernández-Juárez ◽  
Luis A. Aguirre-Uribe ◽  
Aideé González-Ruíz ◽  
Julio C. Chacón-Hernández ◽  
Jerónimo Landeros-Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Heliothis Virescens ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Chrysoperla Carnea ◽  
Predatory Efficiency ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractThe effect of the insecticide endosulfan on the predatory efficiency of the green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea Stephens (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) on the eggs of tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was measured with Holling’s disc equation. Though the type II functional response was maintained in C. carnea exposed to endosulfan, the functional response parameters: attack rate (a′), handling time (Th), total handling time (Tht), searching time (Ts), and search efficiency (E) were affected for both prey offered. The predator took more time to identify, pursue, capture, consume, and digest the prey, and in general, the efficiency of the predator as a biological control agent was adversely affected.

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